FUNDAMENTALS OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260664386
Author: PHILLIPS, LIBB
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 4ME
Interpreting Vertical Analyses
Refer to the calculations from M13-2. Which of the ratios from Exhibit 13.5 have been included in these calculations? Have these two ratios improved or deteriorated in the current year compared to the previous year?
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Vertical analysis compares each item on a financial statement with:
a corresponding item on a different statement of the same year.
B.
a total or key amount on the same statement.
an industry average.
a total or key amount on the financial statement of the previous period.
Set out below are the financial statements for KLEE Inc. Limited:
Profit and Loss Accounts ($)
2015
(S000's)
2016
(5000's)
Sales
285
200
Profit before interest and tax
92
84
Interest
10
10
Profit on ordinary activities before taxation
82
74
Тахабоn
32
29
50
Profit on ordinary activities after taxation
Dividends
Retained profit
15
15
35
30
Balance Sheets ($)
Fixed Assets
Fixed Assets
24
58
Current Assets
Stock
25
20
Debtors
Cash
21
20
3
49
48
Current Liabilities
Trade Creditors
18
18
Тахafon payable
Proposed dividend
11
8
15
15
42
41
Net Current Assets
7
5
31
61
Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year
10% Debentures
10
10
Total Net Assets
21
51
Shareholders' Funds
Share Capital
Profit and loss account
5
5
18
48
21
51
When performing a horizontal analysis on an income statement, the percentage change inany individual item is calculated by dividing the dollar amount of the change from the baseperiod to the current period bya. the base period amount.b. the current period amount.c. the amount estimated for the future period.d. the average of the base and the current period amounts.
Chapter 13 Solutions
FUNDAMENTALS OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Ch. 13 - What is the general goal of trend analysis?Ch. 13 - Prob. 2QCh. 13 - What is ratio analysis? Why is it useful?Ch. 13 - What benchmarks are commonly used for interpreting...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5QCh. 13 - Prob. 6QCh. 13 - Slow Cellars current ratio increased from 1.2 to...Ch. 13 - From last year to this year, Colossal Companys...Ch. 13 - From last year to this year, Berry Bam reported...Ch. 13 - Explain whether the following situations, taken...
Ch. 13 - What are the two essential characteristics of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 12QCh. 13 - Prob. 13QCh. 13 - Prob. 14QCh. 13 - Prob. 15QCh. 13 - Prob. 16QCh. 13 - 1. Which of the following ratios is not used to...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2MCCh. 13 - Prob. 3MCCh. 13 - Analysts use ratios to a. Compare different...Ch. 13 - Which of the following ratios incorporates stock...Ch. 13 - Prob. 6MCCh. 13 - Prob. 7MCCh. 13 - A bank is least likely to use which of the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9MCCh. 13 - (Supplement 13A) Which of the following items is...Ch. 13 - Calculations for Horizontal Analyses Using the...Ch. 13 - Calculations for Vertical Analyses Refer to M13-1....Ch. 13 - Interpreting Horizontal Analyses Refer to the...Ch. 13 - Interpreting Vertical Analyses Refer to the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5MECh. 13 - Prob. 6MECh. 13 - Prob. 7MECh. 13 - Analyzing the Inventory Turnover Ratio A...Ch. 13 - Inferring Financial Information Using the Current...Ch. 13 - Prob. 10MECh. 13 - Identifying Relevant Ratios Identify the ratio...Ch. 13 - Prob. 12MECh. 13 - Analyzing the Impact of Accounting Alternatives...Ch. 13 - Describing the Effect of Accounting Decisions on...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1ECh. 13 - Prob. 2ECh. 13 - Prob. 3ECh. 13 - Prob. 4ECh. 13 - Prob. 5ECh. 13 - Matching Each Ratio with Its Computational Formula...Ch. 13 - Computing and Interpreting Selected Liquidity...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8ECh. 13 - Prob. 9ECh. 13 - Prob. 10ECh. 13 - Prob. 11ECh. 13 - Prob. 12ECh. 13 - Prob. 13ECh. 13 - Prob. 14ECh. 13 - Analyzing the Impact of Alternative Inventory...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1CPCh. 13 - Prob. 2CPCh. 13 - Prob. 3CPCh. 13 - Prob. 4CPCh. 13 - Prob. 5CPCh. 13 - Prob. 6CPCh. 13 - Prob. 7CPCh. 13 - Prob. 1PACh. 13 - Prob. 2PACh. 13 - Prob. 3PACh. 13 - Prob. 4PACh. 13 - Prob. 5PACh. 13 - Using Ratios to Compare Loan Requests from Two...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7PACh. 13 - Prob. 1PBCh. 13 - Prob. 2PBCh. 13 - Prob. 3PBCh. 13 - Prob. 4PBCh. 13 - Prob. 5PBCh. 13 - Using Ratios to Compare Loan Requests from Two...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7PBCh. 13 - Prob. 1SDCCh. 13 - Prob. 2SDCCh. 13 - Prob. 5SDCCh. 13 - Prob. 6SDCCh. 13 - Prob. 7SDCCh. 13 - Prob. 1CC
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- Compare your printout from requirement 2 with your printout from requirement 4. From these two sets of ratios, what conclusions can be drawn concerning changes from 2012 and 2013?arrow_forwardFor the return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) ratios, perform a DuPont decomposition andanalyze the components of the ratios in both years. Comment on which components of the ROE and ROAratios are driving the changes in the ratios you observe. Here is my ROE for years 2021 (1728.1 / 11,951.5= 14.5%) and 2020 (1066.8 / 9759.1= 11.3%) Here is my ROA for 2021 (1728.1 / 13,555) * 100 = 12.7488% and 2020 (1066.8 / 11,168.9) * 100 = 9.5515%arrow_forwardchoose: When a balance sheet amount is related to an income statement amount in comparing a ratio a. The ratio losses its historical perspective because at the beginning of the year amount is combined with an end of the year amount. b. The income statement amount should be converted to an average for the year. c. Comparisons should be converted to market value d. The balance sheet amount should be converted to an average for the year.arrow_forward
- = The current year financial statements for Blue Water Company and Prime Fish Company are presented below. Prime Fish Balance sheet Cash Accounts receivable (net) Inventory Property & equipment (net) Other assets Total assets Current liabilities Long-term debt (interest rate: 15%) Capital stock ($10 par value) Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Total liabilities and stockholders' equity Income statement Sales revenue (1/2 on credit) Cost of goods sold Operating expenses Net income Other data Per share stock price at end of current year Blue Water $ 42,300 44,500 92,500 159,500 85,300 $ 424,100 $ 92,500 74,100 157,100 30,300 70,100 $ 424,100 $ 427,500 (234,500) (163,600) $ 29,400 $ 23.3 45% $ 19,700 34,900 47,800 416,600 318,000 $ 34,300 $ 837,000 $ 68,500 62,600 525,000 107,300 73,600 $ 837,000 $ 789,000 (401,300) (312,300) $ 75,400 $28 45% Average income tax rate Dividends declared and paid in current year Both companies are in the fish catching and manufacturing business.…arrow_forward1. Horizontal analysis is a lechnique for evaluating a series of financial statement data over a period of time a. that has been amranged from the loweet number to the highest number. b. to determine which iteme are in error. C to determine the amount and/or percentage increase or decrease that has taken place d. that has been arranged from the highest number to the lowest numberarrow_forwardTo calculate a year-to-year percentage change in any financial statement line item such as sales, you determine the current-year amount and prior-year amount and divide the difference by: A) Total assets B) Net income C) The current year’s amount D) The prior years amountarrow_forward
- Horizontal analysis : a. Is a technique for evaluating a series of financial statement data over a period of time. b. Is also known as trend analysis c. Is used to determine the increase or decrease that has taken place. d. Is expressed as either an amount or a percentage. e. All of the above.arrow_forwardInstructions: I. Resolve the ratios listed on table a for each year (2020 & 2021): a. For each ratio includes the formula with math computes (2020 & 2021) b. . Fill M&G Industries Ratio Analysis Table A. (2020 & 2021) II. Perform the following Analysis: a. Explain each ratio results for 2021 only. b. Compare each ratio performance with the previous year results (compare 2021 results with 2020 results) c. Compare each Ratio results for 2021 with their respective Industry average.arrow_forwardInstructions: I. Resolve the ratios listed on table a for each year (2020 & 2021): a. For each ratio includes the formula with math computes (2020 & 2021) b. . Fill M&G Industries Ratio Analysis Table A. (2020 & 2021) II. Perform the following Analysis: a. Explain each ratio results for 2021 only. b. Compare each ratio performance with the previous year results (compare 2021 results with 2020 results) c. Compare each Ratio results for 2021 with their respective Industry average. III. Base on the previous results, evaluate and explain the Company financial position using the following questions: 1. How liquid is the firm? 2. Is management generating adequate operating profits on the firm’s assets? 3. How is the firm financing its assets? 4. Are the owners (stockholders) receiving an adequate return on their investment?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are true? Vertical Analysis is also termed as trend analysis. When all the figures in a balance sheet are stated as percentage of the total, it is termed as horizontal analysis. When financial statements of several years are analyzed, it is termed as vertical analysis. O Horizontal analysis is also known as trend analysis.arrow_forwardTRUE OR FALSE . Financial statements that reflect financial data for two or more periods are often referred toas comparative statements2. Development of data that measure changes occurring from one accounting period to anotheris a form of horizontal analysis3. One form of horizontal analysis is the development of an index- number trend series4. When preparing an index-number trend series, the first year presented must always be thebase (i.e. 100%)5. Index numbers can only be computed when amounts are positive6. Common size financial statements are a widely used vertical analysis technique7. A common-size income statement usually shows each revenue or expense item as apercentage of net sales8. Comparability between enterprises is more difficult to obtain than comparability within asingle enterprise9. Computation of ratios for an accounting period is a form of horizontal analysis10. Generally, the first concern of a financial analyst is a firm’s liquidity11. The working capital ratio is…arrow_forwardHorizontal analysis is a technique for evaluating financial statement dataa. for one period of timeb. over a period of timec. on a certain dated. as it may appear in the futurearrow_forward
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