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Conceptual Physical Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134060491
Author: Paul G. Hewitt, John A. Suchocki, Leslie A. Hewitt
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 15, Problem 3RCQ
To determine
The comparison of elements of the same group using electron dot structures.
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A carbon atom, with a half-full outer shell of electrons—four in a shell that can hold eight—readily shares its electrons with other atoms and forms a vast number of molecules, many of which are the organic molecules that form the bulk of living matter. Looking at the periodic table, what other element do you think might play a role like carbon in life forms on some other planet?
What results from an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms?
Which of the following elements would you predict to have properties most like those of silicon (Si): aluminum (Al), phosphorus (P), or germanium (Ge)? (Consult the periodic table.)
Chapter 15 Solutions
Conceptual Physical Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 15 - How many electrons can occupy the first shell? How...Ch. 15 - Which electrons are represented by an electron-dot...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3RCQCh. 15 - How does an ion differ from an atom?Ch. 15 - To become a negative ion, does an atom lose or...Ch. 15 - Why does the fluorine atom tend to gain only one...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7RCQCh. 15 - Suppose an oxygen atom gains two electrons to...Ch. 15 - Prob. 9RCQCh. 15 - Do metals more readily gain or lose electrons?
Ch. 15 - What is an alloy?Ch. 15 - What is a native metal?Ch. 15 - Prob. 13RCQCh. 15 - Prob. 14RCQCh. 15 - Within a neutral molecule, how many covalent bonds...Ch. 15 - Prob. 16RCQCh. 15 - Prob. 17RCQCh. 15 - Prob. 18RCQCh. 15 - Prob. 19RCQCh. 15 - How can a molecule be nonpolar when it consists of...Ch. 15 - Why do nonpolar substances boil at relatively low...Ch. 15 - Which is more symmetrical: a polar molecule or a...Ch. 15 - Why dont oil and water mix?Ch. 15 - Prob. 24RCQCh. 15 - Which is stronger: the ion-dipole attraction or...Ch. 15 - What is a hydrogen bond?Ch. 15 - Are induced dipoles permanent?Ch. 15 - Prob. 31TASCh. 15 - What is the electric charge on the calcium ion in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 33TASCh. 15 - Prob. 34TASCh. 15 - Rank these bonds in order of increasing polarity:...Ch. 15 - Prob. 36TARCh. 15 - Prob. 37TARCh. 15 - Prob. 38TARCh. 15 - Prob. 39ECh. 15 - Prob. 40ECh. 15 - How many more electrons can fit within the valence...Ch. 15 - Prob. 42ECh. 15 - What happens when hydrogens electron gets close to...Ch. 15 - Prob. 44ECh. 15 - Why does an atom with few valence electrons tend...Ch. 15 - Why is it so easy for a magnesium atom to lose two...Ch. 15 - Why doesnt the neon atom tend to lose or gain any...Ch. 15 - Why does an atom with many valence electrons tend...Ch. 15 - Sulfuric acid, H2SO4, loses two protons to form...Ch. 15 - Prob. 50ECh. 15 - Which should be more difficult to pull apart: a...Ch. 15 - Prob. 52ECh. 15 - Given that the total number of atoms on our planet...Ch. 15 - An artist wants to create a metal sculpture using...Ch. 15 - Two fluorine atoms join together to form a...Ch. 15 - How are metallic bonds similar to ionic bonds? How...Ch. 15 - What drives an atom to form a covalent bond: its...Ch. 15 - Atoms of nonmetallic elements form covalent bonds,...Ch. 15 - Prob. 59ECh. 15 - Prob. 60ECh. 15 - Write the electron-dot structure for the covalent...Ch. 15 - Prob. 62ECh. 15 - In each molecule, which atom carries the greater...Ch. 15 - Which is more polar: a sulfur-bromine (S-Br) bond...Ch. 15 - True or False: The greater the nuclear charge of...Ch. 15 - True or False: The more shells in an atom, the...Ch. 15 - Water, H2O, and methane, CH4, have about the same...Ch. 15 - In the figure on the next page, the molecule from...Ch. 15 - Prob. 69ECh. 15 - Three kids sitting equally apart around a table...Ch. 15 - Which is stronger: the covalent bond that holds...Ch. 15 - The charges with sodium chloride are all...Ch. 15 - Prob. 73ECh. 15 - Prob. 74ECh. 15 - Prob. 75ECh. 15 - A thin stream of water is pulled to a rubber...Ch. 15 - Prob. 77ECh. 15 - Prob. 1RATCh. 15 - Prob. 2RATCh. 15 - Which would you expect to have a higher melting...Ch. 15 - Why are ores so valuable? (a) They are sources of...Ch. 15 - In terms of the periodic table, is there an abrupt...Ch. 15 - A hydrogen atom does not form more than one...Ch. 15 - When nitrogen and fluorine combine to form a...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8RATCh. 15 - Prob. 9RATCh. 15 - Iodine, I2, has a higher melting point than...
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- What formal term is applied to (a) the horizontal rows of the periodic table and (b) the vertical columns?arrow_forward(application) You're comparing three different atoms. Atom A has 9 protons in the nucleus, Atom B has 10 protons, and Atom C has 11 protons. Explain each answer in detail. In each answer, include a diagram showing the number of electrons in each shell of the atom. a. Which atom would be least likely to react with other atoms? Why?arrow_forwardConsider these atoms: (a) fluorine, F; (b) phosphorus, P; (c) neon, Ne. Rank them, from smallest to largest, in terms of size.arrow_forward
- The smallest particle of any chemical element that can exist by itself and yet retain the qualities that distinguish it as that element is:arrow_forwardhow is the element carbon used with electrical components and devices?arrow_forwardWhich characteristic tells you an element is likely a non-metal? O Has a shiny/metallic luster Not a good conductor of heat/electricity Can be deformed without breaking O Is from the left side of the periodic tablearrow_forward
- Referring only to a periodic table, give the ionic charge expected for each of these representative elements. (Type your answ (a) Be (b) Kr (c) Li (d) P. (е) Te (f) CI (g) (h) Ba Need Help? Read Itarrow_forwardWhat are backscattered and secondary electrons? How do they form? In scanning electron microscopy, which type of electrons form an elemental composition-sensitive image and which ones form an image with high resolution? Why?arrow_forwardHow and why atoms form into crystalline structures?arrow_forward
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