EBK MICROBIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS: A CLINIC
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259293856
Author: Cowan
Publisher: MCGRAW HILL BOOK COMPANY
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Chapter 13.2, Problem 8AYP
Summary Introduction
To describe:
The structure of the B-cell receptor and the T-cell receptor.
Concept introduction:
Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cells which carries the response of adaptive immunity. They are of two types B and T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes also known as T cells are specialized thymocytes that originate in the thymus and constitute 70% to 80% of lymphocytes circulating in the blood. B lymphocytes also known as B cells that remain in the red bone marrow until the time of their differentiation. B cell gets activated when the molecular shape of antigen fits the shape of its antigenic receptor.
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A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?
The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.
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Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.
The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?
The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.
An isotonic solution had been added instead of water.
A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water.
Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.
The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
With reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobin
Chapter 13 Solutions
EBK MICROBIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS: A CLINIC
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1AYPCh. 13.1 - Prob. 1NPCh. 13.1 - Compare the terms antigen, immunogen, and epitope.Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 3AYPCh. 13.1 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 13.1 - Describe the major histocompatibility complex in...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 1MMCh. 13.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 13.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 13.2 - Prob. 8AYP
Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 13.3 - List characteristics of antigens that optimize...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 13.3 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 13.3 - Prob. 2NPCh. 13.4 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 13.4 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 13.4 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 13.5 - Diagram the steps in B-cell activation, including...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 13.5 - Explain the various end results of antibody...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 13.5 - Draw and label a graphwith time on the horizontal...Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 13.6 - Discuss the qualities of an effective vaccine.Ch. 13.6 - Name the two major categories of vaccines and then...Ch. 13.6 - Explain the principle of herd immunity and the...Ch. 13.6 - 3. Which characteristic is associated with passive...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1CTCh. 13 - The primary B-cell receptor is a. IgD. b. IgA. c....Ch. 13 - Prob. 1VCCh. 13 - Prob. 2CTCh. 13 - In humans, B cells mature in the ___ and T cells...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3CTCh. 13 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 4CTCh. 13 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 5CTCh. 13 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 13 - A vaccine that contains parts of viruses is called...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8MCQ
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