a. To determine: The evidence that the entire genome of an ancestral rice plant species is responsible for duplication. Introduction: An organism cannot tolerate mutations in a gene. The mutations are essential for the variations in the population of an organism. The process of duplication provides two copies of the gene.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 53P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The evidence that the entire genome of an ancestral rice plant species is responsible for duplication.

Introduction:

An organism cannot tolerate mutations in a gene. The mutations are essential for the variations in the population of an organism. The process of duplication provides two copies of the gene.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The reason for the fact that a rice plant is diploid rather than tetraploid if an ancestor rice plant undergoes whole-genome duplication.

Introduction:

The process of evolution depends on the existence of variation in DNA sequences. The variants that enable the organism to survive normally in a particular environment will spread throughout the population.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The chromosomes of rice that have sequences which are originated in the other ancestral chromosomes.

Introduction:

A chromosome is a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and proteins. The chromosomes are present in the nucleus of living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The evidence that support the genesis of chromosome Os12 involves a translocation event.

Introduction:

Chromosome translocation is a phenomenon which leads to the unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. It involves balanced and unbalanced translocation. It is of two types, first is reciprocal, and the other is Robertsonian translocation.

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1.) Community Diversity: The brown and orange line represent two different plant communities. a. Which color represents the community with a higher species richness? b. Which color represents the community with a higher species evenness? Relative abundance 0.1 0.04 0.001 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Rank abundance c. What is the maximum value of the Simpson's diversity index (remember, Simpson's index is D = p², Simpson's diversity index is 1-D)? d. If the Simpson's diversity index equals 1, what does that mean about the number of species and their relative abundance within community being assessed?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 53P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The evidence that the entire genome of an ancestral rice plant species is responsible for duplication.

Introduction:

An organism cannot tolerate mutations in a gene. The mutations are essential for the variations in the population of an organism. The process of duplication provides two copies of the gene.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The reason for the fact that a rice plant is diploid rather than tetraploid if an ancestor rice plant undergoes whole-genome duplication.

Introduction:

The process of evolution depends on the existence of variation in DNA sequences. The variants that enable the organism to survive normally in a particular environment will spread throughout the population.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The chromosomes of rice that have sequences which are originated in the other ancestral chromosomes.

Introduction:

A chromosome is a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and proteins. The chromosomes are present in the nucleus of living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The evidence that support the genesis of chromosome Os12 involves a translocation event.

Introduction:

Chromosome translocation is a phenomenon which leads to the unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. It involves balanced and unbalanced translocation. It is of two types, first is reciprocal, and the other is Robertsonian translocation.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 53P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The evidence that the entire genome of an ancestral rice plant species is responsible for duplication.

Introduction:

An organism cannot tolerate mutations in a gene. The mutations are essential for the variations in the population of an organism. The process of duplication provides two copies of the gene.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The reason for the fact that a rice plant is diploid rather than tetraploid if an ancestor rice plant undergoes whole-genome duplication.

Introduction:

The process of evolution depends on the existence of variation in DNA sequences. The variants that enable the organism to survive normally in a particular environment will spread throughout the population.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The chromosomes of rice that have sequences which are originated in the other ancestral chromosomes.

Introduction:

A chromosome is a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and proteins. The chromosomes are present in the nucleus of living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The evidence that support the genesis of chromosome Os12 involves a translocation event.

Introduction:

Chromosome translocation is a phenomenon which leads to the unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. It involves balanced and unbalanced translocation. It is of two types, first is reciprocal, and the other is Robertsonian translocation.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 53P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The evidence that the entire genome of an ancestral rice plant species is responsible for duplication.

Introduction:

An organism cannot tolerate mutations in a gene. The mutations are essential for the variations in the population of an organism. The process of duplication provides two copies of the gene.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The reason for the fact that a rice plant is diploid rather than tetraploid if an ancestor rice plant undergoes whole-genome duplication.

Introduction:

The process of evolution depends on the existence of variation in DNA sequences. The variants that enable the organism to survive normally in a particular environment will spread throughout the population.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The chromosomes of rice that have sequences which are originated in the other ancestral chromosomes.

Introduction:

A chromosome is a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and proteins. The chromosomes are present in the nucleus of living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The evidence that support the genesis of chromosome Os12 involves a translocation event.

Introduction:

Chromosome translocation is a phenomenon which leads to the unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. It involves balanced and unbalanced translocation. It is of two types, first is reciprocal, and the other is Robertsonian translocation.

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See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 13, Problem 53P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The evidence that the entire genome of an ancestral rice plant species is responsible for duplication.

Introduction:

An organism cannot tolerate mutations in a gene. The mutations are essential for the variations in the population of an organism. The process of duplication provides two copies of the gene.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The reason for the fact that a rice plant is diploid rather than tetraploid if an ancestor rice plant undergoes whole-genome duplication.

Introduction:

The process of evolution depends on the existence of variation in DNA sequences. The variants that enable the organism to survive normally in a particular environment will spread throughout the population.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The chromosomes of rice that have sequences which are originated in the other ancestral chromosomes.

Introduction:

A chromosome is a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and proteins. The chromosomes are present in the nucleus of living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The evidence that support the genesis of chromosome Os12 involves a translocation event.

Introduction:

Chromosome translocation is a phenomenon which leads to the unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. It involves balanced and unbalanced translocation. It is of two types, first is reciprocal, and the other is Robertsonian translocation.

Answer 6

Chapter 13, Problem 53P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The evidence that the entire genome of an ancestral rice plant species is responsible for duplication.

Introduction:

An organism cannot tolerate mutations in a gene. The mutations are essential for the variations in the population of an organism. The process of duplication provides two copies of the gene.

Answer 7

Chapter 13, Problem 53P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The evidence that the entire genome of an ancestral rice plant species is responsible for duplication.

Introduction:

An organism cannot tolerate mutations in a gene. The mutations are essential for the variations in the population of an organism. The process of duplication provides two copies of the gene.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The reason for the fact that a rice plant is diploid rather than tetraploid if an ancestor rice plant undergoes whole-genome duplication.

Introduction:

The process of evolution depends on the existence of variation in DNA sequences. The variants that enable the organism to survive normally in a particular environment will spread throughout the population.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The reason for the fact that a rice plant is diploid rather than tetraploid if an ancestor rice plant undergoes whole-genome duplication.

Introduction:

The process of evolution depends on the existence of variation in DNA sequences. The variants that enable the organism to survive normally in a particular environment will spread throughout the population.

Answer 10

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The chromosomes of rice that have sequences which are originated in the other ancestral chromosomes.

Introduction:

A chromosome is a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and proteins. The chromosomes are present in the nucleus of living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes.

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The chromosomes of rice that have sequences which are originated in the other ancestral chromosomes.

Introduction:

A chromosome is a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and proteins. The chromosomes are present in the nucleus of living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes.

Answer 12

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The evidence that support the genesis of chromosome Os12 involves a translocation event.

Introduction:

Chromosome translocation is a phenomenon which leads to the unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. It involves balanced and unbalanced translocation. It is of two types, first is reciprocal, and the other is Robertsonian translocation.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The evidence that support the genesis of chromosome Os12 involves a translocation event.

Introduction:

Chromosome translocation is a phenomenon which leads to the unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. It involves balanced and unbalanced translocation. It is of two types, first is reciprocal, and the other is Robertsonian translocation.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

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Solution Summary: The author analyzes the evidence that the entire genome of an ancestral rice plant species is responsible for duplication.

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