Gradients in three dimensions Consider the following functions f, points P, and unit vectors u . a. Compute the gradient of f and evaluate it at P b. Find the unit vector in the direction of maximum increase of f at P. c. Find the rate of change of the function in the direction of maximum increase at P. d. Find the directional derivative at P in the direction of the given vector. 56. f ( x , y , z ) = 4 − x 2 + 3 y 2 + z 2 2 ; P ( 0 , 2 , − 1 ) ; 〈 0 , 1 2 , 1 2 〉
Gradients in three dimensions Consider the following functions f, points P, and unit vectors u . a. Compute the gradient of f and evaluate it at P b. Find the unit vector in the direction of maximum increase of f at P. c. Find the rate of change of the function in the direction of maximum increase at P. d. Find the directional derivative at P in the direction of the given vector. 56. f ( x , y , z ) = 4 − x 2 + 3 y 2 + z 2 2 ; P ( 0 , 2 , − 1 ) ; 〈 0 , 1 2 , 1 2 〉
Solution Summary: The author explains how the gradient of f(x,y,z) is computed as follows.
Gradients in three dimensionsConsider the following functions f, points P, and unit vectorsu.
a.Compute the gradient of f and evaluate it at P
b.Find the unit vector in the direction of maximum increase of f at P.
c.Find the rate of change of the function in the direction of maximum increase at P.
d.Find the directional derivative at P in the direction of the given vector.
56.
f
(
x
,
y
,
z
)
=
4
−
x
2
+
3
y
2
+
z
2
2
;
P
(
0
,
2
,
−
1
)
;
〈
0
,
1
2
,
1
2
〉
Quantities that have magnitude and direction but not position. Some examples of vectors are velocity, displacement, acceleration, and force. They are sometimes called Euclidean or spatial vectors.
Consider the function f(x) = x²-1.
(a) Find the instantaneous rate of change of f(x) at x=1 using the definition of the derivative.
Show all your steps clearly.
(b) Sketch the graph of f(x) around x = 1. Draw the secant line passing through the points on the
graph where x 1 and x->
1+h (for a small positive value of h, illustrate conceptually). Then,
draw the tangent line to the graph at x=1. Explain how the slope of the tangent line relates to the
value you found in part (a).
(c) In a few sentences, explain what the instantaneous rate of change of f(x) at x = 1 represents in
the context of the graph of f(x). How does the rate of change of this function vary at different
points?
1. The graph of ƒ is given. Use the graph to evaluate each of the following values. If a value does not exist,
state that fact.
и
(a) f'(-5)
(b) f'(-3)
(c) f'(0)
(d) f'(5)
2. Find an equation of the tangent line to the graph of y = g(x) at x = 5 if g(5) = −3 and g'(5)
=
4.
-
3. If an equation of the tangent line to the graph of y = f(x) at the point where x 2 is y = 4x — 5, find ƒ(2)
and f'(2).
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