Chapter 15, Problem 15.37SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The resonance forms of pentadienyl radical to show the three carbon atoms that bear unpaired electron are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one place to another is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of compound more will its stability.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of molecular orbitals in the molecular orbital picture of pentadienyl radical is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Molecular orbital diagrams are used for determining the bonding in molecules using linear combination of atomic orbitals. The number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that combine with each other.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of nodes presents in lower-energy molecular orbital and highest-energy molecular orbital of pentadienyl radical is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Molecular orbital diagrams are used for determining the bonding in molecules using linear combination of atomic orbitals. The number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that combine with each other.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecular orbitals of pentadienyl system in order of increasing energy are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Molecular orbital diagrams are used for determining the bonding in molecules using linear combination of atomic orbitals. The number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that combine with each other.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of electrons present in each molecular orbital of pentadienyl radical is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Molecular orbital diagrams are used for determining the bonding in molecules using linear combination of atomic orbitals. The number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that combine with each other.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation to show that molecular orbital picture agrees with the resonance picture that shows the delocalization of unpaired electron on the three carbon atoms is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Molecular orbital diagrams are used for determining the bonding in molecules using linear combination of atomic orbitals. The number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that combine with each other.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The carbon atoms that share the positive charge and the picture agree with the resonance structure or not are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Molecular orbital diagrams are used for determining the bonding in molecules using linear combination of atomic orbitals. The number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that combine with each other.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The carbon atoms that share the positive charge and the picture agree with the resonance structure or not are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Molecular orbital diagrams are used for determining the bonding in molecules using linear combination of atomic orbitals. The number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that combine with each other.