EBK BIOLOGY
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134819150
Author: Maier
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 13, Problem 8LTB
All of the following statements support the hypothesis that humans cannot be classified into biological races except.
- There is more genetic diversity within a racial group than average differences between racial groups;
- Alleles that are common in one population in a racial group may be uncommon in other populations of the same race;
- Geneticists can use particular SNP alleles to identify the ancestral group(s) of any individual human;
- There are no alleles found in all members of a given racial group;
- There is genetic evidence of mixing among human populations occurring thousands of years ago until the present.
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Which of the following are true about human variation? (Choose all that apply):
Group of answer choices
Genotype refers to how a person looks, through interaction of genes and environment.
Siblings are more like each other, genetically, than they are to either of their parents.
Usually, it is only identical twins (or sometimes triplets or other multiple births) who have identical DNA, and even so, there is still some phenotypic variation between them.
You could have genes for being tall, but if your mother (or even grandmother) had poor nutrition during fetal gestation, you could be shorter than your genes allow.
You can produce taller offspring by stretching and remembering to stand up as tall as you can.
The classical twin study is established as the definitive study design for investigating the relative importance of genetic and environmental factors to traits and diseases in human population.
Monozygotic (identical) twins share all of their genes, while Dizygotic(fraternal) twins share only about 50 percent of them, the same as non-twin siblings. If a researcher compares the similarity between sets of identical twins to that of fraternal twins for a particular trait, then any excess likeness between the identical twins should be due to genes rather than environment.
Write an information leaflet evaluating the benefits and dilemmas in the use of human twin studies to investigate the causes of variation.
Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000 people. However, the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black Mesa in Arizona. In light of this example and others that you might be aware of, what can you conclude about particular alleles such as the allele for albinism?
Any allele that leads to an abnormal phenotype will be rare in most populations but common in Native American populations.
Alleles that produce abnormal phenotypes are never beneficial.
An allele that leads to an abnormal phenotype may be beneficial in some environments but harmful in others.
An allele that leads to an abnormal phenotype will rise in frequency after many generations.
An allele that leads to an abnormal phenotype will soon disappear from a population.
Chapter 13 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
Ch. 13 - Define biological species.Ch. 13 - Prob. 2LTBCh. 13 - Prob. 3LTBCh. 13 - Prob. 4LTBCh. 13 - Prob. 5LTBCh. 13 - Prob. 6LTBCh. 13 - The biological definition of race corresponds to...Ch. 13 - All of the following statements support the...Ch. 13 - Similarity in skin color among different human...Ch. 13 - Prob. 10LTB
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- In order for a trait to evolve via natural selection, which of the following must be true regarding the trait? (this is a multiple answer question - so select all correct) Group of answer choices There must be variation in the trait. The trait must make the organism survive longer than organisms with different traits. The trait must confer a reproductive advantage on the bearer of the trait. The trait must be heritable. The trait does not necessarily need to be passed down to offspring.arrow_forwardNASA is planning on sending a colony of Snow Monkeys to mars to determine how evolution will progress outside of our planet. They have calculated the following for 226 individuals: Observed Genotype Frequencies (not in HWE) AA: 0.392 Aa: 0.445 aa: 0,163 If this population was in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium, what would be the expected number of individuals for the homozygous recessive? Retain 1 decimal place.arrow_forwardThe Hardy–Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next, as long as specific conditions are met.Choose Yes or No for the conditions that must be met from the provided statements below. Mutations are exponentially occurring. All members of the population breed. Everyone produces the same number of offspring. The population is infinitely large. There is no migration in or out of the population. No net mutations are occurring. Natural selection of beneficial traits is occurring. Natural selection is not occurring. All mating is completely random. Offspring are able to migrate out of the population.arrow_forward
- Some genetic disorders are caused by autosomal recessive alleles. Many such alleles are recessive lethals, causing lethality very early in life (say, before the age of 20 yrs). Intuitively one might suggest that selection working on human population should completely remove such alleles from the population. Yet, there are many examples of such lethal genetic disorders occurring in low frequency in several human populations. Why is it almost impossible to completely remove these seemingly fitness-detrimental alleles from the population? Under what condition, extinction of such an allele from a population can be achieved?arrow_forwardThe human genome has been fully mapped by the Human Genome Project. Information on the human genome is now freely available on DNA databases. Which statement best describes an ethical issue concerning the Human Genome Project? Responses The money invested in this project can be utilized for other research. The money invested in this project can be utilized for other research. The complete information about the human genome can be utilized to map human ancestry. The complete information about the human genome can be utilized to map human ancestry. The complete information about the human genome can lead to devastating consequences on Earth’s biodiversity. The complete information about the human genome can lead to devastating consequences on Earth’s biodiversity. The human genome will provide information about inherited diseases, which raises the possibility of genetic manipulation in individuals.arrow_forwardMany genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell disease are due to mutations in a recessive allele. You have sampled an isolated population in which you know that the percentage of the homozygous recessive genotype (aa) is 36%. Using that 36%, calculate: 1g. the frequency of the recessive phenotype if "A" is completely dominant over "a” (round to the nearest hundredth)arrow_forward
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