Chemistry: Structure and Properties Custom Edition for Rutgers University General Chemistry
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781269935678
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: Pearson Education
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Chapter 14, Problem 21E
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: The reason lowering of vapor pressure containing a non-volatile solute results in a higher boiling point and lower melting point than that of pure solvent.
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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition
Consider the following equilibrium:
N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g)
AG⁰ = 5.4 kJ
Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 1.68 atm of dinitrogen tetroxide (N204) at 148. °C. Answer the following questions about this system:
rise
Under these conditions, will the pressure of N2O4 tend to rise or fall?
x10
fall
Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO2?
In other words, if you said the pressure of N2O4 will tend to rise, can that
be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO2? Similarly, if you said the
pressure of N2O4 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to
rise by adding NO2?
If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate
the minimum pressure of NO 2 needed to reverse it.
Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
yes
no
0.42 atm
☑
5
0/5
?
مله
Ar
Homework 13 (Ch17)
Question 4 of 4 (1 point) | Question Attempt: 2 of 2
✓ 1
✓ 2
= 3
4
Time Remaining: 4:25:54
Using the thermodynamic information in the ALEKS Data tab, calculate the standard reaction free energy of the following chemical reaction:
2CH3OH (g)+302 (g) → 2CO2 (g) + 4H₂O (g)
Round your answer to zero decimal places.
☐ kJ
x10
☐
Subm
Check
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Identifying the major species in weak acid or weak base equilibria
Your answer is incorrect.
• Row 2: Your answer is incorrect.
• Row 3: Your answer is incorrect.
• Row 6: Your answer is incorrect.
0/5
The preparations of two aqueous solutions are described in the table below. For each solution, write the chemical formulas of the major species present at
equilibrium. You can leave out water itself.
Write the chemical formulas of the species that will act as acids in the 'acids' row, the formulas of the species that will act as bases in the 'bases' row, and the
formulas of the species that will act as neither acids nor bases in the 'other' row.
You will find it useful to keep in mind that HF is a weak acid.
acids:
HF
0.1 mol of NaOH is added to
1.0 L of a 0.7M HF
solution.
bases:
0.13 mol of HCl is added to
1.0 L of a solution that is
1.0M in both HF and KF.
Exponent
other:
F
acids: HF
bases: F
other:
K
1
0,0,...
?
000
18
Ar
Chapter 14 Solutions
Chemistry: Structure and Properties Custom Edition for Rutgers University General Chemistry
Ch. 14 - Which compound is most soluble in octane (C8H18)?...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2SAQCh. 14 - A 500.0-mL sample of pure water is allowed to come...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 5SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 6SAQCh. 14 - What is the vapor pressure of an aqueous ethylene...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 14 - What mass of glucose (C6H12O6) should you dissolve...Ch. 14 - Which aqueous solution has the highest boiling...
Ch. 14 - The osmotic pressure of a solution containing 22.7...Ch. 14 - The enthalpy of solution for NaOH is -44.6 kJ/mol....Ch. 14 - A 2.4-m aqueous solution of an ionic compound with...Ch. 14 - A solution is an equimolar mixture of two volatile...Ch. 14 - An aqueous solution is in equilibrium with a...Ch. 14 - What is a solution? What are the solute and...Ch. 14 - What does it mean when we say that a substance is...Ch. 14 - Why do two ideal gases thoroughly mix when...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4ECh. 14 - Prob. 5ECh. 14 - Explain how the relative strengths of...Ch. 14 - What does the statement like dissolves like mean...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8ECh. 14 - What is the heat of hydration(Hhydration)? How...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10ECh. 14 - How does temperature affect the solubility of a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12ECh. 14 - How does pressure affect the solubility of a gas...Ch. 14 - What is Henry’s law? For what kinds of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 15ECh. 14 - How are parts by mass and parts by volume used in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17ECh. 14 - What is Raoult’s law? For what kind of...Ch. 14 - Explain the difference between an ideal and a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 20ECh. 14 - Prob. 21ECh. 14 - What are colligative properties?Ch. 14 - Prob. 23ECh. 14 - Explain the significance of the van’t Hoff factor...Ch. 14 - Prob. 25ECh. 14 - Pick an appropriate solvent from Table 13.3 to...Ch. 14 - Which molecule would you expect to be more soluble...Ch. 14 - Prob. 28ECh. 14 - Prob. 29ECh. 14 - Prob. 30ECh. 14 - When ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is dissolved in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 32ECh. 14 - Prob. 33ECh. 14 - Use the given data to calculate the heats of...Ch. 14 - Lithium iodide has a lattice energy of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 36ECh. 14 - A solution contains 25 g of NaCl per 100.0 g of...Ch. 14 - A solution contains 32 g of KNO3 per 100.0 g of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 39ECh. 14 - A KCI solution containing 42 g of KCI per 100.0 g...Ch. 14 - Some laboratory procedures involving...Ch. 14 - A person preparing a fish tank fills the tank with...Ch. 14 - Prob. 43ECh. 14 - Scuba divers breathing air at increased pressure...Ch. 14 - Calculate the mass of nitrogen dissolved at room...Ch. 14 - Use Henry’s law to determine the molar solubility...Ch. 14 - An aqueous NaCl solution is made using 112 g of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 48ECh. 14 - To what volume should you dilute 50.0 mL of a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 50ECh. 14 - Silver nitrate solutions are used to plate silver...Ch. 14 - Prob. 52ECh. 14 - Prob. 53ECh. 14 - Prob. 54ECh. 14 - You can purchase nitric acid in a concentrated...Ch. 14 - You can purchase hydrochloric acid in a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 57ECh. 14 - Prob. 58ECh. 14 - Prob. 59ECh. 14 - Prob. 60ECh. 14 - Prob. 61ECh. 14 - Prob. 62ECh. 14 - Prob. 63ECh. 14 - Prob. 64ECh. 14 - A beaker contains 100.0 mL of pure water. A second...Ch. 14 - Which solution has the highest vapor pressure? a....Ch. 14 - Calculate the vapor pressure of a solution...Ch. 14 - A solution contains naphthalene (C10H8) dissolved...Ch. 14 - A solution contains 50.0 g of heptane (C7H16) and...Ch. 14 - A solution contains a mixture of pentane and...Ch. 14 - A solution contains 4.08 g of chloroform (C3H8O3)...Ch. 14 - A solution of methanol and water has a mole...Ch. 14 - Prob. 73ECh. 14 - An ethylene glycol solution contains 21.2 g of...Ch. 14 - Calculate the freezing point and melting point of...Ch. 14 - Calculate the freezing point and melting point of...Ch. 14 - An aqueous solution containing 17.5 g of an...Ch. 14 - An aqueous solution containing 35.9 g of an...Ch. 14 - Calculate the osmotic pressure of a solution...Ch. 14 - Prob. 80ECh. 14 - A solution containing 27.55 mg of an unknown...Ch. 14 - Prob. 82ECh. 14 - Calculate the freezing point and boiling point...Ch. 14 - Calculate the freezing point and boiling point in...Ch. 14 - What mass of salt (NaCl) should you add to 1.00 L...Ch. 14 - Prob. 86ECh. 14 - Use the van’t Hoff factors in Table 13.7 to...Ch. 14 - Prob. 88ECh. 14 - A 1.2-m aqueous solution of an ionic compound with...Ch. 14 - A 0.95-m aqueous solution of an ionic compound...Ch. 14 - Prob. 91ECh. 14 - Prob. 92ECh. 14 - Prob. 93ECh. 14 - An aqueous CaCl2 solution has a vapor pressure of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 95ECh. 14 - Prob. 96ECh. 14 - Potassium perchlorate (KClO4) has a lattice energy...Ch. 14 - Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has a lattice energy of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 99ECh. 14 - Prob. 100ECh. 14 - Prob. 101ECh. 14 - Water softeners often replace calcium ions in hard...Ch. 14 - Prob. 103ECh. 14 - Prob. 104ECh. 14 - Prob. 105ECh. 14 - Prob. 106ECh. 14 - An isotonic solution contains 0.90% NaCl mass to...Ch. 14 - Prob. 108ECh. 14 - Prob. 109ECh. 14 - When HNO2 dissolves in water, it partially...Ch. 14 - Prob. 111ECh. 14 - Prob. 112ECh. 14 - Prob. 113ECh. 14 - Distillation is a method of purification based on...Ch. 14 - Prob. 115ECh. 14 - Find the mass of urea (CH4N2O) needed to prepare...Ch. 14 - A solution contains 10.05 g of unknown compound...Ch. 14 - Prob. 118ECh. 14 - Prob. 119ECh. 14 - Prob. 120ECh. 14 - The small bubbles that form on the bottom of a...Ch. 14 - The vapor above a mixture of pentane and hexane at...Ch. 14 - A 1.10-g sample contains only glucose (C6H12O6)...Ch. 14 - Prob. 124ECh. 14 - Two alcohols, isopropyl alcohol and propyl...Ch. 14 - A metal, M, of atomic mass 96 amu reacts with...Ch. 14 - Prob. 127ECh. 14 - Prob. 128ECh. 14 - A solution is prepared by dissolving 11.60 g of a...Ch. 14 - Substance A is a nonpolar liquid and has only...Ch. 14 - Prob. 131ECh. 14 - Prob. 132ECh. 14 - Prob. 133ECh. 14 - Prob. 134E
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