Chapter 15, Problem 15.11P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reagents to bring about the synthesis of the given compound from cyclohexane have to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Retrosynthesis: The synthesizing a target molecule a synthetic route must be designed to give a pure sample of the target molecule using a convenient and efficient method. 

A logical approach for designing organic synthesis which involves breaking down of the target molecule into available starting materials by imaginary breaking of bonds ( Disconnection) and or by functional group interconversions (FGI) is known as disconnection approach or retrosynthetic analysis or retrosynthesis or synthesis backwards

Grignard reagent: Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides ($RMgX$) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond.

Synthesis of Grignard reagent is shown below,

$\underset{Alkyl/arylhalide}{R-X}+Mg\stackrel{Ether}{\to }\underset{Grignardreagent}{RMgX}$

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of π-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

Nucleophiles: A nucleophile is a more reactant species that affords a pair of electrons to the electrophile or electrophilic center and forms a new covalent bond. The carbon or other hetero atom in a molecule which is bearing negative charge or lone pair of electron is called as nucleophiles.

Ring-opening of epoxide: The epoxide is an electrophilic functional group and attacked by a Nucleophile at the less substituted carbon via ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ process.

Stereoisomers are isomeric molecules that have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms but differ in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space.