Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321885326
Author: Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 13TYK
Explain how each of the following makes it difficult to clearly define a species: variation within a species, geographically isolated populations, asexual species, fossil organisms.
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Charles Darwin’s claim, that the species level of classification is just as arbitrary as that of any other taxonomic level, is supported by all of the following observational failures except:
the inability of a cloning species lacking biparental reproduction to interbreed with a different species
the inability of an asexual eukaryotic species to interbreed with a different species
the inability of a sexually-reproducing eukaryotic species to interbreed with a different species
the inability of a prokaryotic species to interbreed with a different species
the inability of an extinct species (like a dinosaur) to interbreed with a different species
Charles Darwin’s claim, that the species level of classification is just as arbitrary as that of any other taxonomic level, is supported by all of the following observational failures except:
the inability of a sexually-reproducing eukaryotic species to interbreed with a different species
the inability of a cloning species lacking biparental reproduction to interbreed with a different species
the inability of an asexual eukaryotic species to interbreed with a different species
the inability of an extinct species (like a dinosaur) to interbreed with a different species
the inability of a prokaryotic species to interbreed with a different species.
Please use and cite any source(s) you can find to answer the following questions:1. List and describe the different ways in which species are defined.2. Explain how each of the following makes it difficult to clearly define a species: variation within aspecies, geographically isolated populations, asexual species, fossil organisms.3. List and describe the pre-zygotic barriers as well as the post-zygotic barriers.4. Explain why allopatric speciation would be less likely on an island close to a mainland than on a moreisolated island.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
Ch. 14 - Name the two types of speciation represented by...Ch. 14 - Fill in the blanks in the following concept map.Ch. 14 - Which concept of species would be most useful to a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 14 - Bird guides once listed the myrtle warbler and...Ch. 14 - Which of the following is an example of a...Ch. 14 - Biologists have found more than 500 species of...Ch. 14 - A new plant species C, which formed from...Ch. 14 - A horse (2n = 64) and a donkey (2n = 62) can mate...Ch. 14 - What prevents horses and donkeys from hybridizing...
Ch. 14 - When hybrids produced in a hybrid zone can breed...Ch. 14 - Which of the following factors would not...Ch. 14 - Explain how each of the following makes it...Ch. 14 - Explain why allopatric speciation would be less...Ch. 14 - What does the term punctuated equilibria describe?Ch. 14 - Can factors that cause sympatric speciation also...Ch. 14 - Cultivated American cotton plants have a total of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 19TYK
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- Discuss the advantages and limitations of the morphological species concept in defining species.arrow_forwardOf the following species concept, which one emphasizes reproductive isolation as the major cause for speciation? Phylogenetic species concept Morphological species concept Biological species concept Evolutionary species conceptarrow_forwardOver time, enough genetic variations can develop within a population to cause it to undergo speciation. Identify the various mechanisms that will prevent different species from being able to reproduce successfully. Which of these mechanisms is the most influential in keeping species sperate?arrow_forward
- For each of the following organism scenarios, select the species concept that is most applicable for distinguishing species. Bacteria African elephants Fossil organisms Closely related bird species occupying different habitats [Choose ] [Choose ] [Choose ] [Choose ] ◄► ◄►arrow_forwardWhich of the following sets of evidence supports the idea that species share common ancestry? Similar modern species are often found living in the same areas Different species share similarities at the genetic, developmental, and structural level Modern populations can be observed diverging from one another, indicating the start of speciation All of the abovearrow_forwardThe biological species concept defines a species by its morphology. In other words all members of the same species look alike? True or false?arrow_forward
- Which of the following concepts applies to both sexual and asexual species? Select all that apply. Question 29 options: Linnean species concept Phylogenetic species concept Fossil species concept Biological species concept Morphological species conceparrow_forwardA species is a group of individual organisms that interbreed and produce fertile, viable offspring. According to this definition, one species is distinguished from another when, in nature, it is not possible for matings between individuals from each species to produce fertile offspring. Evolution is an important mechanism in the formation of new species. The evolution of a new species requires several components including all, BUT A) Evolution of a new species requires a long time. B) Evolution of a new species requires the need for a genetic change. C) Evolution of a new species requires a separation that prevents interbreeding. D) Evolution of a new species requires mutations that produce new genetic traits. not graded use photoarrow_forwarda) How many of the gene trees do you expect to look like the species tree? b) You observe three gene trees in which species X and Z are the closest relatives and seven gene trees where X and Y are the closest relatives. What can you conclude from these data? Group of answer choices Historical hybridization between species W and X Historical hybridization between species X and Y Historical hybridization between species X and Z Historical hybridization between species Y and Zarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about sympatric speciation is correct? It is a process through which two populations can diverge and develop reproductive isolation while in two different geographic area. It is the most common mechanism for populations to form independent species. Postzygotic isolation is the main form of reproductive isolation for the sympatric speciation process. Genetic isolation through large scale chromosomal mutations, such as chromosome inversion or polyploidy, are more likely contributing to sympatric speciation. None of the abovearrow_forwardWhat criteria are used in the biological species concept to define a species? Choose all that apply.- live in same habitat - have same niche - produce viable offspring - have similar genetics - look similar - produce fertile offspring - have similar ancestryarrow_forwardIf the phylogenetic species concept (PSC) were used to define species, rather than the biological species concept (BSC), how might that change the estimates of species diversity (numbers of species) on a worldwide basis? True or False: Estimates of species diversity are likely to change if the PSC is used. In particular, one would expect the number of species to increase. This is because individuals from divergent allopatric populations that can potentially interbreed would belong to the same species under the BSC. These same organisms would be classified as members of different species under the PSC.arrow_forward
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