Nitrogen and oxygen react at high temperatures. (a) Write the expression for the equilibrium constant ( K c ) for the reversible reaction N 2 ( g ) + O 2 ( g ) ⇌ 2NO ( g ) Δ H = 181 kJ (b) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if more O 2 is added? (c) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if N 2 is removed? (d) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if NO is added? (e) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if the pressure on the system is increased by reducing the volume of the reaction vessel? (f) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if the temperature of the system is increased? (g) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if a catalyst is added?
Nitrogen and oxygen react at high temperatures. (a) Write the expression for the equilibrium constant ( K c ) for the reversible reaction N 2 ( g ) + O 2 ( g ) ⇌ 2NO ( g ) Δ H = 181 kJ (b) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if more O 2 is added? (c) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if N 2 is removed? (d) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if NO is added? (e) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if the pressure on the system is increased by reducing the volume of the reaction vessel? (f) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if the temperature of the system is increased? (g) What will happen to the concentrations of N 2 , O 2 , and NO at equilibrium if a catalyst is added?
(a) Write the expression for the equilibrium constant (Kc) for the reversible reaction
N
2
(
g
)
+
O
2
(
g
)
⇌
2NO
(
g
)
Δ
H
=
181
kJ
(b) What will happen to the concentrations of N2, O2, and NO at equilibrium if more O2 is added?
(c) What will happen to the concentrations of N2, O2, and NO at equilibrium if N2 is removed?
(d) What will happen to the concentrations of N2, O2, and NO at equilibrium if NO is added?
(e) What will happen to the concentrations of N2, O2, and NO at equilibrium if the pressure on the system is increased by reducing the volume of the reaction vessel?
(f) What will happen to the concentrations of N2, O2, and NO at equilibrium if the temperature of the system is increased?
(g) What will happen to the concentrations of N2, O2, and NO at equilibrium if a catalyst is added?
Laser. Indicate the relationship between metastable state and stimulated emission.
The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are
equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation.
a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have
the same energy and number of particles.
b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate,
show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann
distribution.
macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3
ε/k (K) Populations
Populations
Populations
300
5
3
4
200
7
9
8
100
15
17
16
0
33
31
32
DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1
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