Gradients in three dimensions Consider the following functions f, points P, and unit vectors u . a. Compute the gradient of f and evaluate it at P b. Find the unit vector in the direction of maximum increase of f at P. c. Find the rate of change of the function in the direction of maximum increase at P. d. Find the directional derivative at P in the direction of the given vector. 59. f ( x , y , z ) = 1 + sin ( x + 2 y − z ) ; P ( π 6 , π 6 , − π 6 ) ; 〈 1 3 ′ 2 3 ′ 2 3 〉
Gradients in three dimensions Consider the following functions f, points P, and unit vectors u . a. Compute the gradient of f and evaluate it at P b. Find the unit vector in the direction of maximum increase of f at P. c. Find the rate of change of the function in the direction of maximum increase at P. d. Find the directional derivative at P in the direction of the given vector. 59. f ( x , y , z ) = 1 + sin ( x + 2 y − z ) ; P ( π 6 , π 6 , − π 6 ) ; 〈 1 3 ′ 2 3 ′ 2 3 〉
Gradients in three dimensionsConsider the following functions f, points P, and unit vectorsu.
a.Compute the gradient of f and evaluate it at P
b.Find the unit vector in the direction of maximum increase of f at P.
c.Find the rate of change of the function in the direction of maximum increase at P.
d.Find the directional derivative at P in the direction of the given vector.
59.
f
(
x
,
y
,
z
)
=
1
+
sin
(
x
+
2
y
−
z
)
;
P
(
π
6
,
π
6
,
−
π
6
)
;
〈
1
3
′
2
3
′
2
3
〉
Quantities that have magnitude and direction but not position. Some examples of vectors are velocity, displacement, acceleration, and force. They are sometimes called Euclidean or spatial vectors.
EXAMPLE 3
Find
S
X
√√2-2x2
dx.
SOLUTION Let u = 2 - 2x². Then du =
Χ
dx =
2- 2x²
=
信
du
dx, so x dx =
du and
u-1/2 du
(2√u) + C
+ C (in terms of x).
Let g(z) =
z-i
z+i'
(a) Evaluate g(i) and g(1).
(b) Evaluate the limits
lim g(z), and lim g(z).
2-12
(c) Find the image of the real axis under g.
(d) Find the image of the upper half plane {z: Iz > 0} under the function g.
k
(i) Evaluate
k=7
k=0
[Hint: geometric series + De Moivre]
(ii) Find an upper bound for the expression
1
+2x+2
where z lies on the circle || z|| = R with R > 10. [Hint: Use Cauchy-Schwarz]
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