Problem 16.1QP: Write an equation for the ionization of hydrogen cyanide, HCN, in aqueous solution. What is the... Problem 16.2QP Problem 16.3QP: Briefly describe two methods for determining Ka for a weak acid. Problem 16.4QP: Describe how the degree of ionization of a weak acid changes as the concentration increases. Problem 16.5QP Problem 16.6QP: Phosphorous acid, H2PHO3, is a diprotic acid. Write equations for the acid ionizations. Write the... Problem 16.7QP Problem 16.8QP: Write the equation for the ionization of aniline, C6H5NH2, in aqueous solution. Write the expression... Problem 16.9QP: Which of the following is the strongest base: NH3, C6H5NH2, or CH3NH2? See Table 16.2. Problem 16.10QP: Do you expect a solution of anilinium chloride (aniline hydrochloride). C6H5NH3Cl, to be acidic or... Problem 16.11QP Problem 16.12QP: The pH of 0.10 M CH3NH2 (methylamine) is 11.8. When the chloride salt of methylamine, CH3NH3Cl, is... Problem 16.13QP: Define the term buffer. Give an example. Problem 16.14QP: What is meant by the capacity of a buffer? Describe a buffer with low capacity and the same buffer... Problem 16.15QP Problem 16.16QP: If the pH is 8.0 at the equivalence point for the titration of a certain weak acid with sodium... Problem 16.17QP: Which of the following salts would produce the most basic aqueous solution? a Ca(NO3)2 b Lil c KCl d... Problem 16.18QP: If you mix 0.10 mol of NH3 and 0.10 mol of HCl in a bucket of water, you would expect the resulting... Problem 16.19QP: Hydrogen sulfide, H2S, is a very weak diprotic acid. In a 0.10 M solution of this acid, which of the... Problem 16.20QP: If 20.0 mL of a 0.10 M NaOH solution is added to a 30.0-mL sample of a 0.10 M weak acid, HA, what is... Problem 16.21QP: Aqueous Solutions of Acids, Bases, and Salts a For each of the following salts, write the reaction... Problem 16.22QP: The pH of Mixtures of Acid, Base, and Salt Solutions a When 0.10 mol of the ionic solid NaX, where X... Problem 16.23QP: Which of the following beakers best represents a container of a weak acid, HA, in water? (Water... Problem 16.24QP: You have 0.10-mol samples of three acids identified simply as HX, HY, and HZ. For each acid, you... Problem 16.25QP Problem 16.26QP: You have the following solutions, all of the same molar concentration: KBr, HBr, CH3NH2, and NH4Cl.... Problem 16.27QP Problem 16.28QP: A chemist prepares dilute solutions of equal molar concentrations of NH3, NH4Br, NaF, and NaCl. Rank... Problem 16.29QP Problem 16.30QP Problem 16.31QP: You are given the following acidbase titration data, where each point on the graph represents the pH... Problem 16.32QP: The three flasks shown below depict the titration of an aqueous NaOH solution with HCl at different... Problem 16.33QP: Write chemical equations for the acid ionizations of each of the following weak acids (express these... Problem 16.34QP: Write chemical equations for the acid ionizations of each of the following weak acids (express these... Problem 16.35QP: Acrylic acid, whose formula is HC3H3O2 or HO2CCHCH2, is used in the manufacture of plastics. A 0.77... Problem 16.36QP: Heavy metal azides, which are salts of hydrazoic acid, HN3, are used as explosive detonators. A... Problem 16.37QP: Boric acid, B(OH)3, is used as a mild antiseptic. What is the pH of a 0.015 M aqueous solution of... Problem 16.38QP: Formic acid, HCHO2, is used to make methyl formate (a fumigant for dried fruit) and ethyl formate... Problem 16.39QP: C6H4NH2COOH, para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), is used in some sunscreen agents. Calculate the... Problem 16.40QP: Barbituric acid. HC4H3N2O3, is used to prepare various barbiturate drugs (used as sedatives).... Problem 16.41QP: A solution of acetic acid, HC2H3O2, on a laboratory shelf was of undetermined concentration. If the... Problem 16.42QP: A chemist wanted to determine the concentration of a solution of lactic acid, HC3H5O3. She found... Problem 16.43QP: Hydrofluoric acid, HF, unlike hydrochloric acid, is a weak electrolyte. What is the hydronium-ion... Problem 16.44QP: Chloroacetic acid, HC2H2ClO2, has a greater acid strength than acetic acid, because the... Problem 16.45QP: What is the hydronium-ion concentration of a 2.00 M solution of 2,6-dinitrobenzoic acid,... Problem 16.46QP: What is the hydronium-ion concentration of a 3.00 104 M solution of p-bromobenzoic acid,... Problem 16.47QP: Phthalic acid, H2C8H4O4, is a diprotic acid used in the synthesis of phenolphthalein indicator. Ka1... Problem 16.48QP: Carbonic acid, H2CO3, can be found in a wide variety of body fluids (from dissolved CO2). a... Problem 16.49QP: Write the chemical equation for the base ionization of methylamine, CH3NH2. Write the Kb expression... Problem 16.50QP: Write the chemical equation for the base ionization of aniline, C6H5NH2. Write the Kb expression for... Problem 16.51QP: Butylamine, C4H3NH2 is a weak base. A 0.47 M aqueous solution of butylamine has a pH of 12.13. What... Problem 16.52QP: Trimethylamine, (CH3)3N, is a gas with a fishy, ammonialike odor. An aqueous solution that is 0.25 M... Problem 16.53QP: What is the concentration of hydroxide ion in a 0.060 M aqueous solution of methylamine. CH3NH2?... Problem 16.54QP: What is the concentration of hydroxide ion in a 0.21 M aqueous solution of hydroxylamine, NH2OH?... Problem 16.55QP: Note whether hydrolysis occurs for each of the following ions. If hydrolysis docs occur, write the... Problem 16.56QP: Note whether hydrolysis occurs for each of the following ions. If hydrolysis doe occur, write the... Problem 16.57QP Problem 16.58QP Problem 16.59QP: For each of the following salts, indicate whether the aqueous solution will be acidic, basic, or... Problem 16.60QP: Note whether the aqueous solution of each of the following salts will be acidic, basic, or neutral.... Problem 16.61QP: Decide whether solutions of the following salts are acidic, neutral, or basic. a ammonium acetate b... Problem 16.62QP: Decide whether solutions of the following salts are acidic, neutral, or basic. a ammonium cyanate b... Problem 16.63QP: Obtain a the Kb value for NO2; b the Ka value for C5H5NH+ (pyridinium ion). Problem 16.64QP Problem 16.65QP: What is the pH of a 0.025 M aqueous solution of sodium propionate, NaC3H5O2? What is the... Problem 16.66QP: Calculate the OH concentration and pH of a 0.0025 M aqueous solution of sodium cyanide, NaCN.... Problem 16.67QP: Calculate the concentration of pyridine, C5H5N, in a solution that is 0.15 M pyridinium bromide,... Problem 16.68QP: What is the pH of a 0.30 M solution of methylammonium chloride, CH3NH3Cl? What is the concentration... Problem 16.69QP: Calculate the degree of ionization of a 0.75 M HF (hydrofluoric acid); b the same solution that is... Problem 16.70QP: Calculate the degree of ionization of a 0.22 M HCHO2 (formic acid); b the same solution that is also... Problem 16.71QP: What is the pH of a solution that is 0.600 M HCHO2 (formic acid) and 0.400 M NaCHO2? Problem 16.72QP: What is the pH of a solution that is 0.20 M KOCN and 0.10 M HOCN (cyanic acid)? Problem 16.73QP: What is the pH of a solution that is 0.10 M CH3NH2 (methylamine) and 0.15 M CH3NH3Cl (methylammonium... Problem 16.74QP: What is the pH of a solution that is 0.15 M C2H5NH2 (ethylamine) and 0.10 M C2H5NH3Br (ethylammonium... Problem 16.75QP: A buffer is prepared by adding 39.8 mL of 0.75 M NaF to 38.9 mL of 0.28 M HF. What is the pH of the... Problem 16.76QP: A buffer is prepared by adding 115 mL of 0.30 M NH3 to 135 mL of 0.15 M NH4NO3. What is the pH of... Problem 16.77QP: What is the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.10 M NH3 and 0.10 M NH4+? What is the pH if 12 mL of... Problem 16.78QP: A buffer is prepared by mixing 525 mL of 0.50 M formic acid, HCHO2, and 475 mL of 0.50 M sodium... Problem 16.79QP: What is the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.15 M chloroacetic acid and 0.10 M sodium... Problem 16.80QP: What is the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.10 M propionic acid and 0.20 M sodium propionate? Problem 16.81QP: What is the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.15 M pyridine and 0.10 M pyridinium bromide? Problem 16.82QP: What is the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.15 M methylamine and 0.20 M methylammonium chloride? Problem 16.83QP: How many moles of sodium acetate must be added to 2.0 L of 0.10 M acetic acid to give a solution... Problem 16.84QP: How many moles of hydrofluoric acid, HF, must be added to 250 mL of 0.25 M sodium fluoride to give a... Problem 16.85QP: What is the pH of a solution in which 15 mL of 0.10 M NaOH is added to 25 mL of 0.10 M HCl? Problem 16.86QP: What is the pH of a solution in which 35 mL of 0.10 M NaOH is added to 25 mL of 0.10 M HCl? Problem 16.87QP: A 1.24-g sample of benzoic acid was dissolved in water to give 50.0 mL or solution. This solution... Problem 16.88QP: A 0.400-g sample of propionic acid was dissolved in water to give 50.0 mL of solution. This solution... Problem 16.89QP: Find the pH of the solution obtained when 32 mL of 0.087 M ethylamine is titrated to the equivalence... Problem 16.90QP: What is the pH at the equivalence point when 22 mL of 0.20 M hydroxylamine is titrated with 0.10 M... Problem 16.91QP: A 50.0-mL sample of a 0.100 M solution of NaCN is titrated by 0.200 M HCl. Kb for CN is 2.0 105.... Problem 16.92QP: Sodium benzoate, NaC7H5O2, is used as a preservative in foods. Consider a 50.0-mL sample of 0.250 M... Problem 16.93QP: Calculate the pH of a solution obtained by mixing 25.00 mL of 0.19 M NH3 with 25.00 mL of 0.060 M... Problem 16.94QP: Calculate the pH of a solution obtained by mixing 35.0 mL of 0.15 M acetic acid with 27.0 mL of 0.10... Problem 16.95QP: Salicylic acid, C6H4OHCOOH, is used in the manufacture of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and methyl... Problem 16.96QP: Cyanoacetic acid, CH2CNCOOH, is used in the manufacture of barbiturate drugs. An aqueous solution... Problem 16.97QP: A 0.050 M aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen sulfate, NaHSO4, has a pH of 1.73. Calculate Ka2 for... Problem 16.98QP: A 0.10 M aqueous solution of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4, has a pH of 4.10. Calculate Ka2... Problem 16.99QP Problem 16.100QP: Calculate the base-ionization constants for PO43 and SO42. Which ion is the stronger base? Problem 16.101QP: Calculate the pH of a 0.072 M aqueous solution of aluminum chloride, AlCl3. The acid ionization of... Problem 16.102QP: Calculate the pH of a 0.10 M aqueous solution of zinc chloride, ZnCl2. The acid ionization of... Problem 16.103QP: An artificial fruit beverage contains 11.0 g of tartaric acid, H2C4H4O6, and 20.0 g of its salt,... Problem 16.104QP: A buffer is made by dissolving 12.5 g of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4, and 15.0 g of... Problem 16.105QP: Blood contains several acid base systems that tend to keep its pH constant at about 7.4. One of the... Problem 16.106QP: Codeine, C23H21NO3, is an alkaloid (Kb = 6 2 109) used as a painkiller and cough suppressant. A... Problem 16.107QP: Calculate the pH of a solution obtained by mixing 456 mL of 0.10 M hydrochloric acid with 285 mL of... Problem 16.108QP: Calculate the pH of a solution made up from 2.0 g of potassium hydroxide dissolved in 115 mL of 0.19... Problem 16.109QP: Find the pH of the solution obtained when 25 mL of 0.065 M benzylamine, C7H7NH2, is titrated to the... Problem 16.110QP: What is the pH of the solution obtained by titrating 1.30 g of sodium hydrogen sulfate, NaHSO4,... Problem 16.111QP: Ionization of the first proton from H2SO4 is complete (H2SO4 is a strong acid); the acid-ionization... Problem 16.112QP: Ionization of the first proton from H2SeO4 is complete (H2SeO4 is a strong acid); the... Problem 16.113QP: Methylammonium chloride is a salt of methylamine, CH3NH2. A 0.10 M solution of this salt has a pH of... Problem 16.114QP: Sodium benzoate is a salt of benzoic acid, C6H5COOH. A 0.15 M solution of this salt has a pOH of... Problem 16.115QP: Each of the following statements concerns a 0.010 M solution of a weak acid, HA. Briefly describe... Problem 16.116QP: Each of the following statements concerns a 0.10 M solution of a weak organic base, B. Briefly... Problem 16.117QP: A 0.288-g sample of an unknown monoprotic organic acid is dissolved in water and titrated with a... Problem 16.118QP: A 0.239-g sample of unknown organic base is dissolved in water and titrated with a 0.135 M... Problem 16.119QP: a Draw a pH titration curve that represents the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.10 M NH3 by the addition... Problem 16.120QP: a Draw a pH titration curve that represents the titration of 25.0 mL of 0.15 M propionic acid.... Problem 16.121QP: The equilibrium equations and Ka values for three reaction systems are given below.... Problem 16.122QP Problem 16.123QP: A 25.0-mL sample of hydroxylamine is titrated to the equivalence point with 35.8 mL of 0.150 M HCl.... Problem 16.124QP: A 25.00-mL sample contains 0.562 g of NaHCO3. This sample is used to standardize an NaOH solution.... Problem 16.125QP: A solution made up of 1.0 M NH3 and 0.50 M (NH4)2SO4 has a pH of 9.26. a Write the net ionic... Problem 16.126QP: A solution is prepared from 0.150 mol of formic acid and enough water to make 0.425 L of solution. a... Problem 16.127QP: An important component of blood is the buffer combination of dihydrogen phosphate ion and the... Problem 16.128QP: An important component of blood is the buffer combination of bicarbonate ion and carbonic acid.... Problem 16.129QP: Tartaric acid is a weak diprotic fruit acid with Ka1 = 1.0 103 and Ka2 = 4.6 105. a Letting the... Problem 16.130QP: Malic acid is a weak diprotic organic acid with Ka1 = 4.0 104 and Ka2 = 9.0 105. a Letting the... Problem 16.131QP: A quantity of 0.25 M sodium hydroxide is added to a solution containing 0.15 mol of acetic acid. The... Problem 16.132QP: A quantity of 0.15 M hydrochloric acid is added to a solution containing 0.10 mol of sodium acetate.... Problem 16.133QP Problem 16.134QP Problem 16.135QP: A 30.0-mL sample of 0.05 M HClO is titrated by a 0.0250 M KOH solution Ka for HClO is 3.5 108.... Problem 16.136QP Problem 16.137QP Problem 16.138QP: Calculate the pH of a solution made by mixing 0.62 L of 0.10 M NH4Cl with 0.50 L of 0.10 M NaOH. Kb... Problem 16.139QP: Cyanic acid, HOCN, is a weak acid with a Ka value of 3.5 104 at 25C. In a 0.293 M solution of the... Problem 16.140QP: The Kb for NH3 is 1.8 105 at 25C. Calculate the pH of a buffer solution made by mixing 65.1 mL of... Problem 16.141QP: Ka for formic acid is 1.7 104 at 25C. A buffer is made by mixing 529 mL of 0.465 M formic acid,... Problem 16.142QP: K4 for acetic acid is 1.7 105 at 25C. A buffer solution is made by mixing 52.1 mL of 0.122 M acetic... Problem 16.143QP Problem 16.144QP Problem 16.145QP Problem 16.146QP: Two samples of 1.00 M HCl of equivalent volumes are prepared. One sample is titrated to the... Problem 16.147QP Problem 16.148QP Problem 16.149QP: A solution of weak base is titrated to the equivalence point with a strong acid. Which one of the... Problem 16.150QP: A buffer solution is prepared by mixing equal volumes of 0.10 M NaNO2 and 0.10 M HNO2 solutions. a... Problem 16.151QP: The pH of a white vinegar solution is 2.45. This vinegar is an aqueous solution of acetic acid with... Problem 16.152QP: The pH of a household cleaning solution is 11.50. This cleanser is an aqueous solution of ammonia... Problem 16.153QP: What is the freezing point of 0.92 M aqueous acetic acid? The density of this solution is 1.008... Problem 16.154QP Problem 16.155QP: A chemist needs a buffer with pH 4.35. How many milliliters of pure acetic acid (density = 1.049... Problem 16.156QP: A chemist needs a buffer with pH 3.50. How many milliliters of pure formic acid (density = 1.220... Problem 16.157QP: Weak base B has a pKb of 6.78 and weak acid HA has a pKa of 5.12. a Which is the stronger base, B or... format_list_bulleted