Explain how each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1CC

Explain how each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Introduction:

The external features of prokaryotes are the evidence of the diversity in prokaryotes. The features are important in identifying prokaryotes as well as helping the organisms to survive in their environment.

Explanation of Solution

The characteristics that contribute to the success of prokaryotes are as follow:

Cell wall: A cell wall is present in all prokaryotes. This feature of prokaryotes enables them to live in wide range of environment. A physical environment and prevention of cell from brusting is provided by the cell wall. The cell walls are of two types: gram- positive and gram negative. The gram stains are used to identify the type of bacteria. The antibiotics are given according to the type of bacteria. The peptidoglycan layer is present in gram positive bacteria and is absent in gram-negative bacteria.
Capsule: A capsule in prokaryotes is a sheath like structure which provides the flexibility to the cell. It is a gel like structure that helps in sticking on to surfaces or other members within the colony and also helps in protecting the organism from attacks from the immune system of the host.
Flagella and fimbriae: Flagella are a mobile structure which can easily move the cell in response to nutrients. The flagella present on the cell may be scattered all over the cell or may be present only at the ends. Fimbriae are the hair-like projections present on the surface. The fimbriae on certain bacteria may attach to the sperm cell during sexual intercourse to facilitate travel into other tissues.
Endospores: These are the types of resident cells which are not killed even in boiling water. Some food canning industries can kill Clostridium botulinum which is a source of potential fatal disease called botulism.

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We will be starting a group project next week where you and your group will research and ultimately present on a current research article related to the biology of a pathogen that infects humans. The article could be about the pathogen itself, the disease process related to the pathogen, the immune response to the pathogen, vaccines or treatments that affect the pathogen, or other biology-related study about the pathogen. I recommend that you choose a pathogen that is currently interesting to researchers, so that you will be able to find plenty of articles about it. Avoid choosing a historical disease that no longer circulates. List 3 possible pathogens or diseases that you might want to do for your group project.

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1CC

Explain how each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Introduction:

The external features of prokaryotes are the evidence of the diversity in prokaryotes. The features are important in identifying prokaryotes as well as helping the organisms to survive in their environment.

Explanation of Solution

The characteristics that contribute to the success of prokaryotes are as follow:

Cell wall: A cell wall is present in all prokaryotes. This feature of prokaryotes enables them to live in wide range of environment. A physical environment and prevention of cell from brusting is provided by the cell wall. The cell walls are of two types: gram- positive and gram negative. The gram stains are used to identify the type of bacteria. The antibiotics are given according to the type of bacteria. The peptidoglycan layer is present in gram positive bacteria and is absent in gram-negative bacteria.
Capsule: A capsule in prokaryotes is a sheath like structure which provides the flexibility to the cell. It is a gel like structure that helps in sticking on to surfaces or other members within the colony and also helps in protecting the organism from attacks from the immune system of the host.
Flagella and fimbriae: Flagella are a mobile structure which can easily move the cell in response to nutrients. The flagella present on the cell may be scattered all over the cell or may be present only at the ends. Fimbriae are the hair-like projections present on the surface. The fimbriae on certain bacteria may attach to the sperm cell during sexual intercourse to facilitate travel into other tissues.
Endospores: These are the types of resident cells which are not killed even in boiling water. Some food canning industries can kill Clostridium botulinum which is a source of potential fatal disease called botulism.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1CC

Explain how each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Introduction:

The external features of prokaryotes are the evidence of the diversity in prokaryotes. The features are important in identifying prokaryotes as well as helping the organisms to survive in their environment.

Explanation of Solution

The characteristics that contribute to the success of prokaryotes are as follow:

Cell wall: A cell wall is present in all prokaryotes. This feature of prokaryotes enables them to live in wide range of environment. A physical environment and prevention of cell from brusting is provided by the cell wall. The cell walls are of two types: gram- positive and gram negative. The gram stains are used to identify the type of bacteria. The antibiotics are given according to the type of bacteria. The peptidoglycan layer is present in gram positive bacteria and is absent in gram-negative bacteria.
Capsule: A capsule in prokaryotes is a sheath like structure which provides the flexibility to the cell. It is a gel like structure that helps in sticking on to surfaces or other members within the colony and also helps in protecting the organism from attacks from the immune system of the host.
Flagella and fimbriae: Flagella are a mobile structure which can easily move the cell in response to nutrients. The flagella present on the cell may be scattered all over the cell or may be present only at the ends. Fimbriae are the hair-like projections present on the surface. The fimbriae on certain bacteria may attach to the sperm cell during sexual intercourse to facilitate travel into other tissues.
Endospores: These are the types of resident cells which are not killed even in boiling water. Some food canning industries can kill Clostridium botulinum which is a source of potential fatal disease called botulism.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1CC

Explain how each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Introduction:

The external features of prokaryotes are the evidence of the diversity in prokaryotes. The features are important in identifying prokaryotes as well as helping the organisms to survive in their environment.

Explanation of Solution

The characteristics that contribute to the success of prokaryotes are as follow:

Cell wall: A cell wall is present in all prokaryotes. This feature of prokaryotes enables them to live in wide range of environment. A physical environment and prevention of cell from brusting is provided by the cell wall. The cell walls are of two types: gram- positive and gram negative. The gram stains are used to identify the type of bacteria. The antibiotics are given according to the type of bacteria. The peptidoglycan layer is present in gram positive bacteria and is absent in gram-negative bacteria.
Capsule: A capsule in prokaryotes is a sheath like structure which provides the flexibility to the cell. It is a gel like structure that helps in sticking on to surfaces or other members within the colony and also helps in protecting the organism from attacks from the immune system of the host.
Flagella and fimbriae: Flagella are a mobile structure which can easily move the cell in response to nutrients. The flagella present on the cell may be scattered all over the cell or may be present only at the ends. Fimbriae are the hair-like projections present on the surface. The fimbriae on certain bacteria may attach to the sperm cell during sexual intercourse to facilitate travel into other tissues.
Endospores: These are the types of resident cells which are not killed even in boiling water. Some food canning industries can kill Clostridium botulinum which is a source of potential fatal disease called botulism.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Introduction:

The external features of prokaryotes are the evidence of the diversity in prokaryotes. The features are important in identifying prokaryotes as well as helping the organisms to survive in their environment.

Explanation of Solution

The characteristics that contribute to the success of prokaryotes are as follow:

Cell wall: A cell wall is present in all prokaryotes. This feature of prokaryotes enables them to live in wide range of environment. A physical environment and prevention of cell from brusting is provided by the cell wall. The cell walls are of two types: gram- positive and gram negative. The gram stains are used to identify the type of bacteria. The antibiotics are given according to the type of bacteria. The peptidoglycan layer is present in gram positive bacteria and is absent in gram-negative bacteria.
Capsule: A capsule in prokaryotes is a sheath like structure which provides the flexibility to the cell. It is a gel like structure that helps in sticking on to surfaces or other members within the colony and also helps in protecting the organism from attacks from the immune system of the host.
Flagella and fimbriae: Flagella are a mobile structure which can easily move the cell in response to nutrients. The flagella present on the cell may be scattered all over the cell or may be present only at the ends. Fimbriae are the hair-like projections present on the surface. The fimbriae on certain bacteria may attach to the sperm cell during sexual intercourse to facilitate travel into other tissues.
Endospores: These are the types of resident cells which are not killed even in boiling water. Some food canning industries can kill Clostridium botulinum which is a source of potential fatal disease called botulism.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Introduction:

The external features of prokaryotes are the evidence of the diversity in prokaryotes. The features are important in identifying prokaryotes as well as helping the organisms to survive in their environment.

Explanation of Solution

The characteristics that contribute to the success of prokaryotes are as follow:

Cell wall: A cell wall is present in all prokaryotes. This feature of prokaryotes enables them to live in wide range of environment. A physical environment and prevention of cell from brusting is provided by the cell wall. The cell walls are of two types: gram- positive and gram negative. The gram stains are used to identify the type of bacteria. The antibiotics are given according to the type of bacteria. The peptidoglycan layer is present in gram positive bacteria and is absent in gram-negative bacteria.
Capsule: A capsule in prokaryotes is a sheath like structure which provides the flexibility to the cell. It is a gel like structure that helps in sticking on to surfaces or other members within the colony and also helps in protecting the organism from attacks from the immune system of the host.
Flagella and fimbriae: Flagella are a mobile structure which can easily move the cell in response to nutrients. The flagella present on the cell may be scattered all over the cell or may be present only at the ends. Fimbriae are the hair-like projections present on the surface. The fimbriae on certain bacteria may attach to the sperm cell during sexual intercourse to facilitate travel into other tissues.
Endospores: These are the types of resident cells which are not killed even in boiling water. Some food canning industries can kill Clostridium botulinum which is a source of potential fatal disease called botulism.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

Introduction:

The external features of prokaryotes are the evidence of the diversity in prokaryotes. The features are important in identifying prokaryotes as well as helping the organisms to survive in their environment.

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The characteristics that contribute to the success of prokaryotes are as follow:

Cell wall: A cell wall is present in all prokaryotes. This feature of prokaryotes enables them to live in wide range of environment. A physical environment and prevention of cell from brusting is provided by the cell wall. The cell walls are of two types: gram- positive and gram negative. The gram stains are used to identify the type of bacteria. The antibiotics are given according to the type of bacteria. The peptidoglycan layer is present in gram positive bacteria and is absent in gram-negative bacteria.
Capsule: A capsule in prokaryotes is a sheath like structure which provides the flexibility to the cell. It is a gel like structure that helps in sticking on to surfaces or other members within the colony and also helps in protecting the organism from attacks from the immune system of the host.
Flagella and fimbriae: Flagella are a mobile structure which can easily move the cell in response to nutrients. The flagella present on the cell may be scattered all over the cell or may be present only at the ends. Fimbriae are the hair-like projections present on the surface. The fimbriae on certain bacteria may attach to the sperm cell during sexual intercourse to facilitate travel into other tissues.
Endospores: These are the types of resident cells which are not killed even in boiling water. Some food canning industries can kill Clostridium botulinum which is a source of potential fatal disease called botulism.

Answer 13

Ch. 16 - Explain how each of the following characteristics...Ch. 16 - Fill in the blanks on the phylogenetic tree (on...Ch. 16 - In terms of nutrition, autotrophs are to...Ch. 16 - A new organism has been discovered. Tests have...Ch. 16 - Which pair of protists has support structures...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6TYK Ch. 16 - Which of the following prokaryotes is not...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8TYK Ch. 16 - What characteristic distinguishes true...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10TYK

Explain how each of the following characteristics contributes to the success of prokaryotes: cell wall, capsule, flagella, fimbriae, endospores.

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