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(a)
Interpretation:
The product for the given reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The commonly used Peroxy acids are meta-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA) and Peroxyacetic acid. This process is stereospecific.
Reaction of Grignard reagent with epoxide will form alcohols. Grignard reagent will add to the less substituted carbon. The
(b)
Interpretation:
The product for the given reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Alkoxymercuration-demercuration: the process where alcohols can be prepared from alkene, results in the markovnikov’s addition of
NaBH4 (Sodium borohydride):
Sodium borohydride is used as a reducing agent.
(c)
Interpretation:
The product for the given reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Epoxides from Peroxy acids:
The commonly used Peroxy acids are meta-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA) and Peroxyacetic acid. This process is stereospecific.
Base catalyzed ring opening of epoxide:
The nucleophile will attack at the less substituted position under basic conditions
(d)
Interpretation:
The product for the given reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Reaction of metal with alcohol:
Metals can react with alcohol to produce alkoxide ion. For an example, ethanol can be react with sodium to produce hydrogen gas and sodium ethoxide.
(e)
Interpretation:
The product for the given reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Reaction of metal with alcohol:
Metals can react with alcohol to produce alkoxide ion. For an example, ethanol can be react with sodium to produce hydrogen gas and sodium ethoxide.
Epoxides from Peroxy acids:
The commonly used Peroxy acids are meta-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA) and Peroxyacetic acid. This process is stereospecific.
Acid-catalyzed ring-opening of epoxide: The epoxide ring is protonated and the nucleophile attack depends on the electronic or steric effect (nature of epoxide).
Regiochemistry: when the epoxide is unsymmetrical, the nucleophile attack at the more substituted position of the protonated epoxide ring.
Stereochemistry: when the nucleophile attack takes place at chiral center, an inversion of configuration is obtained.
Base catalyzed ring opening of epoxide:
The nucleophile will attack at the less substituted position under basic conditions
(f)
Interpretation:
The product for the given reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Reaction of Grignard reagent with epoxide will form alcohols. Grignard reagent will add to the less substituted carbon. The
The reactions of Epoxides with strong nucleophiles requires a strong driving force that helps in the removal of ring strain associated with the three-membered ring of an Epoxide. These ring opening reactions also occur under acidic conditions.
The mechanism of acid-catalyzed ring opening of an Epoxide occurs in two steps.
In first step, the protonation of Epoxide occurs.
In second step, the attack of nucleophile occurs in the protonated Epoxide by
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- NH2 1. CH3–MgCl 2. H3O+ ? As the lead product manager at OrganometALEKS Industries, you are trying to decide if the following reaction will make a molecule with a new C - C bond as its major product: If this reaction will work, draw the major organic product or products you would expect in the drawing area below. If there's more than one major product, you can draw them in any arrangement you like. Be sure you use wedge and dash bonds if necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. If the major products of this reaction won't have a new C - C bond, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. This reaction will not make a product with a new C - C bond. Х ☐: Carrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction. If there will be no major products, check the box under the drawing area instead. No reaction. : + Х è OH K Cr O 2 27 2 4' 2 Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forwardLaminar compounds are characterized by havinga) a high value of the internal surface of the solid.b) a high adsorption potential.arrow_forward
- Intercalation compounds have their sheetsa) negatively charged.b) positively charged.arrow_forwardIndicate whether the following two statements are correct or not:- Polythiazine, formed by N and S, does not conduct electricity- Carbon can have a specific surface area of 3000 m2/garrow_forwardIndicate whether the following two statements are correct or not:- The S8 heterocycle is the origin of a family of compounds- Most of the elements that give rise to stable heterocycles belong to group d.arrow_forward
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