16-6 Answer true or false. te/7-Butylamine is a 3° amine . In an aromatic amine, one or more of the groups bonded to nitrogen is an aromatic ring. In a heterocyclic amine, the amine nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring. The Lewis structures of both NH 4 ~ and CH 4 show the same number (eight) of valence electrons, and the VSEPR model predicts tetrahedral geometry for each. There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formula CgH^N.

Question

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 15, Problem 1P

16-6 Answer true or false.

te/7-Butylamine is a 3° amine.

In an aromatic amine, one or more of the groups bonded to nitrogen is an aromatic ring.

In a heterocyclic amine, the amine nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring.

The Lewis structures of both NH₄~ and CH₄show the same number (eight) of valence electrons, and the VSEPR model predicts tetrahedral geometry for each.

There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formula CgH^N.

(a)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: tert-Butylamine is 30 amine, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of a tert-butylamine is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 1

In a tert-butylamine, the carbon atom is bonded to three methyl groups, while nitrogen is attached to only one carbon group. Therefore, the tert-butyl amine is a primary amine. Therefore, this statement is false.

(b)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement about the aromatic amine is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

If in an amine, the nitrogen is directly bonded to one or more aryl groups or aromatic rings, and then the amine is known as an aromatic amine.

For example, aniline is an aromatic amine, as it is attached to one aromatic ring benzene. The structure of aniline is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, the given statement is true.

(c)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: In a heterocyclic amine, the main nitrogen is the part of the ringis true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

In a heterocyclic amine, the carbon group of the ring structure is replaced by the nitrogen atom. For example, in pyridine, the nitrogen atom replaces one —CH group of the benzene ring.

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 3

Thus, the heterocyclic amine is an amine in which nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring. Therefore, this statement is true.

(d)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: The NH₄+ and CH₄have the same number of valence electrons and both have tetrahedral geometry as per the VSEPR model is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

The VSEPR (Valence-shell electron pair repulsion) model predicts the shape of the molecules or ions by identifying the position of atoms connected to the central atom.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory determines the shapes and the geometry of a molecule. In a CH₄ molecule, one carbon atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms with a single bond. In NH₄⁺, one nitrogen atom is singly bonded to four hydrogen atoms.

According to the VSEPR model, each bond represents a pair of electrons. Since both compounds have four bonds around the central atom, they contain eight valence electrons. Also, according to the VSEPR model, these four bonding regions are arranged in a tetrahedral manner so that they are as far away from one another as possible, giving the molecule a tetrahedral geometry. Therefore, this statement is true.

(e)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formulaC₃H₉N, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Constitutional isomers are those compounds which have same molecular formula, but they differ in the arrangement of atoms in the molecules.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The molecular formula is given as C₃H₉N. Therefore, the possible constitutional isomers for this molecular formula are given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 4

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 6

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 7

Thus, there are four constitutional isomers possible with the molecular formula C₃H₉N. Therefore, this statement is true.

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 15, Problem 1P

16-6 Answer true or false.

te/7-Butylamine is a 3° amine.

In an aromatic amine, one or more of the groups bonded to nitrogen is an aromatic ring.

In a heterocyclic amine, the amine nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring.

The Lewis structures of both NH₄~ and CH₄show the same number (eight) of valence electrons, and the VSEPR model predicts tetrahedral geometry for each.

There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formula CgH^N.

(a)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: tert-Butylamine is 30 amine, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of a tert-butylamine is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 1

In a tert-butylamine, the carbon atom is bonded to three methyl groups, while nitrogen is attached to only one carbon group. Therefore, the tert-butyl amine is a primary amine. Therefore, this statement is false.

(b)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement about the aromatic amine is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

If in an amine, the nitrogen is directly bonded to one or more aryl groups or aromatic rings, and then the amine is known as an aromatic amine.

For example, aniline is an aromatic amine, as it is attached to one aromatic ring benzene. The structure of aniline is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, the given statement is true.

(c)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: In a heterocyclic amine, the main nitrogen is the part of the ringis true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

In a heterocyclic amine, the carbon group of the ring structure is replaced by the nitrogen atom. For example, in pyridine, the nitrogen atom replaces one —CH group of the benzene ring.

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 3

Thus, the heterocyclic amine is an amine in which nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring. Therefore, this statement is true.

(d)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: The NH₄+ and CH₄have the same number of valence electrons and both have tetrahedral geometry as per the VSEPR model is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

The VSEPR (Valence-shell electron pair repulsion) model predicts the shape of the molecules or ions by identifying the position of atoms connected to the central atom.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory determines the shapes and the geometry of a molecule. In a CH₄ molecule, one carbon atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms with a single bond. In NH₄⁺, one nitrogen atom is singly bonded to four hydrogen atoms.

According to the VSEPR model, each bond represents a pair of electrons. Since both compounds have four bonds around the central atom, they contain eight valence electrons. Also, according to the VSEPR model, these four bonding regions are arranged in a tetrahedral manner so that they are as far away from one another as possible, giving the molecule a tetrahedral geometry. Therefore, this statement is true.

(e)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formulaC₃H₉N, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Constitutional isomers are those compounds which have same molecular formula, but they differ in the arrangement of atoms in the molecules.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The molecular formula is given as C₃H₉N. Therefore, the possible constitutional isomers for this molecular formula are given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 4

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 6

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 7

Thus, there are four constitutional isomers possible with the molecular formula C₃H₉N. Therefore, this statement is true.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 15, Problem 1P

16-6 Answer true or false.

te/7-Butylamine is a 3° amine.

In an aromatic amine, one or more of the groups bonded to nitrogen is an aromatic ring.

In a heterocyclic amine, the amine nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring.

The Lewis structures of both NH₄~ and CH₄show the same number (eight) of valence electrons, and the VSEPR model predicts tetrahedral geometry for each.

There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formula CgH^N.

(a)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: tert-Butylamine is 30 amine, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of a tert-butylamine is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 1

In a tert-butylamine, the carbon atom is bonded to three methyl groups, while nitrogen is attached to only one carbon group. Therefore, the tert-butyl amine is a primary amine. Therefore, this statement is false.

(b)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement about the aromatic amine is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

If in an amine, the nitrogen is directly bonded to one or more aryl groups or aromatic rings, and then the amine is known as an aromatic amine.

For example, aniline is an aromatic amine, as it is attached to one aromatic ring benzene. The structure of aniline is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, the given statement is true.

(c)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: In a heterocyclic amine, the main nitrogen is the part of the ringis true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

In a heterocyclic amine, the carbon group of the ring structure is replaced by the nitrogen atom. For example, in pyridine, the nitrogen atom replaces one —CH group of the benzene ring.

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 3

Thus, the heterocyclic amine is an amine in which nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring. Therefore, this statement is true.

(d)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: The NH₄+ and CH₄have the same number of valence electrons and both have tetrahedral geometry as per the VSEPR model is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

The VSEPR (Valence-shell electron pair repulsion) model predicts the shape of the molecules or ions by identifying the position of atoms connected to the central atom.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory determines the shapes and the geometry of a molecule. In a CH₄ molecule, one carbon atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms with a single bond. In NH₄⁺, one nitrogen atom is singly bonded to four hydrogen atoms.

According to the VSEPR model, each bond represents a pair of electrons. Since both compounds have four bonds around the central atom, they contain eight valence electrons. Also, according to the VSEPR model, these four bonding regions are arranged in a tetrahedral manner so that they are as far away from one another as possible, giving the molecule a tetrahedral geometry. Therefore, this statement is true.

(e)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formulaC₃H₉N, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Constitutional isomers are those compounds which have same molecular formula, but they differ in the arrangement of atoms in the molecules.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The molecular formula is given as C₃H₉N. Therefore, the possible constitutional isomers for this molecular formula are given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 4

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 6

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 7

Thus, there are four constitutional isomers possible with the molecular formula C₃H₉N. Therefore, this statement is true.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 15, Problem 1P

16-6 Answer true or false.

te/7-Butylamine is a 3° amine.

In an aromatic amine, one or more of the groups bonded to nitrogen is an aromatic ring.

In a heterocyclic amine, the amine nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring.

The Lewis structures of both NH₄~ and CH₄show the same number (eight) of valence electrons, and the VSEPR model predicts tetrahedral geometry for each.

There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formula CgH^N.

(a)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: tert-Butylamine is 30 amine, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of a tert-butylamine is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 1

In a tert-butylamine, the carbon atom is bonded to three methyl groups, while nitrogen is attached to only one carbon group. Therefore, the tert-butyl amine is a primary amine. Therefore, this statement is false.

(b)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement about the aromatic amine is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

If in an amine, the nitrogen is directly bonded to one or more aryl groups or aromatic rings, and then the amine is known as an aromatic amine.

For example, aniline is an aromatic amine, as it is attached to one aromatic ring benzene. The structure of aniline is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, the given statement is true.

(c)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: In a heterocyclic amine, the main nitrogen is the part of the ringis true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

In a heterocyclic amine, the carbon group of the ring structure is replaced by the nitrogen atom. For example, in pyridine, the nitrogen atom replaces one —CH group of the benzene ring.

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 3

Thus, the heterocyclic amine is an amine in which nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring. Therefore, this statement is true.

(d)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: The NH₄+ and CH₄have the same number of valence electrons and both have tetrahedral geometry as per the VSEPR model is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

The VSEPR (Valence-shell electron pair repulsion) model predicts the shape of the molecules or ions by identifying the position of atoms connected to the central atom.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory determines the shapes and the geometry of a molecule. In a CH₄ molecule, one carbon atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms with a single bond. In NH₄⁺, one nitrogen atom is singly bonded to four hydrogen atoms.

According to the VSEPR model, each bond represents a pair of electrons. Since both compounds have four bonds around the central atom, they contain eight valence electrons. Also, according to the VSEPR model, these four bonding regions are arranged in a tetrahedral manner so that they are as far away from one another as possible, giving the molecule a tetrahedral geometry. Therefore, this statement is true.

(e)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formulaC₃H₉N, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Constitutional isomers are those compounds which have same molecular formula, but they differ in the arrangement of atoms in the molecules.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The molecular formula is given as C₃H₉N. Therefore, the possible constitutional isomers for this molecular formula are given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 4

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 6

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 7

Thus, there are four constitutional isomers possible with the molecular formula C₃H₉N. Therefore, this statement is true.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

(a)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: tert-Butylamine is 30 amine, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of a tert-butylamine is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 1

In a tert-butylamine, the carbon atom is bonded to three methyl groups, while nitrogen is attached to only one carbon group. Therefore, the tert-butyl amine is a primary amine. Therefore, this statement is false.

(b)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement about the aromatic amine is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

If in an amine, the nitrogen is directly bonded to one or more aryl groups or aromatic rings, and then the amine is known as an aromatic amine.

For example, aniline is an aromatic amine, as it is attached to one aromatic ring benzene. The structure of aniline is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, the given statement is true.

(c)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: In a heterocyclic amine, the main nitrogen is the part of the ringis true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

In a heterocyclic amine, the carbon group of the ring structure is replaced by the nitrogen atom. For example, in pyridine, the nitrogen atom replaces one —CH group of the benzene ring.

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 3

Thus, the heterocyclic amine is an amine in which nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring. Therefore, this statement is true.

(d)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: The NH₄+ and CH₄have the same number of valence electrons and both have tetrahedral geometry as per the VSEPR model is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

The VSEPR (Valence-shell electron pair repulsion) model predicts the shape of the molecules or ions by identifying the position of atoms connected to the central atom.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory determines the shapes and the geometry of a molecule. In a CH₄ molecule, one carbon atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms with a single bond. In NH₄⁺, one nitrogen atom is singly bonded to four hydrogen atoms.

According to the VSEPR model, each bond represents a pair of electrons. Since both compounds have four bonds around the central atom, they contain eight valence electrons. Also, according to the VSEPR model, these four bonding regions are arranged in a tetrahedral manner so that they are as far away from one another as possible, giving the molecule a tetrahedral geometry. Therefore, this statement is true.

(e)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formulaC₃H₉N, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Constitutional isomers are those compounds which have same molecular formula, but they differ in the arrangement of atoms in the molecules.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The molecular formula is given as C₃H₉N. Therefore, the possible constitutional isomers for this molecular formula are given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 4

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 6

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 7

Thus, there are four constitutional isomers possible with the molecular formula C₃H₉N. Therefore, this statement is true.

Answer 8

(a)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: tert-Butylamine is 30 amine, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of a tert-butylamine is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 1

In a tert-butylamine, the carbon atom is bonded to three methyl groups, while nitrogen is attached to only one carbon group. Therefore, the tert-butyl amine is a primary amine. Therefore, this statement is false.

Answer 9

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer 10

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: tert-Butylamine is 30 amine, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer 13

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is false.

Answer 14

Explanation of Solution

The structure of a tert-butylamine is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 1

In a tert-butylamine, the carbon atom is bonded to three methyl groups, while nitrogen is attached to only one carbon group. Therefore, the tert-butyl amine is a primary amine. Therefore, this statement is false.

Answer 15

(b)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement about the aromatic amine is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

If in an amine, the nitrogen is directly bonded to one or more aryl groups or aromatic rings, and then the amine is known as an aromatic amine.

For example, aniline is an aromatic amine, as it is attached to one aromatic ring benzene. The structure of aniline is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, the given statement is true.

Answer 16

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer 17

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement about the aromatic amine is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer 20

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Answer 21

Explanation of Solution

If in an amine, the nitrogen is directly bonded to one or more aryl groups or aromatic rings, and then the amine is known as an aromatic amine.

For example, aniline is an aromatic amine, as it is attached to one aromatic ring benzene. The structure of aniline is given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 2

Therefore, the given statement is true.

Answer 22

(c)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: In a heterocyclic amine, the main nitrogen is the part of the ringis true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

In a heterocyclic amine, the carbon group of the ring structure is replaced by the nitrogen atom. For example, in pyridine, the nitrogen atom replaces one —CH group of the benzene ring.

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 3

Thus, the heterocyclic amine is an amine in which nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring. Therefore, this statement is true.

Answer 23

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer 24

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyse whether the given statement: In a heterocyclic amine, the main nitrogen is the part of the ringis true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more than one hydrogen atoms are substituted by an alkyl or aryl group.

The amines are categorized as primary, secondary or tertiary based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded directly to the nitrogen atom. Primary amine has only one carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. Similarly, secondary amines have two carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen, and tertiary amines nave three carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen.

Answer 27

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Answer 28

Explanation of Solution

In a heterocyclic amine, the carbon group of the ring structure is replaced by the nitrogen atom. For example, in pyridine, the nitrogen atom replaces one —CH group of the benzene ring.

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 3

Thus, the heterocyclic amine is an amine in which nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring. Therefore, this statement is true.

Answer 29

(d)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: The NH₄+ and CH₄have the same number of valence electrons and both have tetrahedral geometry as per the VSEPR model is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

The VSEPR (Valence-shell electron pair repulsion) model predicts the shape of the molecules or ions by identifying the position of atoms connected to the central atom.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory determines the shapes and the geometry of a molecule. In a CH₄ molecule, one carbon atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms with a single bond. In NH₄⁺, one nitrogen atom is singly bonded to four hydrogen atoms.

According to the VSEPR model, each bond represents a pair of electrons. Since both compounds have four bonds around the central atom, they contain eight valence electrons. Also, according to the VSEPR model, these four bonding regions are arranged in a tetrahedral manner so that they are as far away from one another as possible, giving the molecule a tetrahedral geometry. Therefore, this statement is true.

Answer 30

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer 31

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: The NH₄+ and CH₄have the same number of valence electrons and both have tetrahedral geometry as per the VSEPR model is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

The VSEPR (Valence-shell electron pair repulsion) model predicts the shape of the molecules or ions by identifying the position of atoms connected to the central atom.

Answer 34

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Answer 35

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory determines the shapes and the geometry of a molecule. In a CH₄ molecule, one carbon atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms with a single bond. In NH₄⁺, one nitrogen atom is singly bonded to four hydrogen atoms.

According to the VSEPR model, each bond represents a pair of electrons. Since both compounds have four bonds around the central atom, they contain eight valence electrons. Also, according to the VSEPR model, these four bonding regions are arranged in a tetrahedral manner so that they are as far away from one another as possible, giving the molecule a tetrahedral geometry. Therefore, this statement is true.

Answer 36

(e)

Expert Solution

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formulaC₃H₉N, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Constitutional isomers are those compounds which have same molecular formula, but they differ in the arrangement of atoms in the molecules.

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The molecular formula is given as C₃H₉N. Therefore, the possible constitutional isomers for this molecular formula are given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 4

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 6

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 7

Thus, there are four constitutional isomers possible with the molecular formula C₃H₉N. Therefore, this statement is true.

Answer 37

(e)

Expert Solution

Answer 38

(e)

Expert Solution

Answer 39

Expert Solution

Answer 40

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To analyze whether the given statement: There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formulaC₃H₉N, is true or not.

Concept Introduction:

Constitutional isomers are those compounds which have same molecular formula, but they differ in the arrangement of atoms in the molecules.

Answer 41

Answer to Problem 1P

The statement is true.

Answer 42

Explanation of Solution

The molecular formula is given as C₃H₉N. Therefore, the possible constitutional isomers for this molecular formula are given below:

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 4

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 6

Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 1P , additional homework tip 7

Thus, there are four constitutional isomers possible with the molecular formula C₃H₉N. Therefore, this statement is true.

Answer 43

Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 15.1QC Ch. 15.2 - Problem 16-2 Write a structural formula for each...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 15.3QC Ch. 15.3 - Problem 16-4 Select the stronger base from each...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 15.5QC Ch. 15 - 16-6 Answer true or false. te/7-Butylamine is a 3°...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2P Ch. 15 - Prob. 3P Ch. 15 - 16-9 In what way are pyridine and pyrimidine...Ch. 15 - Prob. 5P

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