FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY - LL FD
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781119598022
Author: Voet
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 15, Problem 21E
Summary Introduction
To explain: The length of the products of the transketolase reaction when both substrates are five-carbon sugars.
Concept introduction: The alternative pathway of glucose oxidation is pentose phosphate pathway, which includes 2 phases: oxidative phase and non-oxidative phase. The principal products of the pentose phosphate pathway are ribose-5-phosphate and NADPH. At stage 3 of pentose phosphate pathway, carbon–carbon bond cleavage and formation occur, and it is catalyzed by transaldolase and transketolase.
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The preferred substrate is T because the enzyme half-saturates at 7.00 mM for T, but requires 28.0 mM for U, and 112 mM for S.
b
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The rate constant k 2 with substrate S is 9.60×107 sec-1, with substrate T, k 2 = 6.00×104 sec-1, and with substrate U, k 2 = 2.40×106 sec-1.
Calculate the catalytic efficiency with S, T, and U.
Catalytic efficiency with S =
Catalytic efficiency with T =
Catalytic efficiency with U =
Does enzyme A use substrate S, substrate T, or substrate U with greater catalytic efficiency?
Fumerase catalyzes the conversion of fumerate to malate.
fumerate + H2O ⇋ malate
The turnover number, kcat, for fumerase is 8.00×102 sec-1. The Km of this enzyme for fumerate is 5.00×10-3 μmol mL-1.
a
In an experiment using 2.00×10-3 μmol·mL-1, what is Vmax?
Suppose you wanted to make a buffer of exactly pH 7.00 using KH2PO4 and Na2HPO4. If the final solution was 0.18 M in KH2PO4, you would need 0.25 M Na2HPO4. Now assume you wish to make a buffer at the same pH, using the same substances, but want the total phosphate molarity ([HPO42−]+[H2PO−4]) to equal 0.20 M. What concentration of the Na2HPO4 would be required?
Chapter 15 Solutions
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY - LL FD
Ch. 15 - Prob. 1ECh. 15 - Prob. 2ECh. 15 - 3. The reversible reaction shown here is part of...Ch. 15 - 4. Step 4 of the pentose phosphate pathway...Ch. 15 - 5. The aldolase reaction can proceed in revere as...Ch. 15 - Prob. 6ECh. 15 - 7. Identify the intermediate in the...Ch. 15 - 8. The compound you identified in Problem 7 is a...Ch. 15 - 9. The pyruvate ? lactate reaction in animals is...Ch. 15 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 15 - 11. Why is it possible for the ?G values in Table...Ch. 15 - 12. If a reaction has a ?G0' value of at least...Ch. 15 - 13. Although it is not the primary flux-control...Ch. 15 - 14. What is the advantage of activating pyruvate...Ch. 15 - 15. Tumor cells, which tend to grow rapidly,...Ch. 15 - 16. The pyruvate kinase isozyme in cancerous cells...Ch. 15 - 17. Compare the ATP yield of three glucose...Ch. 15 - 18. If G6P is labeled at its C2 position, where...Ch. 15 - Prob. 19ECh. 15 - Prob. 20ECh. 15 - Prob. 21ECh. 15 - 22. Describe the products of the transketolase...Ch. 15 - Prob. 23CQCh. 15 - 24. The enzyme phosphoglucomutase interconverts...Ch. 15 - 25. You combine 0.2 g of yeast. 0.2 g of sucrose...Ch. 15 - 26. Nerve cells require a source of free energy to...Ch. 15 - Prob. 27CQCh. 15 - Prob. 28CQCh. 15 - 29. Consider the pathway for catabolizing...Ch. 15 - 30. Yeast take up and metabolize galactose, using...Ch. 15 - 31. (a) Describe how glycerol enters the...Ch. 15 - 32. Some organisms can anaerobically convert...Ch. 15 - 33. Explain why some tissues continue to produce...Ch. 15 - 34. Some bacteria catabolize glucose by the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 35CQCh. 15 - 36. For enzymes a–e in Problem 35, identify their...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1MTE
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