Chapter 14, Problem 14.120P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Group in the periodic table where elements can form compounds of VSEPR class $A{X}_{3}E$ has to be given.

Concept-Introduction:

In VSEPR, the geometry of the molecule is explained based on minimizing electrostatic repulsion between the molecules’ valence electrons around a central atom

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Group in the periodic table where free elements are strong oxidizing agents and form monatomic ions and oxoanions has to be given.

Concept-Introduction:

An oxidizing agent is a substance that oxidizes another substance in a chemical reaction and itself gets reduced.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Group in the periodic table where atoms form compounds by combining with two other atoms that donate one electron each has to be given.

Concept-Introduction:

Group 6A in the periodic table contains 6 valence electrons and the outer electronic configuration of noble gases is ${\text{ns}}^{\text{2}}{\text{np}}^4.$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Group in the periodic table where free elements are strong reducing agents, show only one nonzero oxidation state, and form mainly ionic compounds has to be given.

Concept-Introduction:

A reducing agent is a substance that reduces another substance in a chemical reaction and itself gets oxidized.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Group in the periodic table where elements can form stable compounds with only three

bonds, but as a central atom, they can accept a pair of electrons from a fourth atom without expanding their valence shell has to be given.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Group in the periodic table where only larger members of the group are chemically active has to be given.

Concept-Introduction:

Noble gases are inert gases with completely filled electronic configuration. Helium, neon, argon, xenon, krypton, and radon are the noble gases. Group 8A in the periodic table contains 8 valence electrons and the outer electronic configuration of noble gases is ${\text{ns}}^{\text{2}}{\text{np}}^6.$