Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The buffer capacity of 0.250 M lactic acid and 0.250 M lactate ion should be determined.
Concept introduction:
A buffer is a solution which resists change in pH on addition of small amount of acid or base. A buffer is prepared by mixing a weak acid with its conjugate base ion or a weak base and its conjugate acid ion.
For example the mixture of acetic acid and its conjugate base acetate ion will form a buffer solution.
The pH of a buffer solution is determined with the following equation
Also known as Henderson Hasselbalch’s equation
The buffer capacity is the capacity of a buffer to which it can resist a major change in pH on addition of acid or base.
It is dependent on the ratio of concentration of weak acid and concentration of its conjugate base.
(b)
Interpretation:
The buffer capacity of 0.250 M lactic acid and 0.125 M lactate ion should be determined.
Concept introduction: A buffer is a solution which resists change in pH on addition of small amount of acid or base. A buffer is prepared by mixing a weak acid with its conjugate base ion or a weak base and its conjugate acid ion.
For example the mixture of acetic acid and its conjugate base acetate ion will form a buffer solution.
The pH of a buffer solution is determined with the following equation.
Also known as Henderson Hasselbalch’s equation
The buffer capacity is the capacity of a buffer to which it can resist a major change in pH on addition of acid or base.
It is dependent on the ratio of concentration of weak acid and concentration of its conjugate base
(c)
Interpretation:
The buffer capacity of 0.250 M lactic acid and 0.0800 M lactate ion should be determined.
Concept introduction: A buffer is a solution which resists change in pH on addition of small amount of acid or base. A buffer is prepared by mixing a weak acid with its conjugate base ion or a weak base and its conjugate acid ion.
For example the mixture of acetic acid and its conjugate base acetate ion will form a buffer solution.
The pH of a buffer solution is determined with the following equation.
Also known as Henderson Hasselbalch’s equation
The buffer capacity is the capacity of a buffer to which it can resist a major change in pH on addition of acid or base.
It is dependent on the ratio of concentration of weak acid and concentration of its conjugate base
(d)
Interpretation:
The buffer capacity of 0.250 M lactic acid and 0.0500 M lactate ion should be determined.
Concept introduction:
A buffer is a solution which resists change in pH on addition of small amount of acid or base. A buffer is prepared by mixing a weak acid with its conjugate base ion or a weak base and its conjugate acid ion.
For example the mixture of acetic acid and its conjugate base acetate ion will form a buffer solution.
The pH of a buffer solution is determined with the following equation
Also known as Henderson Hasselbalch’s equation
The buffer capacity is the capacity of a buffer to which it can resist a major change in pH on addition of acid or base.
It is dependent on the ratio of concentration of weak acid and concentration of its conjugate base
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Chapter 14 Solutions
OWLv2 for Masterton/Hurley's Chemistry: Principles and Reactions, 8th Edition, [Instant Access], 1 term (6 months)
- if the answer is no reaction than state that and please hand draw!arrow_forward"I have written solutions in text form, but I need experts to rewrite them in handwriting from A to Z, exactly as I have written, without any changes."arrow_forwardDon't used hand raiting and don't used Ai solutionarrow_forward
- Please correct answer and don't used hand raitingarrow_forwardreciprocal lattices rotates along with the real space lattices of the crystal. true or false?arrow_forwardDeducing the reactants of a Diels-Alder reaction vn the molecule on the right-hand side of this organic reaction be made in good yield from no more than two reactants, in one step, by moderately heating the reactants? ? Δ O If your answer is yes, then draw the reactant or reactants in the drawing area below. You can draw the reactants in any arrangement you like. • If your answer is no, check the box under the drawing area instead. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Product can't be made in one step. Explanation Checkarrow_forward
- Predict the major products of the following organic reaction: Δ ? Some important notes: • Draw the major product, or products, of the reaction in the drawing area below. • If there aren't any products, because no reaction will take place, check the box below the drawing area instead. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products that are enantiomers. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Larrow_forward> Can the molecule on the right-hand side of this organic reaction be made in good yield from no more than two reactants, in one step, by moderately heating the reactants? ? Δ • If your answer is yes, then draw the reactant or reactants in the drawing area below. You can draw the reactants in any arrangement you like. If your answer is no, check the box under the drawing area instead. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Х © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accesarrow_forwardPredict the major products of the following organic reaction: O O + A ? Some important notes: • Draw the major product, or products, of the reaction in the drawing area below. • If there aren't any products, because no reaction will take place, check the box below the drawing area instead. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products that are enantiomers. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. eserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center >arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
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