Microeconomics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260507041
Author: Colander, David
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Question
Chapter 13, Problem 4QAP
(a)
To determine
Check whether the
(b)
To determine
Check whether perfect competition without perfect knowledge reflects the real world.
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Students have asked these similar questions
You read in a business magazine that farmers are reaping high profits. With the theory of perfect competition in mind, what do you expect to happen over time (in the long run) to each of the following?
The equilibrium output in agricultural markets
based on what happens to the price given the change in supply, what do you think will happen to the equilibrium quantity? Will it remain the same, increase or decrease?
George Stigler, "Perfect Competition, Historically Contemplated," Journal of Political Economy,Vol. 55, No. 1, (February 1957), pp. 1-17.
Despite the fact that few firms sell identical products in markets where there are no barriers to entry, economists believe that the model of perfect competition is important because
A.
economists prefer studying theoretical markets instead of actual markets.
B.
all markets eventually become perfectly competitive.
C.
it is a
benchmark—a
market with the maximum possible
competition—that
economists use to evaluate actual markets that are not perfectly competitive.
D.
this is the type of market that our business laws protect and promote.
Suppose the shirts industry is perfectly competitive and begins in a long-run equilibrium.
(a) Pluto Company invents a new production process that reduces the production cost. What happens to Pluto Company’s profits and the price of shirts in the short run when Pluto Company’s patent prevents other firms from using the new technology?
(b) What happens in the long run when the patent expires and other firms are free to use the technology?
Chapter 13 Solutions
Microeconomics
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1QCh. 13.1 - Prob. 2QCh. 13.1 - Prob. 3QCh. 13.1 - Prob. 4QCh. 13.1 - Prob. 5QCh. 13.1 - Prob. 6QCh. 13.1 - Prob. 7QCh. 13.1 - Prob. 8QCh. 13.1 - Prob. 9QCh. 13.1 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1QECh. 13 - Prob. 2QECh. 13 - Prob. 3QECh. 13 - Prob. 4QECh. 13 - Prob. 5QECh. 13 - Prob. 6QECh. 13 - Prob. 7QECh. 13 - Prob. 8QECh. 13 - Prob. 9QECh. 13 - Prob. 10QECh. 13 - Prob. 11QECh. 13 - Prob. 12QECh. 13 - Prob. 13QECh. 13 - Prob. 14QECh. 13 - Prob. 15QECh. 13 - Prob. 16QECh. 13 - Prob. 17QECh. 13 - Prob. 18QECh. 13 - Prob. 19QECh. 13 - Prob. 20QECh. 13 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 5QAPCh. 13 - Prob. 1IPCh. 13 - Prob. 2IPCh. 13 - Prob. 3IPCh. 13 - Prob. 4IPCh. 13 - Prob. 5IP
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Similar questions
- Many economists would argue that there is no such thing as perfect competition in the real world. What limitations to that theory would support their argument?arrow_forwardAssume the firms in a perfectly competitive market are initially incurring economic losses. An increase in supply would cause existing firms' economic losses to decrease. True OR False?arrow_forwardPlease give the solution of sub question d&e.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a market to be perfectly competitive?arrow_forwardConsider two perfectly competitive industries, A and B, both operating in a state of long-run equilibrium and subject to constant returns to scale. Now let consumers' preferences change: more demand is directed to industry A and less to B. Give an explanation of what will happen (a) in the short run, and (b) in the long run. (Describe and explain the shifts that will occur in the relevant curves.) HTML Editor B IUA A I E E = E E X 三E D ¶ 1 12pt Paragraparrow_forwardWe expect that firms in perfectly competitive markets can earn higher economic profits in the short run but will only earn normal profit in the long run. Why do we expect perfectly competitive firms to be unable to earn high economic profit in the long run? The inability of perfectly competitive firms to earn high economic profit in the long run is dependent on there being low barriers to entry in perfectly competitive markets. Explain why this is the case. Why do firms remain in business if they cannot earn economic profit?arrow_forward
- Will a profit-maximizing firm in a competitive market ever produce a positive level of output in the range where the marginal cost is falling? Give an explanation.arrow_forwardIn the long run, perfectly competitive firms make zero economic profit. If this is the case, why does the firm even bother producing? Why not exit the market completely?arrow_forwardWhy are perfectly competitive markets considered economically efficient?arrow_forward
- We’ve observed that there are few examples of perfectly competitive markets in the real world, yet we use the model of perfect competition as a comparison with other market structures. Can you think of any examples of monopoly in the real world?Describe something you believe could possibly called a monopoly and explain why it fits the characteristics of a monopoly. Is your example a true, unregulated monopoly? (For example, Microsoft has been called a monopoly, but it is not the sole producer of computer operating systems, so strictly speaking it’s not a monopoly.) If there are few true monopolies, what can we learn from studying that market structure?arrow_forwardMicroeconomics: Why do firms enter an industry when they know that in the long run economic profit will be zero?arrow_forward1. Characteristics of competitive markets The model of competitive markets relies on the following four core assumptions: 1. There must be many buyers and sellers, none of which is large in relation to total sales or purchases. In other words, a few players can't dominate the entire market. 2. Each firm produces and sells a homogeneous product that is indistinguishable from all other firms' products in a given industry. That is, buyers must regard all sellers' products as equivalent, or identical. 3. Buyers and sellers have all relevant information about prices, product quality, sources of supply, etc. 4. Firms have free entry into and exit from the industry. New firms can enter the market easily, and existing firms can exit the market easily. There are no barriers to entry or exit. The first three assumptions imply that all consumers and firms are price takers. The final assumption is not necessary for price-taking behavior, but guarantees that a market remains competitive in the long…arrow_forward
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