BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305967359
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 16, Problem 1CT
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The validation of the values that have been obtained from experiments based on one inconsistent value.
Introduction:
Radioactive dating helps to establish the age of the sample based on its atomic composition, and it does not determine the age of a single atom but helps to evaluate the age of the quantity of the atom based on statistic data.
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Radiometric dating does not measure the age of an individual atom. It is a measure of the age of a quantity of atoms—a statistic. As with any statistical measure, its values may deviate around an average (sampling error, Section 1.8). Imagine that one sample of rock is dated ten different ways. Nine of the tests yield an age close to 225,000 years. One test yields an age of 3.2 million years. Do the nine consistent results imply that the one that deviates is incorrect, or does the one odd result invalidate the nine that are consistent?
A fossil is found to contain the radioactive parent and daughter isotopes uranium 235U, and lead 207Pb, in the ratio 12.5% to 87.5%. Assuming that no 207Pb was present when the fossil first formed, estimate the age of this sample.Please show some thought process and a therefore statement. Thank you very much, have a great day!
A paleontologist estimates that when a particular rock formed, it contained 12 mg of the radioactive isotope potassium-40. The rock now contains 3 mg of potassium-40. The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years. From this information, you can conclude that the rock is approximately ______________ billion years old.
Chapter 16 Solutions
BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
Ch. 16 - The number of species on an island usually depends...Ch. 16 - The bones of a birds wing are similar to the bones...Ch. 16 - Evolution _______ natural selection. a. is the...Ch. 16 - A trait is adaptive if it _______. a. arises by...Ch. 16 - In which type of rock are you more likely to find...Ch. 16 - True or false? Wrinkly textures in rock that...Ch. 16 - If the half-life of a radioisotope is 20,000...Ch. 16 - Did Pangea or Gondwana form first?Ch. 16 - Forces that cause geological change do not include...Ch. 16 - Through _______, a body part of an ancestor is...
Ch. 16 - Prob. 11SACh. 16 - A mutation that alters the embryonic expression...Ch. 16 - The last dinosaurs died _______ million years ago.Ch. 16 - All of the following data types can be used as...Ch. 16 - Match the terms with the most suitable...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1CTCh. 16 - If you think of geologic time spans as minutes,...
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- If the half-life of a radioisotope is 20,000 years, then a sample in which three-quarters of that radioisotope has decayed is _______ years old. a. 15,000 b. 26,667 c. 30,000 d. 40,000arrow_forwardRadiometric dating _______. has a substantial error factor can only be used for dating animal fossils can be used to date sedimentary rock, but not fossils is basedon the premise that each isotope decays at a constant rate is unpredictable because of changes in temperature and pressurearrow_forwardIn radiometric dating, scientists use the half-life of a radioactive isotope, to determine the approximate age of rocks, and the fossils that are embedded in them. Half-life is the time it takes for half of a radioactive element to become stable.Uranium 238 (238U) is a radioactive element that decays into Lead (206Pb) after 4.5 billion years. 6) Scientists found a fossil in a layer of rock that tested as 1/8th U and 7/8th Pb. What is the approximate age of the fossil? A) 562 million years old B) 4.5 billion years old C) 9 billion years old D) 13.5 billion years old Not Gradedarrow_forward
- 55: Radiometric dating ... Group of answer choices A: is based on the scientific observation that unstable “parent” isotopes decay into more stable “daughter” isotopes at a constant rate B: involves some event that initiates a radiometric clock, such as when a plant or animal dies (radiocarbon). C: has helped us determine that the Earth is roughly 4.54 billion years old. D: provides an accurate means of determining the age of materials that are very old. E: All of these answers are truearrow_forwardFact or theory? Organisms that look similar have been observed to have differences when preserved in rocks of different ages.arrow_forwardRadiometric decay of carbon-14 would be used in dating sedimentary rock. a trace fossil. an insect in amber. a fossil imprint. igneous rock.arrow_forward
- Which radioactive isotope or isotopes would you use to date each of thefollowing objects? Explain each of your choices. 4.) A fossilized trilobite recovered from a bed of sandstone that is about 500million years oldarrow_forward(e) If you collected a sample of water being ejected from Saturn's moon, Enceladus, you could examine it for isotopic signatures of life. Explain why this might not be definitive and describe one other way in which you could test a sample of this water for biological material.arrow_forward"Carbon 14 decays to carbon12. The half-life of the C14 isotope is 5730 years. 22920 years after an animal dies, ______ carbon 14 will have been replaced with carbon12 and only _____ will remain in a bone sample from the animals skeleton found by the archaeologists. " "More than 99 percent, less than 1 percent" "Three fourths (75 percent), one fourth (25 percent)" "15/16ths (94 percent), 1/16 (6 percent)" "62/64ths (97 percent), 2/64 (3 percent)"arrow_forward
- A scientist has a fossil that was found in a layer of rock close to Earth’s surface. He believes that the fossil is around 12,000 years old. Which method would best allow the scientist to confirm the actual age of the fossil? finding another fossil in a deeper layer of rock finding another fossil in the same layer of rock using carbon/nitrogen absolute dating using potassium/argon absolute datingarrow_forwardPart 1. Stratigraphic Dating: A Café Scene Relative dating methods establish the date of something as older or younger than something else rather than anchoring its age to an absolute, scaled timeline, as in absolute dating. So, we determine the sequence of at least two things (two events, two deposits, etc.) and establish what happened first, what happened next, and so on. In archaeology, relative dating relies on stratigraphy—what material is located above or below something else. The Law of Superposition tells us that material positioned underneath something else is usually older and material overlying a deposit is younger than the deposit, unless the layers have been disturbed. The photos that you will be shown depict a collection of items on a table: a cup, saucer, newspaper, and tickets. Imagine that these items are part of a single context such as a layer in an excavation and you want to determine whether they were deposited all at once as a single event or one after the other…arrow_forward+ FAlpQLSdhkT-CA8CXZZX-5utkvr4IY6K1qFdA05BqTWJIUboovIH-Cg/viewform?hr_submission%=DChkigLW74pgBEhA plder G Genetic drift- Wikip. A Algebra Foundatio. G Image result for sur. S Classwork How many total electrons can possibly fit into the fourth energy level (hint: the 4th energy level has s, p, d, and f orbitals) 2 8. 18 32 This is a required question In which block of the periodic table is Uranium (U) found? Choose How many valence electrons does calcium (Ca) have? *arrow_forward
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