Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
The spring in Figure CQ13.3 is stretched from its equilibrium position at x = 0 to a positive coordinate x0. The force on the spring is F0 and it stores elastic potential energy PEs0. If the spring displacement is doubled to 2x0, determine (a) the ratio of the new force to the original force, Fn/F0, and (b) the ratio of the new to the original elastic potential energy, PEsn/PEs0.
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