Chapter 15, Problem 32RQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The diagram that shows an infant with patent ductus arteriosus.

Introduction: A ductus arteriosus is a condition in developing fetus in which a blood vessel connects the main pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. It is the channel through which the majority of the blood goes into the aorta.

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason why the majority of blood bypasses the lungs of the fetus.

Introduction: The blood in the pulmonary artery of the developing fetus bypasses the lungs and enters inside the aorta with the help of ductus arteriosus.

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The circuit having the higher resistance if the systemic side is greater than the pulmonary side of the circulatory system.

Introduction: The fetal bypass channel closes during the first day after the childbirth but remains open in majority of the cases.

d.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The side of the heart that is required to generate a higher pressure for overcoming resistance if the flow in systemic and pulmonary circulations is equal.

Introduction: The ductus arteriosus usually closes during the first day after, but in some cases, surgery is required for closing this patent ductus arteriosus.

e.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The direction of flow of blood through patent ductus arteriosus.

Introduction: About 4,000 babies in the United States maintain an open ductus arteriosus. This patent ductus arteriosus require surgery in such patients.