Microbiology with Diseases by Body System & Modified MasteringMicrobiology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Microbiology with Diseases by Body System Package
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780133857122
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 3CT
Summary Introduction
To answer:
The similarities between the computer viruses and biological viruses.
Introduction:
The viruses are obligate organisms that show signs of life only inside a host. Outside the host they either die or do not show any sign of life. They invade the host cell to carry out their function like replication. A particular virus infects a particular host cell. The invaded host cell acts as machinery for the viruses. Depending upon the state of the virus, they can carry out lytic cycle or lysogenic cycle.
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Viruses are made up of the same biomolecules as cellular organisms (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.), which are synthesized through enzymatic dehydration reactions from building blocks and disassembled by enzymatic hydrolysis. They infect cells and replicate themselves using resources from the host cells. Scientists discovered a previously unknown strain of virus in the tropical Pacific Ocean and it can infect higher-order eukaryotes. Initial analysis revealed that the virus is mainly composed of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Chemical analysis after complete hydrolysis revealed the following building blocks (by weight):
Chemical components
Nucleosides
Amino acids
Lipids, phosphates, and carbohydrates
Percentage by weight
20
30
50
Analysis of percentages of nucleosides yielded the following results (by molar ratio):
Nucleosides
A
G
T
C
U
Percentage by mole
19
29
19
29
4
Which of the following events mostly involves hydrolysis reaction after the virus infects…
How are prions different from viruses? How are they similar?
are viruses alive ?
Chapter 13 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System & Modified MasteringMicrobiology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Microbiology with Diseases by Body System Package
Ch. 13 - Why are naked icosahedral viruses able to...Ch. 13 - What characteristics of the genomes of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 13 - Prob. 1EDCSCh. 13 - Prob. 4TMWCh. 13 - Prob. 5TMWCh. 13 - Prob. 6TMWCh. 13 - Prob. 7TMWCh. 13 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 13 - Prob. 1MC
Ch. 13 - Prob. 2MCCh. 13 - Prob. 3MCCh. 13 - Prob. 4MCCh. 13 - Prob. 5MCCh. 13 - Prob. 6MCCh. 13 - Prob. 7MCCh. 13 - Prob. 8MCCh. 13 - Prob. 9MCCh. 13 - Prob. 10MCCh. 13 - Prob. 1MCh. 13 - Prob. 1VICh. 13 - Prob. 2VICh. 13 - Prob. 1SACh. 13 - Prob. 2SACh. 13 - Prob. 3SACh. 13 - Prob. 4SACh. 13 - Prob. 5SACh. 13 - What is the difference between a virion and a...Ch. 13 - How is a provirus like a prophage? How is it...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8SACh. 13 - Prob. 9SACh. 13 - Prob. 10SACh. 13 - Prob. 1CTCh. 13 - Prob. 2CTCh. 13 - Prob. 3CTCh. 13 - Prob. 4CTCh. 13 - Prob. 5CTCh. 13 - Prob. 6CTCh. 13 - Prob. 7CTCh. 13 - Why has it been difficult to develop a complete...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9CTCh. 13 - What differences would you expect in the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 11CTCh. 13 - Prob. 12CTCh. 13 - Prob. 13CTCh. 13 - Prob. 1CM
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- Researchers have recently discovered giant viruses that are 1 μm in length, the same size as some bacterial cells. The genomes of these viruses contain over 2 million base pairs of DNA, which is more DNA than is found in many bacterial genomes, and their genomes contain hundreds—in some cases, thousands—of genes. Given these observations and what you know about viruses, should viruses be considered living or nonliving? Give arguments for and against considering viruses as living organisms.arrow_forwardHow many millions of bases are in the genome of the mimivirus or largest virus known?arrow_forwardWhy are virus genomes small?arrow_forward
- Viruses are made up of the same biomolecules as cellular organisms (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.). They infect cells and replicate themselves using resources from the host cells. Scientists discovered a previously unknown strain of virus in the tropical Pacific Ocean and it can infect higher-order eukaryotes. Initial analysis revealed that the virus is mainly composed of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Chemical analysis after complete hydrolysis revealed the following building blocks (by weight): Chemical components Nucleosides Amino acids Lipids, phosphates, and carbohydrates Percentage by weight 20 30 50 Analysis of percentages of nucleosides yielded the following results (by molar ratio): Nucleosides A G T C U Percentage by mole 19 29 19 29 4 Researchers determined that the lipids found in the virus form a bilayer membrane surrounding the virus, and are obtained from the membrane of the host cell during virus maturation and exit from host cell. Further…arrow_forwardHow are viruses similar to cellular organisms? In what fundamental way do they differ?arrow_forwardWhich biological system contains a protein nucleocapsid surrounding 2 antiparallel polynucleotide strands (held together by hydrogen bonds), with deoxyribose sugars, but no ribose sugars? a single-stranded RNA viroid (like avocado sun blotch viroid) a double-stranded RNA virus (like the reovirus family) a single-stranded DNA virus (like fX174 virus of E. coli) a double-stranded DNA virus (like the smallpox virus) a single-stranded RNA virus (like tobacco mosaic virus)arrow_forward
- In some viruses the flow of information is in reverse that is ,from RNA to DNA.can you suggest a simple name to the process?arrow_forwardWhy do most viruses that infect bacteria have tails, whereas most viruses that infect animals and plants do not?arrow_forwardwhat are the key contributors to and consequences of viral genome evolution, and why do RNA viruses evolve faster than DNA viruses?arrow_forward
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