Chapter 14, Problem 15E

Identify each structural formula as belonging to an alkyl halide, alcohol, amine, carboxylic acid, ester, or amide.

1. (a) CH₃CH₂NH₂
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)
5. (e)
6. (f)

To determine

The given structural formula, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ as an alkyl halide, alcohol, amine, carboxylic acid, ester or amide.

Answer to Problem 15E

The compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ belongs to the amine.

Explanation of Solution

Given Info: The compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$.

Explanation:

The condensed structural formula of a given compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$. The given compound contains one nitrogen atom.

The general formula of an amine is $\text{R}-{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$. Where $\text{R}$ is an alkyl group. One or two alkyl $\left(-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)$ groups attached to the nitrogen atom of the amino $\left(-{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}\right)$ group. For example, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$, ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\text{NH}$ etc.

Therefore, the compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ belongs to the amine.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ belongs to the amine.

To determine

The given structural formula, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{NH}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ as an alkyl halide, alcohol, amine, carboxylic acid, ester or amide.

Answer to Problem 15E

The compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{NH}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ belongs to an amide.

Explanation of Solution

Given Info: The compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{NH}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$.

Explanation:

The condensed structural formula of a given compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{NH}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$. The given compound contains one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom.

The general formula of an amide is $\text{R}-\text{CO}-\text{NH}-\text{R'}$. Where $\text{R}$ and $\text{R'}$ are alkyl groups. One or two alkyl $\left(-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)$ groups attached to the nitrogen atom of the amino $\left(\text{R}-\text{CO}-\text{NH}-\right)$ group. One alkyl $\left(-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)$ group attached to the carbon atom of the carbonyl $\left(-\text{CO}-\text{NH}-\text{R'}\right)$ group. For example, ${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_5\text{CO}-\text{NH}-{\text{CH}}_3$, ${\text{CH}}_3\text{CO}-{\text{NH}}_2$ etc.

Therefore, the compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{NH}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ belongs to an amide.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{NH}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ belongs to an amide.

To determine

The given structural formula as an alkyl halide, alcohol, amine, carboxylic acid, ester or amide.

Answer to Problem 15E

The compound cyclopropyl propanoate belongs to an ester.

Explanation of Solution

Given Info: The compound is cyclopropyl propanoate.

Explanation:

The IUPAC name of given compound is cyclopropyl propanoate. The compound contains two oxygen atoms.

The general formula for an ester is $\text{R}-\text{CO}-\text{O}-\text{R'}$. Where $\text{R}$ and $\text{R'}$ are alkyl groups. $\text{R}$ and $\text{R'}$ may be identical but they are usually different. For example, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CO}-\text{O}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CO}-\text{O}-{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}$ etc.

Therefore, the compound cyclopropyl propanoate belongs to an ester.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the compound cyclopropyl propanoate belongs to an ester.

To determine

The given structural formula, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{OH}$ as an alkyl halide, alcohol, amine, carboxylic acid, ester or amide.

Answer to Problem 15E

The compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{OH}$ belongs to a carboxylic acid.

Explanation of Solution

Given Info: The compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{OH}$.

Explanation:

The condensed structural formula of a given compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{OH}$. The given compound contains two oxygen atoms.

The general formula of a carboxylic acid is $\text{R}-\text{CO}-\text{OH}$. Where $\text{R}$ is an alkyl group. One alkyl $\left(-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)$ group attached to the carbon atom of the carbonyl $\left(-\text{CO}-\text{OH}\right)$ group. For example, ${\text{CH}}_3-\text{CO}-\text{OH}$, $\text{H}-\text{CO}-\text{OH}$ etc.

Therefore, the compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{OH}$ belongs to a carboxylic acid.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{CO}-\text{OH}$ belongs to a carboxylic acid.

To determine

The given structural formula, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHCl}-{\text{CH}}_3$ as an alkyl halide, alcohol, amine, carboxylic acid, ester or amide.

Answer to Problem 15E

The compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHCl}-{\text{CH}}_3$ belongs to an alkyl halide.

Explanation of Solution

Given Info: The compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHCl}-{\text{CH}}_3$.

Explanation:

The condensed structural formula of a given compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHCl}-{\text{CH}}_3$. The given compound contains one chlorine atom.

The general formula of an alkyl halide is $\text{R}-\text{X}$. Where $\text{R}$ is an alkyl group and $\text{X}$ is a halogen group. The halogen groups are fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine etc. For example, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{Cl}$, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}-\text{Br}$ etc.

Therefore, the compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHCl}-{\text{CH}}_3$ belongs to an alkyl halide.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHCl}-{\text{CH}}_3$ belongs to an alkyl halide.

To determine

The given structural formula, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHOH}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ as an alkyl halide, alcohol, amine, carboxylic acid, ester or amide.

Answer to Problem 15E

The compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHOH}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ belongs to an alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

Given Info: The compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHOH}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$.

Explanation:

The condensed structural formula of a given compound is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHOH}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$. The given compound contains one oxygen atom.

The general formula of an alcohol is $\text{R}-\text{OH}$. Where $\text{R}$ is an alkyl group. One alkyl $\left(-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)$ group attached to the oxygen atom of the alcohol $\left(-\text{OH}\right)$ group. For example, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{OH}$, ${\text{CH}}_3-{\text{CH}}_2\text{OH}$ etc.

Therefore, the compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHOH}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ belongs to an alcohol.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the compound ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}-\text{CHOH}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ belongs to an alcohol.