Chapter 14.1, Problem 1R

To determine

The explanation of the movement of the particles in solids, liquids and gasses.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

Material is made of atomsand molecules. The material exists in solid, liquid and gas. The distance between particles in different states of the material varies according to the molecular forces in different states of the material.

The molecular force of attraction is very strong in solids and weak in gases. The distance between the particles of the material in the solid-state is very less and large for gasses. The particles in the solid-state are bind by the strong molecular force, so the particles in the solid-state remain fixed.

The particles in liquids can move from one position to another position in the material because the molecular force between the particles in the liquids is less than the molecular force of the solids. The force between the particles in the gaseous state is very less. So, the particles in the gaseous state can move freely and vibrate randomly in the material.

Conclusion:

Thus, the particles in the solid remain fixed;the particles move from one position to another position in a liquid state and vibrates randomly in the gaseous state of the material.