Applied Physics (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134159386
Author: Dale Ewen, Neill Schurter, Erik Gundersen
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14.4, Problem 1P
Find Q for each material.
1. Steel, w=3.00 lb, ∆T=500‑°:F, Q=_____Btu
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Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
■ Review | Constants
A cylinder with a movable piston contains 3.75 mol
of N2 gas (assumed to behave like an ideal gas).
Part A
The N2 is heated at constant volume until 1553 J of heat have been added. Calculate the change in
temperature.
ΜΕ ΑΣΦ
AT =
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Part B
?
K
Suppose the same amount of heat is added to the N2, but this time the gas is allowed to expand while
remaining at constant pressure. Calculate the temperature change.
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4. I've assembled the following assortment of point charges (-4 μC, +6 μC, and +3 μC)
into a rectangle, bringing them together from an initial situation where they were all
an infinite distance away from each other. Find the electric potential at point "A"
(marked by the X) and tell me how much work it would require to bring a +10.0 μC
charge to point A if it started an infinite distance away (assume that the other three
charges remains fixed).
300 mm
-4 UC
"A"
0.400 mm
+6 UC
+3 UC
5. It's Friday night, and you've got big party plans. What will you do? Why, make a
capacitor, of course! You use aluminum foil as the plates, and since a standard roll of
aluminum foil is 30.5 cm wide you make the plates of your capacitor each 30.5 cm by
30.5 cm. You separate the plates with regular paper, which has a thickness of 0.125
mm and a dielectric constant of 3.7. What is the capacitance of your capacitor? If
you connect it to a 12 V battery, how much charge is stored on either plate?
=
Chapter 14 Solutions
Applied Physics (11th Edition)
Ch. 14.1 - Find each temperature as indicated. 1. TF=77F,...Ch. 14.1 - Find each temperature as indicated. 2. TF=113F,...Ch. 14.1 - Find each temperature as indicated. 3. TF=257F,...Ch. 14.1 - Find each temperature as indicated. 4. TC=15C,...Ch. 14.1 - Find each temperature as indicated. 5. TC=145C,...Ch. 14.1 - Find each temperature as indicated. 6. TC=35C,...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 7PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 8PCh. 14.1 - Find each temperature as indicated. 9. TC=95C,...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 11PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 12PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 13PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 14PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 15PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 16PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 17PCh. 14.1 - The melting point of pure iron is 1505C. What...Ch. 14.1 - The melting point of mercury is -38.0F. What...Ch. 14.1 - A welding white heat is approximately 1400C. Find...Ch. 14.1 - The temperature in a crowded room is 85F. What is...Ch. 14.1 - The temperature of an iced tea drink is 5C. What...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 23PCh. 14.1 - The melting point of ethyl alcohol is -179F. What...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 25PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 26PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 27PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 28PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 29PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 30PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 31PCh. 14.2 - Find the amount of heat in cal generated by 95 J...Ch. 14.2 - Find the amount of heat in kcal generated by 7510...Ch. 14.2 - Find the amount of work that is equivalent to 1550...Ch. 14.2 - Find the amount of work that is equivalent to 3850...Ch. 14.2 - Find the mechanical work equivalent (in J) of 765...Ch. 14.2 - Find the mechanical work equivalent (in J) of 8550...Ch. 14.2 - Find the heat equivalent (in Btu) of 3.46106 ft lb...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 8PCh. 14.2 - How much work must a person do to offset eating a...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 10PCh. 14.2 - A fuel yields 1.15104 cal/g when burned. How many...Ch. 14.2 - A racing fuel produces 1.60104 cal/g when burned....Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 13PCh. 14.2 - A coal sample yields 1 25104 Btu/lb. How many foot...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 15PCh. 14.2 - Find the amount of heat energy that must be...Ch. 14.2 - What is the mechanical work equivalent in 50,000...Ch. 14.2 - An industrial engine produces 38,000 kcal of heat....Ch. 14.3 - Find the R value of a pane of 0.125-in.-thick...Ch. 14.3 - Find the R value of a brick wall 4.0 in. thick.Ch. 14.3 - Find the R value of 0.50-in -thick sheetrock.Ch. 14.3 - Find the thermal conductivity of a piece of...Ch. 14.3 - Find the R value of 0.50-in.-thick corkboard.Ch. 14.3 - The dimensions of a rectangular building are...Ch. 14.3 - Find the heat flow during 30.0 days through a...Ch. 14.3 - Find the heat flow in 30.0 days through a...Ch. 14.3 - Find the heat flow in 75 s through a steel rod of...Ch. 14.3 - Find the heat flow in 15 min through a...Ch. 14.3 - Find the heat flow in 24 h through a refrigerator...Ch. 14.3 - Find the heat flow in 30 0 days through a freezer...Ch. 14.3 - Find the heat flow in 24 h through a refrigerator...Ch. 14.3 - Find the heat flow in 30 0 days through a freezer...Ch. 14.3 - Find the heat flow through the sides of an...Ch. 14.4 - Find Q for each material. 1. Steel, w=3.00 lb,...Ch. 14.4 - Find Q for each material. 2. Copper, m=155 kg,...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 3PCh. 14.4 - Prob. 4PCh. 14.4 - Prob. 5PCh. 14.4 - Prob. 6PCh. 14.4 - Prob. 7PCh. 14.4 - Find Q for each material. 8. Brass, m=750 kg,...Ch. 14.4 - Find Q for each material. 9. Steel m=1250 g,...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 10PCh. 14.4 - Find Q for each material 11. Water, m =800 g,...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 12PCh. 14.4 - How many Btu of heat must be added to 1200 lb of...Ch. 14.4 - How many Btu of heat are given off by 500 lb of...Ch. 14.4 - How many kcal of heat must be added to 1250 kg of...Ch. 14.4 - How many joules of heat are absorbed by an...Ch. 14.4 - How many joules of heat are required to raise the...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 18PCh. 14.4 - How many joules of heat are given off when 125 kg...Ch. 14.4 - A 525-kg steam boiler is made of steel and...Ch. 14.4 - Find the initial temperature of a 49.0-N cube of...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 22PCh. 14.4 - A block of iron with mass 0.400 kg is heated to...Ch. 14.4 - A block of copper is heated from 20.0C to 80.0C....Ch. 14.4 - The cooling system of a truck engine contains 20.0...Ch. 14.5 - A 2.50-lb piece of steel is dropped into 11.0 lb...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 2PCh. 14.5 - A 250 g piece of tin at 99C is dropped in 100 g of...Ch. 14.5 - How many grams of water at 20C are necessary to...Ch. 14.5 - A 159-lb piece of aluminum at 500F is dropped into...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 6PCh. 14.5 - If 1250 g of copper at 20.0C is mixed with 500 g...Ch. 14.5 - If 500 g of brass at 200C and 300 g of steel at...Ch. 14.5 - The following data were collected in the...Ch. 14.5 - The following data were collected in the...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 11PCh. 14.5 - How much heat must be absorbed by its surroundings...Ch. 14.5 - How much water at 0C would be needed to cool the...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 14PCh. 14.6 - Find the increase in length of copper tubing 200.0...Ch. 14.6 - Find the increase in length of a zinc rod 50.0 m...Ch. 14.6 - Find the increase in length of 300.00 m of copper...Ch. 14.6 - A steel pipe 8.25 m long is installed at 45C. Find...Ch. 14.6 - A steel tape measures 200.00 m at 15C. What is its...Ch. 14.6 - A brass rod 1.020 m long expands 3.0 mm when it is...Ch. 14.6 - The road bed on a bridge 500.0 ft long is made of...Ch. 14.6 - An aluminum plug has a diameter of 10.003 cm at...Ch. 14.6 - The diameter of a steel drill at 45F is 0.750 in....Ch. 14.6 - A brass ball with diameter 12.000 cm is 0.011 cm...Ch. 14.6 - A brass cylinder has a cross-sectional area of 482...Ch. 14.6 - The volume of the cylinder in Problem 11 is 4820...Ch. 14.6 - An aluminum pipe has a cross-sectional area of...Ch. 14.6 - A steel pipe has a cross-sectional area of 127.20...Ch. 14.6 - A glass plug has a volume of 60.00 cm3 at 12C....Ch. 14.6 - The diameter of a hole drilled through brass at...Ch. 14.6 - Prob. 17PCh. 14.6 - Steel beams 60.000 ft long are placed in a highway...Ch. 14.6 - The spaces between 13.00-m steel rails are 0.711...Ch. 14.6 - A section of concrete dam is a rectangular solid...Ch. 14.6 - A glass ball has a radius of 12.000 cm at 6.0C....Ch. 14.6 - Find the final height of a concrete column that is...Ch. 14.6 - What is the final volume of a glass right circular...Ch. 14.6 - A metal bar at 21.0C is 2.6000 m long. If the bar...Ch. 14.7 - A quantity of carbon tetrachloride occupies 625 L...Ch. 14.7 - Some mercury occupies 157 in3 at -30F. What is its...Ch. 14.7 - Some petroleum occupies 11.7 m3 at -17C. Find its...Ch. 14.7 - Find the increase in volume of 35 L of acetone...Ch. 14.7 - Some water at 180F occupies 3780 ft 3 What is its...Ch. 14.7 - A 1200-L tank of petroleum is completely filled at...Ch. 14.7 - Find the increase in volume of 215 cm3 of mercury...Ch. 14.7 - Find the decrease in volume of 2000 ft 3 of...Ch. 14.7 - Prob. 9PCh. 14.7 - Prob. 10PCh. 14.7 - What was the temperature of 180 mL of acetone...Ch. 14.7 - What is the increase in volume of 1200 L of...Ch. 14.7 - Five hundred litres of petroleum at 4.0C is heated...Ch. 14.8 - Prob. 1PCh. 14.8 - Prob. 2PCh. 14.8 - Prob. 3PCh. 14.8 - Prob. 4PCh. 14.8 - How many calories of heat are required to melt 320...Ch. 14.8 - How many calories of heat are given off when 3250...Ch. 14.8 - How many joules of heat are required to melt 20.0...Ch. 14.8 - How many kilocalories of heat are required to melt...Ch. 14.8 - How many joules of heat need to be removed to...Ch. 14.8 - How many litres of water at 100C are vaporized by...Ch. 14.8 - Prob. 11PCh. 14.8 - How many Btu of heat are released when 20.0 lb of...Ch. 14.8 - How many Btu of heat are required to change 9.00...Ch. 14.8 - How many calories of heat are released when 200 g...Ch. 14.8 - How many kilocalories of heat are required to melt...Ch. 14.8 - How many joules of heat are required to melt 15.0...Ch. 14.8 - Prob. 17PCh. 14.8 - How many kcal of heat are needed to vaporize 5.00...Ch. 14.8 - Prob. 19PCh. 14.8 - Prob. 20PCh. 14.8 - How many kilocalories of heat are needed to change...Ch. 14.8 - How many joules of heat does 620 g of mercury...Ch. 14 - Which of the following are methods of heat...Ch. 14 - Which of the following are good conductors of...Ch. 14 - The amount that a solid expands when heated...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4RQCh. 14 - Prob. 5RQCh. 14 - Prob. 6RQCh. 14 - In your own words, describe the method of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8RQCh. 14 - Which other temperature scale is closely related...Ch. 14 - Which other temperature scale is closely related...Ch. 14 - Distinguish between the Celsius and Fahrenheit...Ch. 14 - Distinguish between heat and temperature.Ch. 14 - Give three examples of the conversion of heat into...Ch. 14 - Give three examples of the conversion of work into...Ch. 14 - Should you wear light- or dark-colored clothing on...Ch. 14 - Does the area of a hole cut out of a metal block...Ch. 14 - Which would cool a hot object better: 10 kg of...Ch. 14 - Steam can cause much more severe burns than hot...Ch. 14 - Why are ice cubes often observed to have a slight...Ch. 14 - In your own words, describe each method of heat...Ch. 14 - Describe why automotive cooling systems are...Ch. 14 - Change 344 K to degrees Celsius.Ch. 14 - Change 24C to Kelvin.Ch. 14 - Prob. 3RPCh. 14 - Change 635F to degrees Celsius.Ch. 14 - Prob. 5RPCh. 14 - Find the amount of heat in kcal generated by 6530...Ch. 14 - Find the amount of work equivalent to 435 Btu.Ch. 14 - Find the heat flow during 4.10 h through a glass...Ch. 14 - Find the heat flow in 25.0 days through a freezer...Ch. 14 - How many Btu of heat must be added to 835 lb of...Ch. 14 - How many kcal of heat must be added to 148 kg of...Ch. 14 - A 161-kg steam boiler is made of steel and...Ch. 14 - A 3.80-lb piece of copper is dropped into 8.35 lb...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14RPCh. 14 - Prob. 15RPCh. 14 - The length of a steel rod at 5C is 12.500 m. What...Ch. 14 - The diameter of a hole drilled through aluminum at...Ch. 14 - A steel ball has a radius of 1.54 cm at 35C. Find...Ch. 14 - Find the increase in volume of 44.8 L of acetone...Ch. 14 - What is the decrease in volume of 3450 ft3 of...Ch. 14 - How many kcal of heat are required to vaporize...Ch. 14 - How many Btu of heat are required to melt 8.35 lb...Ch. 14 - How many kcal of heat must be withdrawn from 4.56...Ch. 14 - How many joules of heat are required to change 336...Ch. 14 - A polystyrene foam cover prevents an ice-water...Ch. 14 - Every winter a local recreation department fills a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3ACCh. 14 - Pedro, a contractor, is trying to choose between...Ch. 14 - In anticipation of winter snowstorms, Jamal fills...
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- Learning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation pV = nRT, where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, PV T = constant. One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant, it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas: At least one more parameter would also change. For instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change. To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a graph showing one parameter as a function of the other. Although there are many choices of axes, the most common one is a plot of pressure as a function of volume: a pV diagram. In this problem, you…arrow_forwardA-e pleasearrow_forwardTwo moles of carbon monoxide (CO) start at a pressure of 1.4 atm and a volume of 35 liters. The gas is then compressed adiabatically to 1/3 this volume. Assume that the gas may be treated as ideal. Part A What is the change in the internal energy of the gas? Express your answer using two significant figures. ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ AU = Submit Request Answer Part B Does the internal energy increase or decrease? internal energy increases internal energy decreases Submit Request Answer Part C ? J Does the temperature of the gas increase or decrease during this process? temperature of the gas increases temperature of the gas decreases Submit Request Answerarrow_forward
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