Chapter 14, Problem 14.111SP

Interpretation Introduction

To determine:

1. A decrease in volume
The equal number of moles on both sides of the reaction, an increase in volume will have no effect on the equilibrium and thus there is no shift in the direction. Similarly, when you decrease the volume there is no effect on the equilibrium.
2. An increase in temperature:

There are more moles of reactants, an increase in volume will shift the equilibrium to the left in order to favor the reactants.

3. Addition of reactant:

The decrease in volume, the equilibrium will shift towards the side of the reaction with fewer moles. In this case, there are fewer moles of reactants and so the equilibrium will favor the reactants and shift to the left.

4. Addition of catalyst:

An increase in volume always favors the direction that produces more moles of gas and because in this case there are more moles of products, the reaction will shift to the right and produce more moles products.

5. Addition of an inert gas:

Because a decrease in volume always favors the direction that produces fewer moles, this system will shift to right and produce more moles of products.