Chapter 14, Problem 1Q

To determine

Explain the functions of moderator and control rod in fission reactor.

Answer to Problem 1Q

Moderators slows down the neutrons formed during fission, and control rods absorb the excess neutrons to control the fission rate

Explanation of Solution

In a nuclear reactor moderators are used to control the speed of the neutrons produced as the end product of fission. Moderators will slow the fast moving neutrons. Commonly used moderators are water, solid graphite, heavy water etc.

Control rods are used to control the fission rate of uranium and plutonium. Control rods are made up of elements like carbon, boron, cadmium, silver which are capable of absorbing neutrons, and hence controls the fission rate.