Chapter 13, Problem 49E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbon show unique properties, it forms very large no. of molecule. Catenation is the linkage of atom of the same element in to long chain, this property dominate in carbon atom. Due to which carbon forms very large no. of compound. Carbon is capable of forming many allotropes due to its valency. Well known forms of carbon include diamond and graphite.

Concept introduction:

In diamond all the carbon atoms have strong chemical bonds to four other carbon atoms, making perfect tetrahedral on and on throughout the crystal.

In graphite all the carbon atoms have strong chemical bonds to three other carbon atoms making sheets that look like chicken wire, weak forces hold the sheets to gether hybridisation of carbon atom in graphite is $s{p}^2$, But in diamond is $s{p}^3$.

To determine:

Explain why the graphite structure of carbon allows graphite to be used as a lubricant, but the diamond structure of carbon does not.