Concept explainers
To describe:
Hepatitis B infections caused by a needlestick during a dental procedure by using the terms given in question, also determine the mode of transmission of the following disease.
Introduction:
Hepatitis B is a disease of liver which is caused by infection of virus. The virus responsible for hepatitis B is HBV (hepatitis B virus) and it belongs to Hepadnaviridae family of viruses.
To describe:
Pneumocystis pneumonia in an AIDS patient and also determine the mode of transmission of the following disease.
Introduction:
HIV is human immunodeficiency virus which causes a very serious disease called AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). HIV interferes with the immune cells of the body and reduces the ability to fight infections.
To describe:
Bubonic plague that is acquired through the bite of a rat flea, and also determine the mode of transmission.
Introduction:
Bubonic plague is a type of bacterial infection caused by bacterium Yersinia pestis. This plague may have deadly effects. It can be spread from the bite of an infected rodent or flea. The plague is characterized by symptoms like fever, headache, swollen and painful lesions, and vomiting.
To determine:
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome infection acquired while vacationing in a log cabin.
Introduction:
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is a viral infection which develops its symptoms within a week. It is a fatal, respiratory disease that occurs in human by infection caused by hantaviruses.
To describe:
The disease salmonellosis and also determine the mode of transmission.
Introduction:
Salmonellosis is a type of bacterial infection caused by the strain of Salmonella bacterium. This bacterium mainly transmitted to humans through contaminated food or water. The infection results in typhoid fever and sometimes it causes severe deadly disease.
To describe:
The undiagnosed chlamydiosis and also determine the mode of transmission of the disease.
Introduction:
Chlamydiosis is a common sexually transmitted disease. It is caused by the bacteria called Chlamydia trachomatis. It can infect both men and women. Chlamydia doesn’t usually cause any symptoms.
To describe:
The disease mononucleosis that is transmitted via a shared drinking glass.
Introduction:
Respiratory droplet and saliva is the exit route for several viruses, including those of mumps, rabies, and infectious mononucleosis. Mononucleosis includes a viral disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus.
To describe:
The disease neonatal gonorrhea and also determine the mode of transmission of this disease.
Introduction:
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease which causes infection in the reproductive part of females. This infection can also pass to the newborns known as neonatal gonorrhea.

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Chapter 13 Solutions
COWAN CONNECT ACCESS CARD MICROBIOLOGY:
- If a bacterium using aerobic respiration was to degrade one small protein molecule into 8 molecules of pyruvic acid, how many ATP would that cell make? Assume there is no other carbon source. Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in molecules of ATP.arrow_forwardIf a bacterium using aerobic respiration was to degrade a 30 mM solution of citric acid, how many ATP would that cell make? Assume no other carbon source is available. Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in mM of ATP.arrow_forwardHow much ATP will be produced during the following metabolic scenario: Aerobic respiration of a 5mM lipid solution that is made up of one glycerol and an 8-carbon fatty acid and 12-carbon fatty acid. Recall that when glycerol breaks down to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate it costs one ATP but your get an extra FADH2. Every two carbons of a fatty acid break down to one acetyl-CoA. (pathways will be provided on the exam) Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in mM of ATP.arrow_forward
- When beta-lactamase was isolated from Staphylcoccus aureus and treated with a phosphorylating agent, only the active site, serine was phosphorylated. Additionally, the serine was found to constitute 0.35% (by weight) of this beta-lactamase enzyme. Using this, calculate the molecular weight of this enzyme and estimate the number of amino acids present in the polypeptide.arrow_forwardBased on your results from the Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) media, which of your bacteria were mannitol fermenters and which were not mannitol fermenters?arrow_forwardhelp tutor pleasearrow_forward
- Q8. A researcher wants to study the effectiveness of a pill intended to reduce stomach heartburn in pregnant women. The researcher chooses randomly 400 women to participate in this experiment for 9 months of their pregnancy period. They all need to have the same diet. The researcher designs two groups of 200 participants: One group take the real medication intended to reduce heartburn, while the other group take placebo medication. In this study what are: Independent variable: Dependent variable: Control variable: Experimental group: " Control group: If the participants do not know who is consuming the real pills and who is consuming the sugar pills. This study is It happens that 40% of the participants do not find the treatment helpful and drop out after 6 months. The researcher throws out the data from subjects that drop out. What type of bias is there in this study? If the company who makes the medication funds this research, what type of bias might exist in this research work?arrow_forwardHow do I determine the inhertiance pattern from the pedigree diagram?arrow_forwardits an open book assignemntarrow_forward
- Describe two different gene regulation mechanisms involving methylationarrow_forwardWhat is behavioral adaptarrow_forward22. Which of the following mutant proteins is expected to have a dominant negative effect when over- expressed in normal cells? a. mutant PI3-kinase that lacks the SH2 domain but retains the kinase function b. mutant Grb2 protein that cannot bind to RTK c. mutant RTK that lacks the extracellular domain d. mutant PDK that has the PH domain but lost the kinase function e. all of the abovearrow_forward
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