Romeo (79.0 kg) entertains Juliet (57.0 kg) by playing his guitar from the rear of their boat at rest in still water, 2.70 m away from Juliet, who is in the front of the boat. After the serenade, Juliet carefully moves to the rear of the boat (away from shore) to plant a kiss on Romeo's cheek.(a) How far (in m) does the 81.0 kg boat move toward the shore it is facing?m(b) What If? If the lovers both walk toward each other and meet at the center of the boat, how far (in m) and in what direction does the boat now move?magnitudemdirection---Select---

Step 1:The main idea we are going to use is the fact that since there is no net external force on…

Answered: Romeo (79.0 kg) entertains Juliet (57.0…

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133939146

Author:Katz, Debora M.

Publisher:Katz, Debora M.

Chapter10: Systems Of Particles And Conservation Of Momentum

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 62PQ: An astronaut out on a spacewalk to construct a new section of the International Space Station walks...

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A girl of mass mg is standing on a plank of mass mp. Both are originally at rest on a frozen lake that constitutes a frictionless, flat surface. The girl begins to walk along the plank at a constant velocity vgp to the right relative to the plank. (The subscript gp denotes the girl relative to plank.) (a) What is the velocity vpi of the plank relative to the surface of the ice? (b) What is the girls velocity vgi relative to the ice surface?
From what might be a possible scene in the comic book The X-Men, the Juggernaut (mJ) is charging into Colossus (mC) and the two collide. The initial speed of the Juggernaut is vJi and the initial speed of Colossus is vCi. After the collision, the final speed of the Juggernaut is vJf and the final speed of Colossus is vCf as they each bounce off of the other, heading in opposite directions. a. What is the impulse experienced by the Juggernaut? b. What is the impulse experienced by Colossus? c. In your own words, explain how these impulses must compare with each other and how they are related to the average force each superhero experiences during the collision.
To lift off from the Moon, a 9.50 105 kg rocket needs a thrust larger than the force of gravity. If the exhaust velocity is 4.25 103 m/s, at what rate does the exhaust need to be expelled to provide sufficient thrust? The acceleration due to gravity on the Moon is 1.62 m/s2.
A particle of mass m moving along the x-axis with a velocity component +u collides head-on and sticks to a particle of mass m/3 moving along the x-axis with the velocity component −u. What is the mass M of the resulting particle?
This is a symbolic version of Problem 23. A girl of mass mG is standing on a plank of mass mp. Both are originally at rest on a frozen lake that constitutes a frictionless, flat surface. The girl begins to walk along the plank at a constant velocity vGP to the right relative to the plank. (The subscript GP denotes the girl relative to plank.) (a) What is the velocity vPI of the plank relative to the surface of the ice? (b) What is the girls velocity vGI relative to the ice surface?
A space probe, initially at rest, undergoes an internal mechanical malfunction and breaks into three pieces. One piece of mass ml = 48.0 kg travels in the positive x-direction at 12.0 m/s, and a second piece of mass m2 = 62.0 kg travels in the xy-plane at an angle of 105 at 15.0 m/s. The third piece has mass m3 = 112 kg. (a) Sketch a diagram of the situation, labeling the different masses and their velocities, (b) Write the general expression for conservation of momentum in the x- and y-directions in terms of m1, m2, m3, v1, v2 and v3 and the sines and cosines of the angles, taking to be the unknown angle, (c) Calculate the final x-components of the momenta of m1 and m2. (d) Calculate the final y-components of the momenta of m1 and m2. (e) Substitute the known momentum components into the general equations of momentum for the x- and y-directions, along with the known mass m3. (f) Solve the two momentum equations for v3 cos and v3 sin , respectively, and use the identity cos2 + sin2 = 1 to obtain v3. (g) Divide the equation for v3 sin by that for v3 cos to obtain tan , then obtain the angle by taking the inverse tangent of both sides, (h) In general, would three such pieces necessarily have to move in the same plane? Why?
A rocket has total mass Mi = 360 kg, including Mfuel = 330 kg of fuel and oxidizer. In interstellar space, it starts from rest at the position x = 0, turns on its engine at time t = 0, and puts out exhaust with relative speed ve = 1 500 m/s at the constant rate k = 2.50 kg/s. The fuel will last for a burn time of Tb = Mfuel/k = 330 kg/(2.5 kg/s) = 132 s. (a) Show that during the burn the velocity of the rocket as a function of time is given by v(t)=veln(1ktMi) (b) Make a graph of the velocity of the rocket as a function of time for times running from 0 to 132 s. (c) Show that the acceleration of the rocket is a(t)=kveMikt (d) Graph the acceleration as a function of time. (c) Show that the position of the rocket is x(t)=ve(Mikt)ln(1ktMi)+vet (f) Graph the position during the burn as a function of time.
There is a compressed spring between two laboratory carts of masses m1 = 105 g and m2 = 212 g. Initially, the carts are held at rest on a horizontal track (Fig. P10.40A). The carts are released, and the cart of mass m1 has velocity vi=2.035i m/s in the positive x direction (Fig. 10.40B). Assume rolling friction is negligible. a. What is the net external force on the two-cart system? b. Find the velocity of cart 2. FIGURE P10.40 Problems 40 and 41.
How much fuel would be needed for a 1000-kg rocket (this is its mass with no fuel) to take off from Earth and reach 1000 m/s in 30 s? The exhaust speed is 1000 m/s.
A block with mass m1 hangs from a rope that is extended over an ideal pulley and attached to a second block with mass m2 that sits on a ledge slanted at an angle of 20 (Fig. P5.49). Suppose the system of blocks is initially motionless and held still, and then it is released. If m1 = 7.00 kg and m2 = 2.00 kg, find the magnitude of the acceleration of the blocks, assuming there is no friction between the second block and the ledge. FIGURE P5.49 Problems 49 and 50.
Three skydivers are plummeting earthward. They are initially holding onto each other, but then push apart. Two skydivers of mass 70 and 80 kg gain horizontal velocities of 1.2 m/s north and 1.4 m/s southeast, respectively. What is the horizontal velocity of the third skydiver, whose mass is 55 kg?
A 0.0250-kg bullet is accelerated from rest to a speed of 550 m/s in a 3.00-kg rifle. The pain of the rifle's kick is much worse if you hold the gun loosely a few centimeters from your shoulder rather than holding it tightly against your shoulder. (a) Calculate the recoil velocity of the rifle if it is held loosely away from the shoulder. (b) How much kinetic energy does the rifle gain? (c) What is the recoil velocity if the rifle is held tightly against the shoulder, making the effective mass 28.0 kg? (d) How much kinetic energy is transferred to the rifle shoulder combination? The pain is related to the amount of kinetic energy, which is significantly less in this latter situation. (e) Calculate the momentum of a 110-kg football player running at 8.00 m/s. Compare the player's momentum with the momentum of a hard-thrown 0.410-kg football that has a speed of 25.0 m/s. Discuss its relationship to this problem.

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