Gene expression is the process involving synthesis of protein from a nucleotide sequence of a gene. It includes transcription and translation. Gene expression is controlled in different stages. These are transcriptional regulation, posttranscriptional regulation, translational, and posttranslational regulation.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1TYK

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Gene expression is the process involving synthesis of protein from a nucleotide sequence of a gene. It includes transcription and translation. Gene expression is controlled in different stages. These are transcriptional regulation, posttranscriptional regulation, translational, and posttranslational regulation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

Posttranscriptional regulation.

Explanation of Solution

Justification for the correct answer:

Option (d) is given as Posttranscriptional regulation. It controls the delivery of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) after transcription to the cytoplasm. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is transcribed in the nucleus and after mRNA is synthesized, it is transferred to the cytoplasm. This control is called posttranscriptional regulation. During this process, pre-mRNA processing takes place. In this, splicing of the introns occur, capping and tailing is done on the ends of the mRNA. This is done in order to protect the transcribed mRNA from getting degraded by the action of enzymes. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Justification for the incorrect answers:

Option (a) is given as translational regulation. Translational regulation controls the rate of protein synthesis. It manages the rate at which the mRNA is being used up for protein synthesis. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (b) is given as posttranslational regulation. Posttranslational regulation controls the functioning of proteins synthesized during translation. The 3 ways of controlling are chemical modification, degradation, and processing. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (c) is given as transcriptional regulation. Transcriptional regulation controls the genes that are transcribed into mRNA. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (e) is deoxyribonucleic regulation. Deoxyribonucleic acid is the DNA molecule present in the nucleus. This does not control the delivery of mRNA to the cytoplasm.

So, it is an incorrect option.

Hence, options, (a), (b), (c) and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Thus, it can be concluded that after DNA is transcribed in the nucleus, mRNA is synthesized, and the process that controls its delivery to cytoplasm is called posttranscriptional regulation.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1TYK

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Gene expression is the process involving synthesis of protein from a nucleotide sequence of a gene. It includes transcription and translation. Gene expression is controlled in different stages. These are transcriptional regulation, posttranscriptional regulation, translational, and posttranslational regulation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

Posttranscriptional regulation.

Explanation of Solution

Justification for the correct answer:

Option (d) is given as Posttranscriptional regulation. It controls the delivery of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) after transcription to the cytoplasm. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is transcribed in the nucleus and after mRNA is synthesized, it is transferred to the cytoplasm. This control is called posttranscriptional regulation. During this process, pre-mRNA processing takes place. In this, splicing of the introns occur, capping and tailing is done on the ends of the mRNA. This is done in order to protect the transcribed mRNA from getting degraded by the action of enzymes. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Justification for the incorrect answers:

Option (a) is given as translational regulation. Translational regulation controls the rate of protein synthesis. It manages the rate at which the mRNA is being used up for protein synthesis. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (b) is given as posttranslational regulation. Posttranslational regulation controls the functioning of proteins synthesized during translation. The 3 ways of controlling are chemical modification, degradation, and processing. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (c) is given as transcriptional regulation. Transcriptional regulation controls the genes that are transcribed into mRNA. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (e) is deoxyribonucleic regulation. Deoxyribonucleic acid is the DNA molecule present in the nucleus. This does not control the delivery of mRNA to the cytoplasm.

So, it is an incorrect option.

Hence, options, (a), (b), (c) and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Thus, it can be concluded that after DNA is transcribed in the nucleus, mRNA is synthesized, and the process that controls its delivery to cytoplasm is called posttranscriptional regulation.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1TYK

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Gene expression is the process involving synthesis of protein from a nucleotide sequence of a gene. It includes transcription and translation. Gene expression is controlled in different stages. These are transcriptional regulation, posttranscriptional regulation, translational, and posttranslational regulation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

Posttranscriptional regulation.

Explanation of Solution

Justification for the correct answer:

Option (d) is given as Posttranscriptional regulation. It controls the delivery of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) after transcription to the cytoplasm. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is transcribed in the nucleus and after mRNA is synthesized, it is transferred to the cytoplasm. This control is called posttranscriptional regulation. During this process, pre-mRNA processing takes place. In this, splicing of the introns occur, capping and tailing is done on the ends of the mRNA. This is done in order to protect the transcribed mRNA from getting degraded by the action of enzymes. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Justification for the incorrect answers:

Option (a) is given as translational regulation. Translational regulation controls the rate of protein synthesis. It manages the rate at which the mRNA is being used up for protein synthesis. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (b) is given as posttranslational regulation. Posttranslational regulation controls the functioning of proteins synthesized during translation. The 3 ways of controlling are chemical modification, degradation, and processing. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (c) is given as transcriptional regulation. Transcriptional regulation controls the genes that are transcribed into mRNA. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (e) is deoxyribonucleic regulation. Deoxyribonucleic acid is the DNA molecule present in the nucleus. This does not control the delivery of mRNA to the cytoplasm.

So, it is an incorrect option.

Hence, options, (a), (b), (c) and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Thus, it can be concluded that after DNA is transcribed in the nucleus, mRNA is synthesized, and the process that controls its delivery to cytoplasm is called posttranscriptional regulation.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1TYK

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Gene expression is the process involving synthesis of protein from a nucleotide sequence of a gene. It includes transcription and translation. Gene expression is controlled in different stages. These are transcriptional regulation, posttranscriptional regulation, translational, and posttranslational regulation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

Posttranscriptional regulation.

Explanation of Solution

Justification for the correct answer:

Option (d) is given as Posttranscriptional regulation. It controls the delivery of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) after transcription to the cytoplasm. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is transcribed in the nucleus and after mRNA is synthesized, it is transferred to the cytoplasm. This control is called posttranscriptional regulation. During this process, pre-mRNA processing takes place. In this, splicing of the introns occur, capping and tailing is done on the ends of the mRNA. This is done in order to protect the transcribed mRNA from getting degraded by the action of enzymes. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Justification for the incorrect answers:

Option (a) is given as translational regulation. Translational regulation controls the rate of protein synthesis. It manages the rate at which the mRNA is being used up for protein synthesis. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (b) is given as posttranslational regulation. Posttranslational regulation controls the functioning of proteins synthesized during translation. The 3 ways of controlling are chemical modification, degradation, and processing. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (c) is given as transcriptional regulation. Transcriptional regulation controls the genes that are transcribed into mRNA. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (e) is deoxyribonucleic regulation. Deoxyribonucleic acid is the DNA molecule present in the nucleus. This does not control the delivery of mRNA to the cytoplasm.

So, it is an incorrect option.

Hence, options, (a), (b), (c) and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Thus, it can be concluded that after DNA is transcribed in the nucleus, mRNA is synthesized, and the process that controls its delivery to cytoplasm is called posttranscriptional regulation.

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Answer 5

Chapter 16, Problem 1TYK

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Gene expression is the process involving synthesis of protein from a nucleotide sequence of a gene. It includes transcription and translation. Gene expression is controlled in different stages. These are transcriptional regulation, posttranscriptional regulation, translational, and posttranslational regulation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

Posttranscriptional regulation.

Explanation of Solution

Justification for the correct answer:

Option (d) is given as Posttranscriptional regulation. It controls the delivery of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) after transcription to the cytoplasm. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is transcribed in the nucleus and after mRNA is synthesized, it is transferred to the cytoplasm. This control is called posttranscriptional regulation. During this process, pre-mRNA processing takes place. In this, splicing of the introns occur, capping and tailing is done on the ends of the mRNA. This is done in order to protect the transcribed mRNA from getting degraded by the action of enzymes. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Justification for the incorrect answers:

Option (a) is given as translational regulation. Translational regulation controls the rate of protein synthesis. It manages the rate at which the mRNA is being used up for protein synthesis. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (b) is given as posttranslational regulation. Posttranslational regulation controls the functioning of proteins synthesized during translation. The 3 ways of controlling are chemical modification, degradation, and processing. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (c) is given as transcriptional regulation. Transcriptional regulation controls the genes that are transcribed into mRNA. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (e) is deoxyribonucleic regulation. Deoxyribonucleic acid is the DNA molecule present in the nucleus. This does not control the delivery of mRNA to the cytoplasm.

So, it is an incorrect option.

Hence, options, (a), (b), (c) and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Thus, it can be concluded that after DNA is transcribed in the nucleus, mRNA is synthesized, and the process that controls its delivery to cytoplasm is called posttranscriptional regulation.

Answer 6

Chapter 16, Problem 1TYK

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Gene expression is the process involving synthesis of protein from a nucleotide sequence of a gene. It includes transcription and translation. Gene expression is controlled in different stages. These are transcriptional regulation, posttranscriptional regulation, translational, and posttranslational regulation.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

Posttranscriptional regulation.

Explanation of Solution

Justification for the correct answer:

Option (d) is given as Posttranscriptional regulation. It controls the delivery of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) after transcription to the cytoplasm. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is transcribed in the nucleus and after mRNA is synthesized, it is transferred to the cytoplasm. This control is called posttranscriptional regulation. During this process, pre-mRNA processing takes place. In this, splicing of the introns occur, capping and tailing is done on the ends of the mRNA. This is done in order to protect the transcribed mRNA from getting degraded by the action of enzymes. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Justification for the incorrect answers:

Option (a) is given as translational regulation. Translational regulation controls the rate of protein synthesis. It manages the rate at which the mRNA is being used up for protein synthesis. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (b) is given as posttranslational regulation. Posttranslational regulation controls the functioning of proteins synthesized during translation. The 3 ways of controlling are chemical modification, degradation, and processing. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (c) is given as transcriptional regulation. Transcriptional regulation controls the genes that are transcribed into mRNA. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (e) is deoxyribonucleic regulation. Deoxyribonucleic acid is the DNA molecule present in the nucleus. This does not control the delivery of mRNA to the cytoplasm.

So, it is an incorrect option.

Hence, options, (a), (b), (c) and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Thus, it can be concluded that after DNA is transcribed in the nucleus, mRNA is synthesized, and the process that controls its delivery to cytoplasm is called posttranscriptional regulation.

Answer 7

Chapter 16, Problem 1TYK

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Gene expression is the process involving synthesis of protein from a nucleotide sequence of a gene. It includes transcription and translation. Gene expression is controlled in different stages. These are transcriptional regulation, posttranscriptional regulation, translational, and posttranslational regulation.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYK

Correct answer:

Posttranscriptional regulation.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

Justification for the correct answer:

Option (d) is given as Posttranscriptional regulation. It controls the delivery of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) after transcription to the cytoplasm. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is transcribed in the nucleus and after mRNA is synthesized, it is transferred to the cytoplasm. This control is called posttranscriptional regulation. During this process, pre-mRNA processing takes place. In this, splicing of the introns occur, capping and tailing is done on the ends of the mRNA. This is done in order to protect the transcribed mRNA from getting degraded by the action of enzymes. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Justification for the incorrect answers:

Option (a) is given as translational regulation. Translational regulation controls the rate of protein synthesis. It manages the rate at which the mRNA is being used up for protein synthesis. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (b) is given as posttranslational regulation. Posttranslational regulation controls the functioning of proteins synthesized during translation. The 3 ways of controlling are chemical modification, degradation, and processing. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (c) is given as transcriptional regulation. Transcriptional regulation controls the genes that are transcribed into mRNA. So, it is an incorrect option.

Option (e) is deoxyribonucleic regulation. Deoxyribonucleic acid is the DNA molecule present in the nucleus. This does not control the delivery of mRNA to the cytoplasm.

So, it is an incorrect option.

Hence, options, (a), (b), (c) and (e) are incorrect.

Answer 12

Conclusion

Thus, it can be concluded that after DNA is transcribed in the nucleus, mRNA is synthesized, and the process that controls its delivery to cytoplasm is called posttranscriptional regulation.

Answer 13

Ch. 16.1 - Suppose the lacl gene is mutated so that the Lac...Ch. 16.1 - Answer the equivalent question for the trp operon:...Ch. 16.2 - What is the role of histones in gene expression?...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 2SB Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 1SB Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 2SB Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 1SB Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 2SB Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 1SB Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 2SB

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