Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781260084504
Author: Abraham Silberschatz, S. Sudarshan, Abraham, Henry Korth, Silberschatz Abraham, Silberschatz Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Expert Solution & Answer
Chapter 14, Problem 8PE
Explanation of Solution
Secondary B+-tree:
- Secondary B+-tree is constructed on a relation r with nr tuples.
- The cost of building the tree index when one record is inserted at a time with the given assumptions.
- The cost of insertion is the sum of below costs:
- The cost to locate the page number of the requisite leaf node. In case of insertions this cost may vary as the non-leaf nodes are already in memory.
- The cost to read one random disk access after reaching the leaf level.
- The cost to update is also one random disk access.
- The cost to write one page.
- Not that if a node split occurs due to insertion the cost increases by an extra page write.
- Now, in the worst scenario, each leaf node is just half filled. So, the number of splits is given by 2×(nr/f).
- So, the total cost is maximum of either of these two values;
- (2×nr) random disk access, or
- (nr+2×(nr/f)) page writes.
- Here, the cost of page writes is assumed to be negligible. So, the cost of random disk access is more.
- So, substitute the given values in above in the above formula to get;
- (2×nr) random disk access
- =2×10000000×10×(1/1000)sec
- =200000sec
- 55.5hours
- first sort the file in ascending order using the function which is assumed to be available.
- Now, for each pair of value and pointer from the file call the insert-in-leaf function.
- In insert-in-leaf function;
- Check if the tree is empty, if yes, this is the first root node to be inserted. If it is considered as “L”.
- Otherwise, since the values are sorted so insertion will occur in the last leaf node. So, transverse the leaf node to get the last leaf node.
- Check if this node “L” is full or not. If not, insert the given value and pointer pair at the first available location is node “L”.
- If this node is full, split it. In this case,
- Create a leaf node and assume it as “L1”.
- Set the pointer in node “L” to this node “L1”.
- Initialize “K1” to the last value from nodes chain “L”.
- Call the insert_in_parent function with desired values to insert this node in the parent...
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
using r language A continuous random variable X has density function f(x)=1/56(3x^2+4x^3+5x^4).0<=x<=2 (1) secify the density g of the random variable Y you find for the acceptance rejection method. (2) what is the value of c you choose to use for the acceptance rejection method (3) use the acceptance rejection method to generate a random sample of size 1000 from the distribution of X .graph the density histogram of the sample and compare it with the density function f(x)
using r language a continuous random variable X has density function f(x)=1/4x^3e^-(pi/2)^4,x>=0
derive the probability inverse transformation F^(-1)x where F(x) is the cdf of the random variable X
using r language in an accelerated failure test, components are operated under extreme conditions so that a substantial number will fail in a rather short time. in such a test involving two types of microships 600 chips manufactured by an existing process were tested and 125 of them failed then 800 chips manufactured by a new process were tested and 130 of them failed what is the 90%confidence interval for the difference between the proportions of failure for chips manufactured by two processes? using r language
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, computer-science and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- I want a picture of the tools and the pictures used Cisco Packet Tracer Smart Home Automation:o Connect a temperature sensor and a fan to a home gateway.o Configure the home gateway so that the fan is activated when the temperature exceedsa set threshold (e.g., 30°C).2. WiFi Network Configuration:o Set up a wireless LAN with a unique SSID.o Enable WPA2 encryption to secure the WiFi network.o Implement MAC address filtering to allow only specific clients to connect.3. WLC Configuration:o Deploy at least two wireless access points connected to a Wireless LAN Controller(WLC).o Configure the WLC to manage the APs, broadcast the configured SSID, and applyconsistent security settings across all APs.arrow_forwardA. What will be printed executing the code above?B. What is the simplest way to set a variable of the class Full_Date to January 26 2020?C. Are there any empty constructors in this class Full_Date?a. If there is(are) in which code line(s)?b. If there is not, how would an empty constructor be? (create the code lines for it)D. Can the command std::cout << d1.m << std::endl; be included after line 28 withoutcausing an error?a. If it can, what will be printed?b. If it cannot, how could this command be fixed?arrow_forwardCisco Packet Tracer Smart Home Automation:o Connect a temperature sensor and a fan to a home gateway.o Configure the home gateway so that the fan is activated when the temperature exceedsa set threshold (e.g., 30°C).2. WiFi Network Configuration:o Set up a wireless LAN with a unique SSID.o Enable WPA2 encryption to secure the WiFi network.o Implement MAC address filtering to allow only specific clients to connect.3. WLC Configuration:o Deploy at least two wireless access points connected to a Wireless LAN Controller(WLC).o Configure the WLC to manage the APs, broadcast the configured SSID, and applyconsistent security settings across all APs.arrow_forward
- Transform the TM below that accepts words over the alphabet Σ= {a, b} with an even number of a's and b's in order that the output tape head is positioned over the first letter of the input, if the word is accepted, and all letters a should be replaced by the letter x. For example, for the input aabbaa the tape and head at the end should be: [x]xbbxx z/z,R b/b,R F ① a/a,R b/b,R a/a, R a/a,R b/b.R K a/a,R L b/b,Rarrow_forwardGiven the C++ code below, create a TM that performs the same operation, i.e., given an input over the alphabet Σ= {a, b} it prints the number of letters b in binary. 1 #include 2 #include 3 4- int main() { std::cout > str; for (char c : str) { if (c == 'b') count++; 5 std::string str; 6 int count = 0; 7 char buffer [1000]; 8 9 10 11- 12 13 14 } 15 16- 17 18 19 } 20 21 22} std::string binary while (count > 0) { binary = std::to_string(count % 2) + binary; count /= 2; std::cout << binary << std::endl; return 0;arrow_forwardConsidering the CFG described below, answer the following questions. Σ = {a, b} • NT = {S} Productions: P1 S⇒aSa P2 P3 SbSb S⇒ a P4 S⇒ b A. List one sequence of productions that can accept the word abaaaba; B. Give three 5-letter words that can be accepted by this CFG; C. Create a Pushdown automaton capable of accepting the language accepted by this CFG.arrow_forward
- Given the FSA below, answer the following questions. b 1 3 a a b b с 2 A. Write a RegEx that is equivalent to this FSA as it is; B. Write a RegEx that is equivalent to this FSA removing the states and edges corresponding to the letter c. Note: To both items feel free to use any method you want, including analyzing which words are accepted by the FSA, to generate your RegEx.arrow_forward3) Finite State Automata Given the FSA below, answer the following questions. a b a b 0 1 2 b b 3 A. Give three 4-letter words that can be accepted by this FSA; B. Give three 4-letter words that cannot be accepted by this FSA; C. How could you describe the words accepted by this FSA? D. Is this FSA deterministic or non-deterministic?arrow_forwardConsidering the TM below, answer the following questions. a/x,R €/E,L €/E,R €/E,L x/E,R c/c,R b/E.L c/c,L x/x,R I J K L M F b/E.L D A. Give three 4-letter words that can be accepted by this TM; B. Give three 4-letter words that cannot be accepted by this TM; C. How could you describe the words accepted by this TM? D. What is the alphabet of the language accepted by this TM?arrow_forward
- What is the generator? Explain motor generator motorarrow_forwardThis battle room is focused on entry level tasks for a network analyst where you will be given trials and reconnaissance, sensor tuning, log aggregation, SIEM queries, and network analysis. For this week’s project, complete the following tasks: From your Project Ares portal, LOG IN Click on LAUNCH GAME. Select the region NORTH AMERICA Click on Battle School Under the BATTLE SCHOOL pop-up window, click on START TRAINING. Under the BATTLE ROOMS tile, click on ENTER. Under the NETWORK ANALYST tile, click on PLAY. Wait for the Battle Room to load. While loading, the BATTLE ROOM button will display red. Once the Battle Room is loaded, the BATTLE ROOM button will turn yellow and the center of the disk display will indicate CONNECTED. Click on the BATTLE ROOM button to enter the Battle Room. Below the TASKS folder, make sure you click on INSTRUCTIONS to download the Network Analyst Fundamentals material. In the Battle Room, under the TASKS menu select task INTRUSION DETECTION. Complete…arrow_forwardCreate a relationship between the common field (Technician Number) of the two tables. Make sure that each client must have 1 and only 1 technician assigned, and each technician can have multiple clients. 2. Create a query to show the Client Number, Client Name, Billed, Paid for clients in Anderson city. Save the query. 3. Create a query to show the Technician Number, Last Name, First Name, YTD Earnings for technicians whose Hourly Rate is greater than or equal to 30. Save the query. 4. Create a query to show Client Number, Client Name, Billed, Paid for clients whose technician number is 22 and whose Billed is over 300. Save the query. 5. Create a query to show the Technician Number, Last Name, First Name, Client Number, Client Name for clients whose technician number 23. Save the query. 6. Create a query to show the Technician Number, Last Name, First Name, Client Number, Client Name for clients whose technician number 23 or 29. Save the query Help please Microsoft office accessarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Database System ConceptsComputer ScienceISBN:9780078022159Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. SudarshanPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Starting Out with Python (4th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780134444321Author:Tony GaddisPublisher:PEARSON
Digital Fundamentals (11th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780132737968Author:Thomas L. FloydPublisher:PEARSON
C How to Program (8th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780133976892Author:Paul J. Deitel, Harvey DeitelPublisher:PEARSON
Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Manag...Computer ScienceISBN:9781337627900Author:Carlos Coronel, Steven MorrisPublisher:Cengage Learning
Programmable Logic ControllersComputer ScienceISBN:9780073373843Author:Frank D. PetruzellaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Database System Concepts
Computer Science
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Starting Out with Python (4th Edition)
Computer Science
ISBN:9780134444321
Author:Tony Gaddis
Publisher:PEARSON
Digital Fundamentals (11th Edition)
Computer Science
ISBN:9780132737968
Author:Thomas L. Floyd
Publisher:PEARSON
C How to Program (8th Edition)
Computer Science
ISBN:9780133976892
Author:Paul J. Deitel, Harvey Deitel
Publisher:PEARSON
Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Manag...
Computer Science
ISBN:9781337627900
Author:Carlos Coronel, Steven Morris
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Programmable Logic Controllers
Computer Science
ISBN:9780073373843
Author:Frank D. Petruzella
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education