Earth Science (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134543536
Author: Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 14, Problem 1GST
a)
To determine
The seasonal changes in the amount of sea ice influencing the salinity of the remaining surface water.
a)
Expert Solution
Answer to Problem 1GST
Surface salinity can vary seasonally at the poles as sea ice freezes and melts. When sea ice is formed, only the water portion of the ocean freezes, leaving behind all dissolved salts in the liquid ocean. This serves to increase the salinity. As sea ice melts, salinity decreases.
Explanation of Solution
Surface salinity in polar latitudes varies seasonally due to the formation and melting of sea ice. In winter, when the seawater freezes, only a small portion of salt becomes a part of ice and hence the salinity of the remaining water increases. During summer, when seawater melts, the freshwater from the melting ice gets added to the seawater by diluting the solution resulting in decrease in salinity.
b)
To determine
The density of water greater before or after the formation of sea ice.
b)
Expert Solution
Answer to Problem 1GST
Water density is greater after sea ice forms because there is a greater concentration of dissolved solids left behind in the water.
Explanation of Solution
When sea ice is formed, only the water portion of the ocean freezes, leaving behind all dissolved salts in the liquid ocean. Hence, the water density will be greater after the formation of sea ice because there is a greater amount of dissolved solids left behind in the water.
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