Chemistry
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781264243709
Author: Chang, Raymond
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 15, Problem 15.68QP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: Strength of oxoacid depends upon electronegativity and oxidation number of central atom has to be explained.
Concept Introduction: Acid strength is determined by comparing with other acids. The ability of the acid to lose a proton determines its strength. If an acid completely dissociates in solution means it is strong acid. If an acid partially dissociates means it is weak acid.
Acid that contains oxygen is known as oxoacid. This has at least a single hydrogen atom which is bonded to oxygen, which can dissociate to give a proton and anion of the acid.
To Explain: How strength of oxoacid depends upon the electronegativity and oxidation number of the central atom.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
1.
Answer the questions about the following reaction:
(a) Draw in the arrows that can be used make this reaction occur and draw in the product of substitution in this
reaction. Be sure to include any relevant stereochemistry in the product structure.
+
SK
F
Br
+
(b) In which solvent would this reaction proceed the fastest (Circle one)
Methanol
Acetone
(c) Imagine that you are working for a chemical company and it was your job to perform a similar reaction to the
one above, with the exception of the S atom in this reaction being replaced by an O atom. During the reaction, you
observe the formation of three separate molecules instead of the single molecule obtained above. What is the likeliest
other products that are formed? Draw them in the box provided.
3. For the reactions below, draw the arrows corresponding to the transformations and draw in the boxes the reactants
or products as indicated. Note: Part A should have arrows drawn going from the reactants to the middle structure
and the arrows on the middle structure that would yield the final structure. For part B, you will need to draw in
the reactant before being able to draw the arrows corresponding to product formation.
A.
B.
Rearrangement
ΘΗ
2. Draw the arrows required to make the following reactions occur. Please ensure your arrows point from exactly
where you want to exactly where you want. If it is unclear from where arrows start or where they end, only partial
credit will be given. Note: You may need to draw in lone pairs before drawing the arrows.
A.
B.
H-Br
人
C
Θ
CI
H
Cl
Θ
+
Br
O
Chapter 15 Solutions
Chemistry
Ch. 15.1 - Identify the conjugate acid-base pairs for the...Ch. 15.1 - Which of the following does not constitute a...Ch. 15.1 - Write the formulas of the conjugate acid and...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 2PECh. 15.2 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 15.2 - Prob. 2RCFCh. 15.3 - Nitric acid (HNO3) is used in the production of...Ch. 15.3 - The pH of a certain orange juice is 3.33....Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 5PECh. 15.3 - Prob. 1RCF
Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 2RCFCh. 15.3 - Prob. 3RCFCh. 15.3 - Which is more acidic: a solution where [H+] =2.5 ...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 6PECh. 15.4 - Predict whether the equilibrium constant for the...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 15.4 - Prob. 2RCFCh. 15.4 - Prob. 3RCFCh. 15.4 - Prob. 4RCFCh. 15.5 - What is the pH of a 0.122 M monoprotic acid whose...Ch. 15.5 - The pH of a 0.060 M weak monoprotic acid is 3.44....Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 15.5 - Prob. 2RCFCh. 15.5 - The concentration of water is 55.5 M. Calculate...Ch. 15.6 - Calculate the pH of a 0.26 M methylamine solution...Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 15.6 - Consider the following three solutions of equal...Ch. 15.7 - An unknown organic acid has Ka = 5.6 106. What is...Ch. 15.7 - Consider the following two acids and their...Ch. 15.8 - Calculate the concentrations of H2C2O4, HC2O4,...Ch. 15.8 - Which of the diagrams (a)(c) represents a solution...Ch. 15.9 - Which of the following acids is weaker: HClO2 or...Ch. 15.9 - Arrange the following acids in order of increasing...Ch. 15.10 - Calculate the pH of a 0.24 M sodium formate...Ch. 15.10 - Prob. 14PECh. 15.10 - What is the pH of a 0.74 M solution of potassium...Ch. 15.10 - The diagrams shown here represent solutions of...Ch. 15.11 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 15.12 - Identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base in the...Ch. 15.12 - Prob. 1RCFCh. 15 - Define Brnsted acids and bases. Give an example of...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.2QPCh. 15 - Classify each of the following species as a...Ch. 15 - Write the formulas of the conjugate bases of the...Ch. 15 - Identify the acid-base conjugate pairs in each of...Ch. 15 - Write the formula for the conjugate acid of each...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.7QPCh. 15 - Write the formula for the conjugate base of each...Ch. 15 - What is the ion-product constant for water?Ch. 15 - Write an equation relating [H+] and [OH] in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.12QPCh. 15 - The pH of a solution is 6.7. From this statement...Ch. 15 - Define pOH. Write the equation relating pH and...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentration of OH ions in a 1.4 ...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentration of H+ ions in a 0.62 M...Ch. 15 - Calculate the pH of each of the following...Ch. 15 - Calculate the pH of each of the following...Ch. 15 - Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L...Ch. 15 - Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L...Ch. 15 - Complete the following table for a solution: pH...Ch. 15 - Fill in the word acidic, basic, or neutral for the...Ch. 15 - The pOH of a strong base solution is 1.88 at 25C....Ch. 15 - Calculate the number of moles of KOH in 5.50 mL of...Ch. 15 - How much NaOH (in grams) is needed to prepare 546...Ch. 15 - A solution is made by dissolving 18.4 g of HCl in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.27QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.28QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.29QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.30QPCh. 15 - Which of the following diagrams best represents a...Ch. 15 - (1) Which of the following diagrams represents a...Ch. 15 - Classify each of the following species as a weak...Ch. 15 - Classify each of the following species as a weak...Ch. 15 - Which of the following statements is/are true for...Ch. 15 - Which of the following statements is/are true...Ch. 15 - Predict the direction that predominates in this...Ch. 15 - Predict whether the following reaction will...Ch. 15 - What does the ionization constant tell us about...Ch. 15 - List the factors on which the Ka of a weak acid...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.41QPCh. 15 - Which of the following solutions has the highest...Ch. 15 - The Ka for benzoic acid is 6.5 105. Calculate the...Ch. 15 - A 0.0560-g quantity of acetic acid is dissolved in...Ch. 15 - The pH of an acid solution is 6.20. Calculate the...Ch. 15 - What is the original molarity of a solution of...Ch. 15 - Calculate the percent ionization of benzoic acid...Ch. 15 - Calculate the percent ionization of hydrofluoric...Ch. 15 - A 0.040 M solution of a monoprotic acid is 14...Ch. 15 - (a) Calculate the percent ionization of a 0.20 M...Ch. 15 - Use NH3 to illustrate what we mean by the strength...Ch. 15 - Which of the following has a higher pH: (a) 0.20 M...Ch. 15 - Calculate the pH of a 0.24 M solution of a weak...Ch. 15 - The diagrams here represent three different weak...Ch. 15 - Calculate the pH for each of the following...Ch. 15 - The pH of a 0.30 M solution of a weak base is...Ch. 15 - What is the original molarity of a solution of...Ch. 15 - In a 0.080 M NH3 solution, what percent of the NH3...Ch. 15 - Write the equation relating Ka for a weak acid and...Ch. 15 - From the relationship KaKb = Kw, what can you...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.61QPCh. 15 - Write all the species (except water) that are...Ch. 15 - The first and second ionization constants of a...Ch. 15 - Compare the pH of a 0.040 M HCl solution with that...Ch. 15 - What are the concentrations of HSO4, SO42 and H+...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentrations of H+, HCO3, and CO32...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.67QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.68QPCh. 15 - Predict the acid strengths of the following...Ch. 15 - Compare the strengths of the following pairs of...Ch. 15 - Which of the following is the stronger acid:...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.72QPCh. 15 - Define salt hydrolysis. Categorize salts according...Ch. 15 - Explain why small, highly charged metal ions are...Ch. 15 - Al3+ is not a Brnsted acid but is Al(H2O)63+....Ch. 15 - Specify which of the following salts will undergo...Ch. 15 - Predict the pH ( 7, 7, or 7) of aqueous...Ch. 15 - Predict whether the following solutions are...Ch. 15 - A certain salt, MX (containing the M+ and X ions),...Ch. 15 - In a certain experiment a student finds that the...Ch. 15 - Calculate the pH of a 0.36 M CH3COONa solution.Ch. 15 - Calculate the pH of a 0.42 M NH4Cl solution.Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.83QPCh. 15 - Predict whether a solution containing the salt...Ch. 15 - Classify the following oxides as acidic, basic,...Ch. 15 - Write equations for the reactions between (a) CO2...Ch. 15 - Explain why metal oxides tend to be basic if the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.88QPCh. 15 - Zn(OH)2 is an amphoteric hydroxide. Write balanced...Ch. 15 - Al(OH)3 is an insoluble compound. It dissolves in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.91QPCh. 15 - In terms of orbitals and electron arrangements,...Ch. 15 - Classify each of the following species as a Lewis...Ch. 15 - Describe the following reaction in terms of the...Ch. 15 - Which would be considered a stronger Lewis acid:...Ch. 15 - All Brnsted acids are Lewis acids, but the reverse...Ch. 15 - Determine the concentration of a NaNO2 solution...Ch. 15 - Determine the concentration of a NH4Cl solution...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.99QPCh. 15 - A typical reaction between an antacid and the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.101QPCh. 15 - The pH of a 0.0642 M solution of a monoprotic acid...Ch. 15 - Like water, liquid ammonia undergoes...Ch. 15 - HA and HB are both weak acids although HB is the...Ch. 15 - A solution contains a weak monoprotic acid HA and...Ch. 15 - The three common chromium oxides are CrO, Cr2O3,...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.107QPCh. 15 - Use the data in Table 15.3 to calculate the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.109QPCh. 15 - Calculate the pH of a 0.20 M ammonium acetate...Ch. 15 - Novocaine, used as a local anesthetic by dentists,...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.112QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.113QPCh. 15 - The ion product of D2O is 1.35 1015 at 25C. (a)...Ch. 15 - Give an example of the following: (a) a weak acid...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.116QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.117QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.118QPCh. 15 - When chlorine reacts with water, the resulting...Ch. 15 - When the concentration of a strong acid is not...Ch. 15 - Calculate the pH of a 2.00 M NH4CN solution.Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentrations of all species in a...Ch. 15 - Identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base that lead...Ch. 15 - Very concentrated NaOH solutions should not be...Ch. 15 - In the vapor phase, acetic acid molecules...Ch. 15 - Calculate the concentrations of all the species in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.127QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.128QPCh. 15 - How many grams of NaCN would you need to dissolve...Ch. 15 - A solution of formic acid (HCOOH) has a pH of...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.131QPCh. 15 - A 1.87-g sample of Mg reacts with 80.0 mL of a HCl...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.133QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.134QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.135QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.136QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.137QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.138QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.139QPCh. 15 - The atmospheric sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentration...Ch. 15 - Calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2] is used as a...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.142QPCh. 15 - About half of the hydrochloric acid produced...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.144QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.145QPCh. 15 - How many milliliters of a strong monoprotic acid...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.147QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.148QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.149QPCh. 15 - A 1.294-g sample of a metal carbonate (MCO3) is...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.151QPCh. 15 - Calculate the pH of a solution that is 1.00 M HCN...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.153QPCh. 15 - Use the vant Hoff equation (see Problem 14.119.)...Ch. 15 - At 28C and 0.982 atm, gaseous compound HA has a...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.156QPCh. 15 - Calculate the pH of a 0.20 M NaHCO3...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.158QPCh. 15 - In this chapter, HCl, HBr, and HI are all listed...Ch. 15 - Use the data in Appendix 2 to calculate the for...Ch. 15 - Malonic acid [CH2(COOH)2] is a diprotic acid....Ch. 15 - Look up the contents of a Tums tablet. How many...Ch. 15 - Phosphorous acid, H3PO3(aq), is a diprotic acid...Ch. 15 - Chicken egg shells are composed primarily of...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 4. For the reactions below, draw the expected product. Be sure to indicate relevant stereochemistry or formal charges in the product structure. a) CI, H e b) H lux ligh Br 'Harrow_forwardArrange the solutions in order of increasing acidity. (Note that K (HF) = 6.8 x 10 and K (NH3) = 1.8 × 10-5) Rank solutions from least acidity to greatest acidity. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. ▸ View Available Hint(s) Least acidity NH&F NaBr NaOH NH,Br NaCIO Reset Greatest acidityarrow_forward1. Consider the following molecular-level diagrams of a titration. O-HA molecule -Aion °° о ° (a) о (b) (c) (d) a. Which diagram best illustrates the microscopic representation for the EQUIVALENCE POINT in a titration of a weak acid (HA) with sodium. hydroxide? (e)arrow_forward
- Answers to the remaining 6 questions will be hand-drawn on paper and submitted as a single file upload below: Review of this week's reaction: H₂NCN (cyanamide) + CH3NHCH2COOH (sarcosine) + NaCl, NH4OH, H₂O ---> H₂NC(=NH)N(CH3)CH2COOH (creatine) Q7. Draw by hand the reaction of creatine synthesis listed above using line structures without showing the Cs and some of the Hs, but include the lone pairs of electrons wherever they apply. (4 pts) Q8. Considering the Zwitterion form of an amino acid, draw the Zwitterion form of Creatine. (2 pts) Q9. Explain with drawing why the C-N bond shown in creatine structure below can or cannot rotate. (3 pts) NH2(C=NH)-N(CH)CH2COOH This bond Q10. Draw two tautomers of creatine using line structures. (Note: this question is valid because problem Q9 is valid). (4 pts) Q11. Mechanism. After seeing and understanding the mechanism of creatine synthesis, students should be ready to understand the first half of one of the Grignard reactions presented in a past…arrow_forwardPropose a synthesis pathway for the following transformations. b) c) d)arrow_forwardThe rate coefficient of the gas-phase reaction 2 NO2 + O3 → N2O5 + O2 is 2.0x104 mol–1 dm3 s–1 at 300 K. Indicate whether the order of the reaction is 0, 1, or 2.arrow_forward
- 8. Draw all the resonance forms for each of the following molecules or ions, and indicate the major contributor in each case, or if they are equivalent. (4.5 pts) (a) PH2 سمةarrow_forward3. Assign absolute configuration (Rors) to each chirality center. a. H Nitz C. он b. 0 H-C. C H 7 C. ་-4 917-417 refs H 1つ ८ ડુ d. Но f. -2- 01 Ho -OH 2HNarrow_forwardHow many signals do you expect in the H NMR spectrum for this molecule? Br Br Write the answer below. Also, in each of the drawing areas below is a copy of the molecule, with Hs shown. In each copy, one of the H atoms is colored red. Highlight in red all other H atoms that would contribute to the same signal as the H already highlighted red. Note for advanced students: In this question, any multiplet is counted as one signal. Number of signals in the 'H NMR spectrum. For the molecule in the top drawing area, highlight in red any other H atoms that will contribute to the same signal as the H atom already highlighted red. If no other H atoms will contribute, check the box at right. No additional Hs to color in top molecule For the molecule in the bottom drawing area, highlight in red any other H atoms that will contribute to the same signal as the H atom already highlighted red. If no other H atoms will contribute, check the box at right. No additional Hs to color in bottom moleculearrow_forward
- In the drawing area below, draw the major products of this organic reaction: 1. NaOH ? 2. CH3Br If there are no major products, because nothing much will happen to the reactant under these reaction conditions, check the box under the drawing area instead. No reaction. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ☐ : A คarrow_forwardPredict the major products of the following organic reaction: NC Δ ? Some important Notes: • Draw the major product, or products, of the reaction in the drawing area below. • If there aren't any products, because no reaction will take place, check the box below the drawing area instead. • Be sure to draw bonds carefully to show important geometric relationships between substituents. Note: if your answer contains a complicated ring structure, you must use one of the molecular fragment stamps (available in the menu at right) to enter the ring structure. You can add any substituents using the pencil tool in the usual way. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Х аarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction. Be sure you use dash and wedge bonds to show stereochemistry where it's important. + ☑ OH 1. TsCl, py .... 文 P 2. t-BuO K Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079250
Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher:Cengage Learning
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285853918
Author:H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305960060
Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Modern Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:Cengage Learning
General Chemistry | Acids & Bases; Author: Ninja Nerd;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOr_5tbgfQ0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY