BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260670929
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 14, Problem 2WIO
What type of reproductive barrier applies to each of these scenarios?
| a. | Humans introduced apple trees to North America in 1800s. Insects called hawthorn flies, which feed and mate on hawthorn plants, quickly discovered the new fruits. Some flies preferred the taste of apples to their native host plants. Because these flies mate where they eat, this difference in food preference quickly led to a reproductive barrier. |
| b | Water buffalo and cattle can mate with each other, but the embryos die early in development. |
| c. | Scientists try to mate two species of dragonfly that inhabit the same pond at the same time of day. However, females never allow males of the other species to mate with them. |
| d | One species of reed warbler is active in the upper parts of the tree canopy while another species of reed warbler is active in the lower canopy. Both species are active during the day. |
| e. | Scientists mate two parrots from different populations to see if |
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which statement about an individual that is homozygous for an allele is FALSE?
Select one:
a. Its parents were necessarily homozygous for that allele.
b. Each of the gametes it produces will contain one copy of that allele.
c. It will pass that allele to its offspring.
d. It is true-breeding with respect to that allele.
e. Each of its cells possesses two copies of that allele.
Some animals in captivity have reproduced without the need for a mate in a process called parthenogenesis. Examples include boas, pythons, bonnethead sharks, and komodo dragons. Initially, scientists thought this occurred because the animals were kept in optimal conditions for reproduction, but lacked access to a mate. However, scientists were surprised to discover that some species in the wild with access to mates also reproduce through parthenogenesis. An example is the pit-viper. Compare and contrast the processes of asexual reproduction through parthenogenesis and sexual reproduction for an animal such as the python.
Describe the processes of
i. asexual reproduction through parthenogenesis ii. sexual reproduction
2. Describe two pros and two cons of each form of reproduction. Explain each one.
What is NOT an example of antagonistic pleiotropy?
A. Developmental genes that code for greater or fewer than seven cervical vertebrae have negative fitness costs.
B. Genes that create insect breathing tubes cause decreased production of growth hormones.
C. Mutations that confer resistance to Bt also make insects more vulnerable to natural plant defensive chemicals.
D. Two of the three choices are correct.
Chapter 14 Solutions
BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
Ch. 14.1 - How are macroevolution and microevolution related?Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14.1 - What are some of the challenges in defining...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.2 - Write a real or fictitious example other than...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 2MC
Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 14.6 - Describe the taxonomic hierarchy.Ch. 14.6 - What are the strengths of a cladistics approach...Ch. 14.6 - Distinguish between ancestral and derived...Ch. 14 - Macroevolution is distinct from microevolution in...Ch. 14 - The biological species concept defines species...Ch. 14 - A mule is the offspring of a male donkey and a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 14 - How has the meaning of the term species changed...Ch. 14 - What type of reproductive barrier applies to each...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 14 - Polyploidy is a common mechanism of speciation in...Ch. 14 - How does natural selection predict a gradualistic...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 14 - Examine the cladogram in figure 14.17 and answer...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 14 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 14 - Prob. 1SLCh. 14 - Prob. 1PITCh. 14 - Prob. 2PITCh. 14 - Prob. 3PIT
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- We learned from hermaphroditic snails in New Zealand and C. elegans that populations that are undergo both sexual and asexual reproduction in the same population can alter the frequency of outcrossing resulting in changes in genetic diversity. Identify the statement that accurately reflects a real result. a. Sexual reproduction prevents the ability of snails and worms to coevolve with their parasites. b. Sexual reproduction frequency increases in the presence of a stressor, like pathogens and parasites. c. Asexual reproduction is favored when there are pathogens and parasites in the environment. d. Asexual reproduction enables the Red Queen hypothesis to play out and enable the pathogen to win.arrow_forwardEVOLUTION LINK Could hawthorn and apple maggot flies be considered an example of assortative mating, which was discussed in Chapter 19? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardEusociality and haplo-diploidy, in ants and bees, are often (though not always) correlated because… Group of answer choices: A. having twice as many genes allows queens to be far more capable of controlling other individuals. B. being able to control the sex of offspring allows parents to regulate the amount of cooperation. C. a worker can have more of her genes passed on in a new sister than in an offspring of her own. D. males have fathers but females don’t. E. it allows high levels of inbreeding to evolve without negative effects.arrow_forward
- Based on the text for cockroaches mating: 1. Compare the genetic relationship of the parent pest and its offspring Use the word: GENETICALLY IDENTICAL, GENETIC RECOMBINATION. 2. Predict what factors in the environment can be altered to stop the pest from producing and why?arrow_forward??arrow_forwardApple maggot flies feed on the fruits of a specific host tree, and mating occurs on and near the fruits of these trees. Originally, apple maggot flies existed only on the fruits of hawthorn trees, which are native to North America. However, approximately 150 years ago, apple maggot flies were observed on cultivated apples, which are related to hawthorns but a different species. Today, many apple trees throughout North America are infested with the flies. These scientific findings reveal what appear to be the initial stages of what type of speciation in the apple maggot fly? a. Allopatric speciation b. Sympatric speciation c. Genetic diversion d. Microevolution e. Polyploidyarrow_forward
- Sexual reproduction in unpredictable environments provide immediate benefits to individuals including the following except -- A. There are more opportunites for offspring to specialize in different niches in an environment. B. The chance that the offspring of sexual ndividuals will be well-matched to their environment increases. C. Bet-hedging strategies are involved for increasing offspring fitness. D. Reduction of competition for resources among genetically related offspring.arrow_forwardIn mammals, sex is determined bya. the SRY gene on the Y chromosome.b. having two copies of the X chromosome.c. having one copy of the X chromosome.d. both a and carrow_forwardOne form of the Good-Genes model for the evolution of female choice that was discussed in lecture was the Costly Signaling Theory. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE under the Costly Signaling Theory? Group of answer choices a.Female preference for exaggerated male traits confers only the fitness advantage that her sons will have the trait and her daughters will prefer the traits. b.The bigger the signal’s cost, the higher the genetic quality of the male carrying the trait c.Costly signals are examples of honest signals since there is a true cost to elaborate male traits. d.Offspring of males with costly traits have higher fitnessarrow_forward
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