Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960961
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 15, Problem 4P
To determine
The age of the meteorite.
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A sample from a meteorite that landed on Earth has been analyzed, and the results shows that out of every 1,000 nuclei of potassium- 40 originally in the meteorite, only 125 are still present, meaning they have no yet decayed. How old is the meteorite (in yr)? (Hint: see the figure below) (Note: The half life of potassium- 40 is 1.3 billion years.)
_______ yr
Explain the light emission by meteorite?
Re-order the numbers so the events occur in the correct order, with the oldest event as number 2, and
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2. Now at roughly 100% of present-day mass and the asteroid bombardment over, Earth begins
cooling and differentiating. As the outer layer of the Earth cools and solidifies, lighter elements
and compounds rise to the surface while the denser ones sink to the core
3. The now differentiated ice, gas, and dust of the solar accretion disc conglomerates together into
asteroids from gravity
4. "The Big Whack"
A Mars-sized protoplanet we call Theia collides with primitive Earth, adding even more energy
and mass
5. The Big Bang
6. As the early atmosphere cools, water vapor is eventually cool enough to condense into liquid
water, eventually covering the planet in an ocean
7. The debris from the collision of Earth and Theia produce a ring in orbit. This ring eventually
coalesces into the Moon, just as Earth coalesced from the solar accretion disc
8. A nebula…
Chapter 15 Solutions
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 15 - What produced the helium now present in the Sun’s...Ch. 15 - What produced the iron and heavier elements like...Ch. 15 - What evidence can you cite that disks of gas and...Ch. 15 - According to the solar nebula theory, why is the...Ch. 15 - Why does the solar nebula theory predict that...Ch. 15 - Prob. 6RQCh. 15 - If you visited another planetary system, would you...Ch. 15 - Why is almost every solid surface in our Solar...Ch. 15 - What is the difference between condensation and...Ch. 15 - Why don’t Terrestrial planets have rings like the...
Ch. 15 - How does the solar nebula theory help you...Ch. 15 - How does the solar nebula theory explain the...Ch. 15 - What does the term differentiated mean when...Ch. 15 - What processes cleared the nebula away and ended...Ch. 15 - Why would astronomically short lifetime of gas and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 16RQCh. 15 - What evidence can you cite that planets orbit...Ch. 15 - Why is the existence of “hot Jupiters” puzzling?...Ch. 15 - How Do We know? The evidence is overwhelming in...Ch. 15 - How Do We know? How can scientists know anything...Ch. 15 - If you could visit another planetary system while...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2DQCh. 15 - If the solar nebula hypothesis is correct, do you...Ch. 15 - If you observed the Solar System from the nearest...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2PCh. 15 - Prob. 3PCh. 15 - Prob. 4PCh. 15 - Prob. 5PCh. 15 - Prob. 6PCh. 15 - Suppose that Earth grew to its present size in 1...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8PCh. 15 - Prob. 9PCh. 15 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 15 - Why do astronomers conclude that the surface of...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3LTL
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Consider the differentiated meteorites. We think the irons are from the cores, the stony-irons are from the interfaces between mantles and cores, and the stones are from the mantles of their differentiated parent bodies. If these parent bodies were like Earth, what fraction of the meteorites would you expect to consist of irons, stony-irons, and stones? Is this consistent with the observed numbers of each? (Hint: You will need to look up what percent of the volume of Earth is taken up by its core, mantle, and crust.)arrow_forwardSuppose a new primitive meteorite is discovered (sometime after it falls in a field of soybeans) and analysis reveals that it contains a trace of amino acids, all of which show the same rotational symmetry (unlike the Murchison meteorite). What might you conclude from this finding?arrow_forwardWhat methods do scientists use to distinguish a meteorite from terrestrial material?arrow_forward
- Why is it more useful to classify meteorites according to whether they are primitive or differentiated rather than whether they are stones, irons, or stony-irons?arrow_forwardYou analyze a sample of a meteorite that landed on Earth and find 15/16 of a certain type of radioactive atoms have decayed into the corresponding daughter atom. Calculate the number of half-lives that have occurred.arrow_forwardIn what ways are meteorites different from meteors? What is the probable origin of each?arrow_forward
- What is the difference between a centaur and a NEO?arrow_forwardWhy are there no chondrules in achondritic meteorites?arrow_forwardThe iron meteorite that created Barringer Crater (Arizona) was 50 m in diameter. It caused a crater 1.2 km (1200 m) in diameter, that is, 24 times bigger than the impactor. Keeping in mind that the size of the crater depends on many factors, such as the type of rocks present in the area, estimate the approximate size of the impactor that produced Mare Serenitatis.arrow_forward
- If you stood on Earth during its formation, during which it captured about 1.6 ✕ 1011 particles per second, and watched a region covering 170 m2, how many impacts would you expect to see in an hour? (Notes: The surface area of a sphere is 4?r2. Hint: Assume that Earth had its current radius of 6,378 km.)arrow_forwardIf you stood on Earth during its formation, during which it captured about 1.5 x 10^11 particles per second, and watched a region covering 320 m^2, how many impacts would you expect to see in an hour? (Notes: The surface area of a sphere is 4pier^2. Hint: Assume that the Earth has its current radius of 6,378 km.) ______ impactsarrow_forwardYou analyze a sample of a meteorite that landed on Earth and find that 15 16 of a certain type of radioactive atoms have decayed into the corresponding daughter atom. Calculate the number of half-lives that have occurred. half-livesarrow_forward
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