The working of a hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell is to be explained. Concept introduction: Oxidation is the addition of an electronegative element or the removal of an electropositive element in a chemical reaction . Reduction is the addition of an electropositive element or the removal of an electronegative element in a chemical reaction. Electrolysis is the process in which a reaction takes place at electrodes. The positively charged electrode is called anode. The negatively charged electrode is called cathode. During electrolysis, reduction takes place at the cathode and oxidation takes place at the anode. Fuel cells do not produce pollutants like carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides.

Question

The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation. a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have the same energy and number of particles. b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate, show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann distribution. macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3 ε/k (K) Populations Populations Populations 300 5 3 4 200 7 9 8 100 15 17 16 0 33 31 32 DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 17E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The working of a hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Oxidation is the addition of an electronegative element or the removal of an electropositive element in a chemical reaction.

Reduction is the addition of an electropositive element or the removal of an electronegative element in a chemical reaction.

Electrolysis is the process in which a reaction takes place at electrodes. The positively charged electrode is called anode. The negatively charged electrode is called cathode. During electrolysis, reduction takes place at the cathode and oxidation takes place at the anode.

Fuel cells do not produce pollutants like carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides.

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The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation. a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have the same energy and number of particles. b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate, show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann distribution. macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3 ε/k (K) Populations Populations Populations 300 5 3 4 200 7 9 8 100 15 17 16 0 33 31 32 DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1

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