Human Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780805382952
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 9CYR
Which cells in the retina are depolarized in darkness?
a. Rods and cones
b. Bipolar cells
c. Retinal ganglion cells
d. All of the above
e. Only rods
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Choose the structure that corresponds to each statement. a. bipolar cell layer e. macula lutea b. central fovea f. optic disc c. cones g. photoreceptor layer d. ganglion cell layer h. rods 1. has the highest density of cones in the retina 2. axons form optic nerve 3. does not contain photoreceptors; blind spot 4. photoreceptor that allows us to see color 5. contains rods and cones 6. the center of the neural portion of the retina 7. photoreceptor used in night vision 8. rods and cones synapse on these cells
Which of the following statements is correct
A. The innermost layer of the retina contains mainly photoreceptors
B. The axons that form the optic nerve emerge only from ganglion cells.
C. Several types of ganglion cells spike whereas the others do not.
D. Two of the statements are correct.
E. All three statements are correct.
A bar of light in a specific part of the retina, with a particular length and orientation, is the most effective stimulus for a.retinal ganglion cells. b.lateral geniculate cells. c.simple cortical cells. d.complex cortical cells.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 15.1 - Compare and contrast the general and special...Ch. 15.1 -
2. Which structural type of nerve (spinal,...Ch. 15.2 - 1. Where is the olfactory epithelium located?
Ch. 15.2 - 2. What types of cells make up the olfactory...Ch. 15.2 - Describe the structure of an olfactory neuron.Ch. 15.2 - What happens in an olfactory neuron when an...Ch. 15.2 - How can humans detect such a variety of odors with...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 6QCCh. 15.3 - Where are taste buds located?Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 2QC
Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 3QCCh. 15.3 - Prob. 4QCCh. 15.3 - Prob. 5QCCh. 15.3 - 6. Which cranial nerves transmit taste sensation...Ch. 15.3 - 7. Which part of the brain is responsible for...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 1QCCh. 15.4 - Trace the path of tears as they travel from the...Ch. 15.4 - 3. Which two extrinsic eye muscles move the eye...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 4QCCh. 15.4 - 5. What are the functions of each component of...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 6QCCh. 15.5 - Prob. 1QCCh. 15.5 - Prob. 2QCCh. 15.5 - What is accommodation?Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 4QCCh. 15.5 - 5. What is the near point of accommodation, and...Ch. 15.5 - How are rods different from cones?Ch. 15.5 - Why are photoreceptors depolarized in the dark?Ch. 15.5 - How do rods hyperpolarize when light strikes them?...Ch. 15.5 - 10. What happens at the optic chiasma? What is...Ch. 15.5 - 11. What type of visual processing occurs in the...Ch. 15.6 - 1. What is the auricle?
Ch. 15.6 - What is the purpose of cerumen?Ch. 15.6 - 3. Where is the tympanic membrane located?
Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 4QCCh. 15.6 - What is the role of the pharyngotympanic tube?Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 6QCCh. 15.6 - What are the functions of the utricle, saccule,...Ch. 15.6 - How are the scala tympani, scala media, and scala...Ch. 15.6 - 8. What is the spiral organ, and where is it...Ch. 15.7 - 1. What physical properties determine the pitch...Ch. 15.7 - 2. What is the range (in hertz) of human...Ch. 15.7 - 3. Why is the force exerted on the oval window...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 4QCCh. 15.7 - Prob. 5QCCh. 15.7 - Prob. 6QCCh. 15.7 - Prob. 7QCCh. 15.7 - Prob. 8QCCh. 15.8 - How do static and dynamic equilibrium differ?Ch. 15.8 - 2. What role do the utricle and saccule play in...Ch. 15.8 - What role do they play in dynamic equilibrium?Ch. 15.8 - Prob. 4QCCh. 15.8 - 5. What are the three primary areas of the...Ch. 15 - Match the cell type with the correct stimulus....Ch. 15 - 2. The axons of the olfactory nerve terminate in...Ch. 15 - 3. Fill in the blanks: In an olfactory neuron, the...Ch. 15 - The primary olfactory cortex is located in the: a....Ch. 15 - 5. Which of the following statements is true...Ch. 15 - Match the taste with the chemical substance that...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7CYRCh. 15 - Prob. 8CYRCh. 15 - 9. Which cells in the retina are depolarized in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 10CYRCh. 15 - Each of the following statements is false. Correct...Ch. 15 - The axons from the nasal retina in the left eye...Ch. 15 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 15 - Explain how sounds of different frequencies are...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15CYRCh. 15 - Prob. 16CYRCh. 15 - Prob. 17CYRCh. 15 - 18. True or false: Hair cells in the spiral organ...Ch. 15 - 19. Which of the following is not part of the...Ch. 15 - 20. Fill in the blanks: In the ampulla of a...Ch. 15 - Stimuli from the inner ear regarding head movement...Ch. 15 - 1. Explain what would happen to your sense of...Ch. 15 - In which direction would you be unable to move...Ch. 15 - If a patient suffers visual impairment only in one...Ch. 15 - 4. Following a stroke, a patient lost vision in...Ch. 15 - When standing with your eyes closed, why do you...Ch. 15 - Why do you have the sensation that you are still...Ch. 15 - 1. Mr. Spencer suffers loss of taste sensation....Ch. 15 - Prob. 2AYKACh. 15 - Prob. 3AYKACh. 15 - Mrs. Flores is a 45-year-old female who suffered a...Ch. 15 - 6. Your 60-year-old patient, Mr. Guster, has...
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- Given these neurons in the retina:(1) bipolar cells (2) ganglionic cells (3) photoreceptor cellsChoose the arrangement that lists the correct order of the cells encountered by light as it enters the eye and travels toward the pigmentedlayer of the retina.a. 1,2,3 b. 1,3,2 c. 2,1,3 d. 2,3,1 e. 3,1,2arrow_forwardThis image is of the very back of the eye. Light would be coming in from the left towards the right side. WHich label indicates the photo receptor rod and cone cells? A. middle layer, red and green B. rods and cones are not in this image, they are much closer to the front of the eye ball C. far right side, purple and yellow D. far left side, grayarrow_forwardAt night, which type(s) of photopigment enable(s) you to discriminate the colors of neon signs and traffic lights? A. Rhodopsin B. Cone visual pigments C. Melanopsin D. Two of the abovearrow_forward
- Which of the following descriptions of photoreceptors in the eye is NOT correct? a. Cones are concentrated in the fovea of the retina and function to detect colours. b. Rods are concentrated at the periphery and function well in dim light. c. Rods are concentrated in the fovea of the retina and function well in dim light. d. Rods are sensitive to light and register black and white. Cones detect colours.arrow_forwardThe is the region of the eye that controls the amount of light that enters.a. cornea b. pupil c. lensd. fovea e. retinaarrow_forwardState the part of eye that constricts or dilates based on the amount of light in the environment. A. Cornea B. Iris C. Pupil D. Sclera Choose the correct order for the light transmission inside the eyes. A. Cornea → retina – lens → retina B. Cornea - pupil → lens → retina C. Lens → pupil → cornea → retina D. Pupil → cornea → lens → retinaarrow_forward
- Light resets the biological clock by a branch of the optic nerve, beginning with _____ and sending the input to _________. a. rods . . . the SCN b. cones . . . the SCN c. a mixture of rods and cones . . . the visual cortex d. ganglion cells that do not require input from rods or cones . . . the SCNarrow_forwardIn the retina are cones that are most sensitive to a particular color.Given this list of colors:(1) red (2) yellow (3) green (4) blueIndicate which colors correspond to specific types of cones.a. 2,3 b. 3,4 c. 1,2,3 d. 1,3,4 e. 1,2,3,4arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements explains why vision is less sharp in dim light than in bright light?a. Cones are more responsive in dim light.b. There are more rods than cones in the eye.c. Many rods converge on a single ganglion.d. The dilated pupil lets in more light than the lens can focus.arrow_forward
- _____ layer of the retina absorb light and prevent it from scattering in the eye while ______ layer of the retina contains rods and cones for transduction of light energy to create an image. A. neural, choroid B. sclera, vascular C. cornea, ciliary body D. pigmented, neural ________ provides the major internal reinforcement of the posterior part of the eyeball, and helps to keep the retina pressed firmly against wall of eyeball (formed ONLY before brith). A. macula lutea B. vitreous humor C. ciliary zonule D. aqueous humor What type of cells in the eye have axons leaving the retina via the optic nerve for vision? A. bipolar cells B. photoreceptors C. ganglion cells D. rods and conesarrow_forward____ provides the major internal reinforcement of the posterior part of the eyeball, and helps to keep the retina pressed firmly against wall of eyeball (formed ONLY before brith). A. macula lutea B. vitreous humor C. ciliary zonule D. aqueous humor What type of cells in the eye have axons leaving the retina via the optic nerve for vision? A. bipolar cells B. photoreceptors C. ganglion cells D. rods and cones In terms of eye reflexes, extrinsic eye muscles are responsible for medial eye movements that is essential for near vision. This movement is called _______ (both eyes are directed toward the near object viewed). A. visual acuity B. binocular vision C. depth perception D. convergencearrow_forwardChoose the structure that applies to each statement. More than one structure may apply to a statement, and a structure may be used more than once. a. basilar membrane f. hair cells k. spiral organ of Corti b. cochlear duct g. macula l. supporting cells c. crista h. otolithic membrane m. tectorial membrane d. cupula i. scala tympani n. vestibular membrane e. hair bundle j. scala vestibuli 1. receptor for hearing 2. receptor(s) that contain(s) hair bundles, hair cells, and supporting cells 3. components of macula 4. membrane separating the superior chamber of cochlea from cochlear duct 5. structure(s) that bend(s) stereocilia of hair cells 6. spiral organ of Corti sits on this membrane 7. equilibrium receptors 8. contains endolymph 9. contains perilymph 10. equilibrium receptor found within ampullae of semicircular canalsarrow_forward
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