For the given set of compounds the difference between them should be determined. Concept Introduction : IR spectral studies: It is a spectroscopic technique which is used to determine the functional groups present in the given compound sample by absorbing frequency in particular range with respect to the group present in the given sample. Wavenumber: It is defined as the number of waves in one centimeter. The wavenumber indicates the location of each signal with respect to the functional group in the molecule and its unit is cm -1 . Alcohol functional group: It refers to the functional group that contains one OH group bonded with the carbon atom in a molecule. The characteristic IR signal for OH group is broad signal at range of about 3200-3600 cm -1 . Carbonyl group: The functional group that contains carbon atom which is doubly bonded with the oxygen atom.

Question

A small artisanal cheesemaker is testing the acidity of their milk before it coagulates. During fermentation, bacteria produce lactic acid (K₁ = 1.4 x 104), a weak acid that helps to curdle the milk and develop flavor. The cheesemaker has measured that the developing mixture contains lactic acid at an initial concentration of 0.025 M. Your task is to calculate the pH of this mixture and determine whether it meets the required acidity for proper cheese development. To achieve the best flavor, texture and reduce/control microbial growth, the pH range needs to be between pH 4.6 and 5.0. Assumptions: Lactic acid is a monoprotic acid H H :0:0: H-C-C H :0: O-H Figure 1: Lewis Structure for Lactic Acid For simplicity, you can use the generic formula HA to represent the acid You can assume lactic acid dissociation is in water as milk is mostly water. Temperature is 25°C 1. Write the K, expression for the dissociation of lactic acid in the space provided. Do not forget to include state symbols.…

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Question

Chapter 14.13, Problem 29CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given set of compounds the difference between them should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IR spectral studies: It is a spectroscopic technique which is used to determine the functional groups present in the given compound sample by absorbing frequency in particular range with respect to the group present in the given sample.

Wavenumber: It is defined as the number of waves in one centimeter. The wavenumber indicates the location of each signal with respect to the functional group in the molecule and its unit is cm-1 .

Alcohol functional group: It refers to the functional group that contains one OH group bonded with the carbon atom in a molecule. The characteristic IR signal for OH group is broad signal at range of about 3200-3600 cm-1 .

Carbonyl group: The functional group that contains carbon atom which is doubly bonded with the oxygen atom.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given set of compounds the difference between them should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

IR spectral studies: It is a spectroscopic technique which is used to determine the functional groups present in the given compound sample by absorbing frequency in particular range with respect to the group present in the given sample.

Wavenumber: It is defined as the number of waves in one centimeter. The wavenumber indicates the location of each signal with respect to the functional group in the molecule and its unit is cm-1 .

Alcohol functional group: It refers to the functional group that contains one OH group bonded with the carbon atom in a molecule. The characteristic IR signal for OH group is broad signal at range of about 3200-3600 cm-1 .

Carbonyl group: The functional group that contains carbon atom which is doubly bonded with the oxygen atom.

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