
Concept explainers
(a) Calculate the percent ionization of a 0.20 M solution of the monoprotic acetylsalic acid (aspirin) for which Ka=3.0 × 10−4. (b) The pH of gastric juice in the stomach of certain individual is 1.00. After a few aspirin tablets have been swallowed, the concentration of acetylsalicylic acid in the stomach is 0.20 M. Calculate the percent ionization of the acid under these conditions. What effect does the nonionized acid has on the membranes lining the stomach? (Hint: See the Chemistry in Action essay “Antacids and the pH Balance in Your Stomach” in Section 15.12.)
(a)

Interpretation:
The percent ionization of the given
Concept Information:
Acid ionization constant
Acids ionize in water. Strong acids ionize completely whereas weak acids ionize to some limited extent.
The degree to which a weak acid ionizes depends on the concentration of the acid and the equilibrium constant for the ionization.
The ionization of a weak acid
The equilibrium expression for the above reaction is given below.
Where,
Percent ionization:
A quantitative measure of the degree of ionization is percent ionization.
For a weak, monoprotic acid
Answer to Problem 15.50QP
The percent ionization of given
Explanation of Solution
From the given concentrations of acetylsalicylic acid solution and its
Then the percent ionization can be calculated from the obtained hydrogen ion concentration as follows,
Construct an equilibrium table and express the equilibrium concentration of each species in terms of
The
Assuming that x is small compared to
The percent ionization can be calculated as follows,
Therefore, the percent ionization of given
(b)

Interpretation:
The percent ionization of acetylsalicylic acid solution under the given condition has to be calculated.
Concept Information:
Acid ionization constant
Acids ionize in water. Strong acids ionize completely whereas weak acids ionize to some limited extent.
The degree to which a weak acid ionizes depends on the concentration of the acid and the equilibrium constant for the ionization.
The ionization of a weak acid
The equilibrium expression for the above reaction is given below.
Where,
Percent ionization:
A quantitative measure of the degree of ionization is percent ionization.
For a weak, monoprotic acid
pH of a solution is the negative of the base
Answer to Problem 15.50QP
The percent ionization of acetylsalicylic acid solution under given condition is
Explanation of Solution
Given,
The pH of gastric juice in the stomach of a certain individual is
The concentration of
According to the Lechatelier’s principle, the position of equilibrium is shifted in the direction of the unionized acid.
Constructing an equilibrium table using the known equilibrium concentration of each species as follows,
The
Assuming that
The percent ionization can be calculated as follows,
The percent ionization of acetylsalicylic acid solution under given condition is
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Chapter 15 Solutions
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