How transposons could have led to selective advantages in organisms. Introduction: Transposons are genetic sequences that can more across the genome. That is why they are also called jumping genes. This leads to the change of nucleotide sequences that could result in mutation by translocation, insertion and deletions. This is why transposons hold a significant place in evolution of organisms.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To explain:

How transposons could have led to selective advantages in organisms.

Introduction:

Transposons are genetic sequences that can more across the genome. That is why they are also called jumping genes. This leads to the change of nucleotide sequences that could result in mutation by translocation, insertion and deletions. This is why transposons hold a significant place in evolution of organisms.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The movement of transposons led to the change in the ORF (open reading frame). This could hinder the protein synthesis, thus acting as a regulator. At times it is possible this happened in an important gene and the organisms were affected adversely. On the other hand it is possible that a harmful gene was silenced.

For example: If a transposon got incorporated into the gene that codes for the colour of an insect with a red coat then the organisms will no longer be red. It is possible that the predators will not be able to find its prey as it no longer is coloured. As this insect survives, it will reproduce and spread its genes (natural selection). Thus, in this case transposons led to selective advantage in a species.

The numerous repeat sequences found in organisms are thought to have been the work of transposons. The corn kernel colour change is also attributed to the jumping genes.

Conclusion

Transposons change the nucleotide sequences at random. There are chances that these changes could lead to advantages in species and cause evolution.

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19. On the diagram below a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA. b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing. c. Add the following details to the diagram. Promoter region TATA box Transcription start site Transcription terminator Intron (A,B,C,D) Exons (1,2,3,4,5) Splice sites 5' cap 5' UTR (untranslated region) 3' poly A tail 3' UTR (untranslated region) Translational start (AUG) Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA) N and C ends of polypeptide 0000

Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter labels are not used. MNNNNNNIN M C B A M D F E H K G 8

The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions. 1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction? 2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe: a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why? b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for? 3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale. 4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale. Mutation 1 Mutation 2

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To explain:

How transposons could have led to selective advantages in organisms.

Introduction:

Transposons are genetic sequences that can more across the genome. That is why they are also called jumping genes. This leads to the change of nucleotide sequences that could result in mutation by translocation, insertion and deletions. This is why transposons hold a significant place in evolution of organisms.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The movement of transposons led to the change in the ORF (open reading frame). This could hinder the protein synthesis, thus acting as a regulator. At times it is possible this happened in an important gene and the organisms were affected adversely. On the other hand it is possible that a harmful gene was silenced.

For example: If a transposon got incorporated into the gene that codes for the colour of an insect with a red coat then the organisms will no longer be red. It is possible that the predators will not be able to find its prey as it no longer is coloured. As this insect survives, it will reproduce and spread its genes (natural selection). Thus, in this case transposons led to selective advantage in a species.

The numerous repeat sequences found in organisms are thought to have been the work of transposons. The corn kernel colour change is also attributed to the jumping genes.

Conclusion

Transposons change the nucleotide sequences at random. There are chances that these changes could lead to advantages in species and cause evolution.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To explain:

How transposons could have led to selective advantages in organisms.

Introduction:

Transposons are genetic sequences that can more across the genome. That is why they are also called jumping genes. This leads to the change of nucleotide sequences that could result in mutation by translocation, insertion and deletions. This is why transposons hold a significant place in evolution of organisms.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The movement of transposons led to the change in the ORF (open reading frame). This could hinder the protein synthesis, thus acting as a regulator. At times it is possible this happened in an important gene and the organisms were affected adversely. On the other hand it is possible that a harmful gene was silenced.

For example: If a transposon got incorporated into the gene that codes for the colour of an insect with a red coat then the organisms will no longer be red. It is possible that the predators will not be able to find its prey as it no longer is coloured. As this insect survives, it will reproduce and spread its genes (natural selection). Thus, in this case transposons led to selective advantage in a species.

The numerous repeat sequences found in organisms are thought to have been the work of transposons. The corn kernel colour change is also attributed to the jumping genes.

Conclusion

Transposons change the nucleotide sequences at random. There are chances that these changes could lead to advantages in species and cause evolution.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To explain:

How transposons could have led to selective advantages in organisms.

Introduction:

Transposons are genetic sequences that can more across the genome. That is why they are also called jumping genes. This leads to the change of nucleotide sequences that could result in mutation by translocation, insertion and deletions. This is why transposons hold a significant place in evolution of organisms.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The movement of transposons led to the change in the ORF (open reading frame). This could hinder the protein synthesis, thus acting as a regulator. At times it is possible this happened in an important gene and the organisms were affected adversely. On the other hand it is possible that a harmful gene was silenced.

For example: If a transposon got incorporated into the gene that codes for the colour of an insect with a red coat then the organisms will no longer be red. It is possible that the predators will not be able to find its prey as it no longer is coloured. As this insect survives, it will reproduce and spread its genes (natural selection). Thus, in this case transposons led to selective advantage in a species.

The numerous repeat sequences found in organisms are thought to have been the work of transposons. The corn kernel colour change is also attributed to the jumping genes.

Conclusion

Transposons change the nucleotide sequences at random. There are chances that these changes could lead to advantages in species and cause evolution.

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Answer 5

Chapter 14, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To explain:

How transposons could have led to selective advantages in organisms.

Introduction:

Transposons are genetic sequences that can more across the genome. That is why they are also called jumping genes. This leads to the change of nucleotide sequences that could result in mutation by translocation, insertion and deletions. This is why transposons hold a significant place in evolution of organisms.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The movement of transposons led to the change in the ORF (open reading frame). This could hinder the protein synthesis, thus acting as a regulator. At times it is possible this happened in an important gene and the organisms were affected adversely. On the other hand it is possible that a harmful gene was silenced.

For example: If a transposon got incorporated into the gene that codes for the colour of an insect with a red coat then the organisms will no longer be red. It is possible that the predators will not be able to find its prey as it no longer is coloured. As this insect survives, it will reproduce and spread its genes (natural selection). Thus, in this case transposons led to selective advantage in a species.

The numerous repeat sequences found in organisms are thought to have been the work of transposons. The corn kernel colour change is also attributed to the jumping genes.

Conclusion

Transposons change the nucleotide sequences at random. There are chances that these changes could lead to advantages in species and cause evolution.

Answer 6

Chapter 14, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To explain:

How transposons could have led to selective advantages in organisms.

Introduction:

Transposons are genetic sequences that can more across the genome. That is why they are also called jumping genes. This leads to the change of nucleotide sequences that could result in mutation by translocation, insertion and deletions. This is why transposons hold a significant place in evolution of organisms.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The movement of transposons led to the change in the ORF (open reading frame). This could hinder the protein synthesis, thus acting as a regulator. At times it is possible this happened in an important gene and the organisms were affected adversely. On the other hand it is possible that a harmful gene was silenced.

For example: If a transposon got incorporated into the gene that codes for the colour of an insect with a red coat then the organisms will no longer be red. It is possible that the predators will not be able to find its prey as it no longer is coloured. As this insect survives, it will reproduce and spread its genes (natural selection). Thus, in this case transposons led to selective advantage in a species.

The numerous repeat sequences found in organisms are thought to have been the work of transposons. The corn kernel colour change is also attributed to the jumping genes.

Conclusion

Transposons change the nucleotide sequences at random. There are chances that these changes could lead to advantages in species and cause evolution.

Answer 7

Chapter 14, Problem 1TC

Summary Introduction

To explain:

How transposons could have led to selective advantages in organisms.

Introduction:

Transposons are genetic sequences that can more across the genome. That is why they are also called jumping genes. This leads to the change of nucleotide sequences that could result in mutation by translocation, insertion and deletions. This is why transposons hold a significant place in evolution of organisms.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The movement of transposons led to the change in the ORF (open reading frame). This could hinder the protein synthesis, thus acting as a regulator. At times it is possible this happened in an important gene and the organisms were affected adversely. On the other hand it is possible that a harmful gene was silenced.

For example: If a transposon got incorporated into the gene that codes for the colour of an insect with a red coat then the organisms will no longer be red. It is possible that the predators will not be able to find its prey as it no longer is coloured. As this insect survives, it will reproduce and spread its genes (natural selection). Thus, in this case transposons led to selective advantage in a species.

The numerous repeat sequences found in organisms are thought to have been the work of transposons. The corn kernel colour change is also attributed to the jumping genes.