Auditing and Assurance Services, Student Value Edition (16th Edition)
16th Edition
ISBN: 9780134075754
Author: Alvin A. Arens, Randal J. Elder, Mark S. Beasley, Chris E. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 20RQ
To determine
Explain the concept of statistical results in terms of auditing.
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Identify the factors an auditor uses to decide the appropriateARO. Compare the sample size for an ARO of 10% with that of 5%, all other factorsbeing equal.
Evaluating Results: Classical Variables Sampling. Kyle Berry is using mean-per-unit estimation in the audit of Leonard’s inventory balances. Leonard’s inventory is recorded at $240,000 and comprises 1,200 different items. Berry determined a sample size of 120 items and performed the appropriate substantive procedures. Based on this sample, he determined the following:
Average audited value (per item)
$204
Standard deviation of audited values
$ 22
A summary of some additional parameters estimated by Berry follow:
Tolerable misstatement
$ 17,500
Expected misstatement
$ 7,500
Risk of incorrect acceptance
5%
Risk of incorrect rejection
10%
Required:a. What is Berry’s estimate of the audited value of Leonard’s inventory?b. Calculate the precision and precision interval for Leonard’s inventory. Provide a briefdescription of the meaning of the precision interval.c. What is Berry’s conclusion with respect to Leonard’s inventory balance?d. Using a risk of incorrect…
. STATEMENT 1: Random sampling is a selection method that aims to eliminate bias in the selection
process.
STATEMENT 2: Assume that the auditor wants to examine 50 sales invoice (sample size) from a
population of 2000 sales invoice, the sampling interval using haphazard selection is 40 (2,000/50).
A. Only Statement 1 is incorrect
B. Only Statement 1 is correct
C. Both statements are incorrect
D. Both statements are correct
Chapter 15 Solutions
Auditing and Assurance Services, Student Value Edition (16th Edition)
Ch. 15 - Prob. 1RQCh. 15 - Prob. 2RQCh. 15 - Prob. 3RQCh. 15 - Prob. 4RQCh. 15 - Prob. 5RQCh. 15 - Prob. 6RQCh. 15 - Prob. 7RQCh. 15 - Prob. 8RQCh. 15 - Prob. 9RQCh. 15 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 15 - Prob. 11RQCh. 15 - Prob. 12RQCh. 15 - Prob. 13RQCh. 15 - Distinguish between the TER and the CUER. How is...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15RQCh. 15 - Prob. 16RQCh. 15 - Prob. 17RQCh. 15 - Prob. 18RQCh. 15 - Prob. 19RQCh. 15 - Prob. 20RQCh. 15 - Prob. 21RQCh. 15 - Prob. 22.1MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 22.2MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 22.3MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 23.1MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 23.2MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 23.3MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 24.1MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 24.2MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 24.3MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 25.1MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 25.2MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 25.3MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 27DQPCh. 15 - Lenter Supply Company is a medium-sized...Ch. 15 - Prob. 29DQPCh. 15 - Prob. 30DQPCh. 15 - Prob. 31DQPCh. 15 - Prob. 32DQPCh. 15 - Prob. 33DQPCh. 15 - Prob. 34DQPCh. 15 - Prob. 35DQPCh. 15 - Prob. 36CCh. 15 - Prob. 37ICA
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- An auditor is determining the appropriate sample size for testing inventory valuation using MUS The population has 3,140 inventory items valued at Calculate the preliminary sample size. Select the formula, then enter the amounts and calculate the sample size. (Abbreviation used TM tolerable misstatement Enter amounts in the for (Click the icon to view the table for determining the confidence factor) Confidence Factor 4.33 TM as Percentage of Population Value 39.75 ECCEED Sample Sizearrow_forwardIn performing a test of controls for ABC, Inc., the auditor wants to know whether Sales order are approved before goods are picked, packed and shipped to customers. The CPAs has stipulated a Tolerable Deviation Rate (TDR) of 8 percent with a Risk of Assessing Control Risk too low of 5 percent. The CPA also anticipates a deviation rate of 2%. What type of sampling plan should the auditor use for this test? Attribute sampling Monetary samplingarrow_forwardMonetary Unit Sampling with IDEA: Determining Sample Size. Assume that your audit team has established the following parameters for the examination of ELM’s sales transactions: Risk of incorrect acceptance 10% Tolerable misstatement $311,711 (or 8% of the recorded balance of the transactions) Expected misstatement $77,928 (or 2% of the recorded balance of the transactions) Required:a. Use IDEA to determine the necessary sample size, given the above parameters.Parts (b), (c), and (d) are independent scenarios that affect the sample size in this example.b. Assume that your audit team has decided to increase their reliance on internal controland permit a corresponding increase in the risk of incorrect acceptance from 10 percentto 15 percent, which maintains overall audit risk at the same level. What is the necessarysample size, holding all other factors constant?c. Assume that your audit team has decided to reduce the level of tolerable misstatementfrom $311,711 to $233,783 (or…arrow_forward
- Please answer asaparrow_forwardIndicate whether you agree or disagree with the following statements and explain your reasoning. Joseph Cabana was explaining to Carl Metz how sampling risk works for the audit team: "Non- sampling risk is the risk that as auditors we will arrive at a conclusion that has nothing to do with sampling issues." Kendal Clarke was auditing the miscellaneous expense account. She decided to chose every transaction that had a value of $20,000 or higher. Kendal is performing a statistical sampling technique known as systematic selection. Melissa Wilson had concluded that control risk was low for her audit client. Therefore, she decided that the most appropriate audit strategy was a combined audit strategy.arrow_forwardUsing difference estimation, an auditor has taken a sample of 75 from a population's 25,000 items; that population has a book value of $125,000. She found that in her sample the average audited value was $4.50, while the average book value was $5.20. What is the estimated total audited value of the population? Multiple Choice $125,000. $107,500. $108,173. $112,500.arrow_forward
- Attributes Sampling with IDEA: Evaluating Sample Results. Based on a population sizeof 388 shipments, a 10 percent desired risk of overreliance, an expected population deviation rate of 1 percent, and a tolerable rate of deviation of 6 percent, the audit team selected asample of 58 items.In performing tests of controls, your audit team identified three shipments that were notsupported by an approved sales order and concluded that these represent deviations from thecontrol activity.Required:a. Use IDEA to determine the ULRD. What would the audit team’s conclusion be withrespect to the functioning of ELM’s control over the authorization of sales transactions?Part (b) is a set of independent scenarios that affect the evaluation of sample results.b. For each of the following numbers of deviations, use IDEA to determine the ULRD andprovide the audit team’s conclusion with respect to the functioning of ELM’s controlover the authorization of sales transactions.1. 0 deviations.2. 1…arrow_forwardAssume that an account with a recorded balance of $5,000 has an audited value of $3,000. By using monetary unit sampling, if the sampling interval is $1,500, the projected misstatement would bea. $600.b. $900.c. $2,000.d. $3,000.arrow_forwardSample Size Determination. Jule Phillips is examining the internal control of CowboyCompany and has identified the mathematical verification of sales invoices as an importantcontrol and decided to test this control. Based on a discussion with Cowboy’s management,Phillips determined that Cowboy Company’s employees were required to indicate their compliance with this control by writing their initials in an appropriate place on the invoice copy.Assume that Phillips established an acceptable risk of overreliance of 5 percent, anexpected population deviation rate of 3 percent, and a tolerable rate of deviation of 9 percent.Required:a. Using AICPA sample size tables, determine the appropriate sample size.b. Indicate how Phillips would assess the three parameters that are used to determine sample size (risk of overreliance, expected population deviation rate, and tolerable rate ofdeviation).c. Use the original parameters but now assume that Phillips is willing to increase the acceptable risk…arrow_forward
- Monetary Unit Sampling with IDEA: Determining Sample Size and Selecting Sample Items. Assume that your audit team has established the following parameters for the examination of ELM’s sales transactions: Risk of incorrect acceptance 10% Tolerable misstatement $389,638 (or 10% of the recorded balance of the transactions Expected misstatement $58,446 (or 1.5% of the recorded balance of the transactions) Required:a. Use IDEA to determine the necessary sample size, given the above parameters.b. What is the sampling interval? Show how the sampling interval can be arithmeticallydetermined from the sample size and the population size.c. Assuming a random start of 5,678, use IDEA to extract sample items from the population. List the transactions associated with the sample items selected by your audit teamfor examination. (Be sure to use “fixed interval extraction” and “high values in database”as options.)d. Describe how IDEA extracts sample items from the population of sales…arrow_forwardIn an MUS sample with a sampling interval of $5,000, an auditor discovered that aselected accounts receivable with a recorded amount of $10,000 had an audit valueof $8,000. If this is the only error discovered by the auditor, the projected error ofthe sample would be(1) $1,000. (3) $4,000.(2) $2,000. (4) $5,000.arrow_forwardMonetary Unit Sampling. Georgie Costanza, CPA, is auditing the accounts receivable of Vandalay Industries and is considering the use of MUS techniques. Costanza has a number of questions regarding the use of MUS and has asked you to provide answers to them. Required:a. Under generally accepted auditing standards, can Costanza use nonstatistical sampling inthe examination of Vandalay accounts receivable?b. What are the advantages to using statistical sampling in the audit?c. What are the risks associated with sampling, and to what type of losses do they exposeCostanza?d. How does Costanza establish the appropriate level of the risk of incorrect acceptance?e. Is Costanza permitted to specify that certain items be examined, or do all items need tobe randomly selected?f. How can Costanza increase the likelihood that the items in the sample are representativeof the population?g. Other than the dollar amount of the misstatements, are any other factors important forCostanza to consider with…arrow_forward
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