A gene is a set of nucleotides that code for a particular protein. Gene expression causes the synthesis of a protein. The gene expression is regulated in controlled way depending on the requirement of the cell. For example, proteins involved in cell division are synthesized prior to the cell division. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes have differential gene expression in order to suit the specific needs of the cell.

Question

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 1TYU

Summary Introduction

Introduction: A gene is a set of nucleotides that code for a particular protein. Gene expression causes the synthesis of a protein. The gene expression is regulated in controlled way depending on the requirement of the cell. For example, proteins involved in cell division are synthesized prior to the cell division. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes have differential gene expression in order to suit the specific needs of the cell.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Correct answer: Beadle and Tatum studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora. Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct answer.

Option (e) is given as “studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora”.

Beadle and Tatum took thousands of haploid wild-type Neurospora and exposed their spores to X-rays or ultraviolet radiation to produce mutant strains. Then, the mutant strain is tested and identified that the actual enzymatic step is blocked due to the mutant gene that prevents the production of chemical which is essential for growth. The experiment of Neurospora exposed that each mutant strain had a particular mutation in only one gene and the gene mainly affects one enzyme-catalyzed chemical reaction. Beadle and Tatum proposed one gene-one enzyme hypothesis and this explains the one-to-one correspondence between genes and enzymes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Reasons for incorrect answers.

Option (a) is given as, “predicted that tRNA molecules would have anticodons”. At the time of Beadle and Tatum experiment, the hypothesis about tRNA is not given. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.

Option (b) is given as, “discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria”. Physician and biochemist Archibald Garrod discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.

Option (c) is given as, “showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain”. Linus Pauling, a chemist in United States (U.S.) showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.

Option (d) is given as, “worked out the genetic code”. Beadle and Tatum is not associated with the experiment of genetic coding. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

Hence, the options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

In the early 1940s, a new approach is developed about understanding the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora by the experiment of U.S. geneticists George Beadle, Edward Tatum, and their associates.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Students have asked these similar questions

Molecular Biology Please help with question. thank you You are studying the expression of the lac operon. You have isolated mutants as described below. In the presence of glucose, explain/describe what would happen, for each mutant, to the expression of the lac operon when you add lactose AND what would happen when the bacteria has used up all of the lactose (if the mutant is able to use lactose).5. Mutations in the lac operator that strengthen the binding of the lac repressor 200 fold 6. Mutations in the promoter that prevent binding of RNA polymerase 7. Mutations in CRP/CAP protein that prevent binding of cAMP8. Mutations in sigma factor that prevent binding of sigma to core RNA polymerase

Molecular Biology Please help and there is an attached image. Thank you. A bacteria has a gene whose protein/enzyme product is involved with the synthesis of a lipid necessary for the synthesis of the cell membrane. Expression of this gene requires the binding of a protein (called ACT) to a control sequence (called INC) next to the promoter. A. Is the expression/regulation of this gene an example of induction or repression?Please explain:B. Is this expression/regulation an example of positive or negative control?C. When the lipid is supplied in the media, the expression of the enzyme is turned off.Describe one likely mechanism for how this “turn off” is accomplished.

Molecular Biology Please help. Thank you. Discuss/define the following:(a) poly A polymerase (b) trans-splicing (c) operon

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 1TYU

Summary Introduction

Introduction: A gene is a set of nucleotides that code for a particular protein. Gene expression causes the synthesis of a protein. The gene expression is regulated in controlled way depending on the requirement of the cell. For example, proteins involved in cell division are synthesized prior to the cell division. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes have differential gene expression in order to suit the specific needs of the cell.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Correct answer: Beadle and Tatum studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora. Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct answer.

Option (e) is given as “studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora”.

Beadle and Tatum took thousands of haploid wild-type Neurospora and exposed their spores to X-rays or ultraviolet radiation to produce mutant strains. Then, the mutant strain is tested and identified that the actual enzymatic step is blocked due to the mutant gene that prevents the production of chemical which is essential for growth. The experiment of Neurospora exposed that each mutant strain had a particular mutation in only one gene and the gene mainly affects one enzyme-catalyzed chemical reaction. Beadle and Tatum proposed one gene-one enzyme hypothesis and this explains the one-to-one correspondence between genes and enzymes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Reasons for incorrect answers.

Option (a) is given as, “predicted that tRNA molecules would have anticodons”. At the time of Beadle and Tatum experiment, the hypothesis about tRNA is not given. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.

Option (b) is given as, “discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria”. Physician and biochemist Archibald Garrod discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.

Option (c) is given as, “showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain”. Linus Pauling, a chemist in United States (U.S.) showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.

Option (d) is given as, “worked out the genetic code”. Beadle and Tatum is not associated with the experiment of genetic coding. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

Hence, the options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

In the early 1940s, a new approach is developed about understanding the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora by the experiment of U.S. geneticists George Beadle, Edward Tatum, and their associates.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 1TYU

Summary Introduction

Introduction: A gene is a set of nucleotides that code for a particular protein. Gene expression causes the synthesis of a protein. The gene expression is regulated in controlled way depending on the requirement of the cell. For example, proteins involved in cell division are synthesized prior to the cell division. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes have differential gene expression in order to suit the specific needs of the cell.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Correct answer: Beadle and Tatum studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora. Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct answer.

Option (e) is given as “studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora”.

Beadle and Tatum took thousands of haploid wild-type Neurospora and exposed their spores to X-rays or ultraviolet radiation to produce mutant strains. Then, the mutant strain is tested and identified that the actual enzymatic step is blocked due to the mutant gene that prevents the production of chemical which is essential for growth. The experiment of Neurospora exposed that each mutant strain had a particular mutation in only one gene and the gene mainly affects one enzyme-catalyzed chemical reaction. Beadle and Tatum proposed one gene-one enzyme hypothesis and this explains the one-to-one correspondence between genes and enzymes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Reasons for incorrect answers.

Option (a) is given as, “predicted that tRNA molecules would have anticodons”. At the time of Beadle and Tatum experiment, the hypothesis about tRNA is not given. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.

Option (b) is given as, “discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria”. Physician and biochemist Archibald Garrod discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.

Option (c) is given as, “showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain”. Linus Pauling, a chemist in United States (U.S.) showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.

Option (d) is given as, “worked out the genetic code”. Beadle and Tatum is not associated with the experiment of genetic coding. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

Hence, the options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

In the early 1940s, a new approach is developed about understanding the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora by the experiment of U.S. geneticists George Beadle, Edward Tatum, and their associates.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 1TYU

Summary Introduction

Introduction: A gene is a set of nucleotides that code for a particular protein. Gene expression causes the synthesis of a protein. The gene expression is regulated in controlled way depending on the requirement of the cell. For example, proteins involved in cell division are synthesized prior to the cell division. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes have differential gene expression in order to suit the specific needs of the cell.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Correct answer: Beadle and Tatum studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora. Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct answer.

Option (e) is given as “studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora”.

Beadle and Tatum took thousands of haploid wild-type Neurospora and exposed their spores to X-rays or ultraviolet radiation to produce mutant strains. Then, the mutant strain is tested and identified that the actual enzymatic step is blocked due to the mutant gene that prevents the production of chemical which is essential for growth. The experiment of Neurospora exposed that each mutant strain had a particular mutation in only one gene and the gene mainly affects one enzyme-catalyzed chemical reaction. Beadle and Tatum proposed one gene-one enzyme hypothesis and this explains the one-to-one correspondence between genes and enzymes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Reasons for incorrect answers.

Option (a) is given as, “predicted that tRNA molecules would have anticodons”. At the time of Beadle and Tatum experiment, the hypothesis about tRNA is not given. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.

Option (b) is given as, “discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria”. Physician and biochemist Archibald Garrod discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.

Option (c) is given as, “showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain”. Linus Pauling, a chemist in United States (U.S.) showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.

Option (d) is given as, “worked out the genetic code”. Beadle and Tatum is not associated with the experiment of genetic coding. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

Hence, the options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

In the early 1940s, a new approach is developed about understanding the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora by the experiment of U.S. geneticists George Beadle, Edward Tatum, and their associates.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 13, Problem 1TYU

Summary Introduction

Introduction: A gene is a set of nucleotides that code for a particular protein. Gene expression causes the synthesis of a protein. The gene expression is regulated in controlled way depending on the requirement of the cell. For example, proteins involved in cell division are synthesized prior to the cell division. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes have differential gene expression in order to suit the specific needs of the cell.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Correct answer: Beadle and Tatum studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora. Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct answer.

Option (e) is given as “studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora”.

Beadle and Tatum took thousands of haploid wild-type Neurospora and exposed their spores to X-rays or ultraviolet radiation to produce mutant strains. Then, the mutant strain is tested and identified that the actual enzymatic step is blocked due to the mutant gene that prevents the production of chemical which is essential for growth. The experiment of Neurospora exposed that each mutant strain had a particular mutation in only one gene and the gene mainly affects one enzyme-catalyzed chemical reaction. Beadle and Tatum proposed one gene-one enzyme hypothesis and this explains the one-to-one correspondence between genes and enzymes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Reasons for incorrect answers.

Option (a) is given as, “predicted that tRNA molecules would have anticodons”. At the time of Beadle and Tatum experiment, the hypothesis about tRNA is not given. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.

Option (b) is given as, “discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria”. Physician and biochemist Archibald Garrod discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.

Option (c) is given as, “showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain”. Linus Pauling, a chemist in United States (U.S.) showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.

Option (d) is given as, “worked out the genetic code”. Beadle and Tatum is not associated with the experiment of genetic coding. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

Hence, the options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

In the early 1940s, a new approach is developed about understanding the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora by the experiment of U.S. geneticists George Beadle, Edward Tatum, and their associates.

Answer 6

Chapter 13, Problem 1TYU

Summary Introduction

Introduction: A gene is a set of nucleotides that code for a particular protein. Gene expression causes the synthesis of a protein. The gene expression is regulated in controlled way depending on the requirement of the cell. For example, proteins involved in cell division are synthesized prior to the cell division. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes have differential gene expression in order to suit the specific needs of the cell.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Correct answer: Beadle and Tatum studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora. Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct answer.

Option (e) is given as “studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora”.

Beadle and Tatum took thousands of haploid wild-type Neurospora and exposed their spores to X-rays or ultraviolet radiation to produce mutant strains. Then, the mutant strain is tested and identified that the actual enzymatic step is blocked due to the mutant gene that prevents the production of chemical which is essential for growth. The experiment of Neurospora exposed that each mutant strain had a particular mutation in only one gene and the gene mainly affects one enzyme-catalyzed chemical reaction. Beadle and Tatum proposed one gene-one enzyme hypothesis and this explains the one-to-one correspondence between genes and enzymes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Reasons for incorrect answers.

Option (a) is given as, “predicted that tRNA molecules would have anticodons”. At the time of Beadle and Tatum experiment, the hypothesis about tRNA is not given. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.

Option (b) is given as, “discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria”. Physician and biochemist Archibald Garrod discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.

Option (c) is given as, “showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain”. Linus Pauling, a chemist in United States (U.S.) showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.

Option (d) is given as, “worked out the genetic code”. Beadle and Tatum is not associated with the experiment of genetic coding. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

Hence, the options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.

Conclusion

In the early 1940s, a new approach is developed about understanding the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora by the experiment of U.S. geneticists George Beadle, Edward Tatum, and their associates.

Answer 7

Chapter 13, Problem 1TYU

Summary Introduction

Introduction: A gene is a set of nucleotides that code for a particular protein. Gene expression causes the synthesis of a protein. The gene expression is regulated in controlled way depending on the requirement of the cell. For example, proteins involved in cell division are synthesized prior to the cell division. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes have differential gene expression in order to suit the specific needs of the cell.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Correct answer: Beadle and Tatum studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora. Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct answer.

Option (e) is given as “studied the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora”.

Beadle and Tatum took thousands of haploid wild-type Neurospora and exposed their spores to X-rays or ultraviolet radiation to produce mutant strains. Then, the mutant strain is tested and identified that the actual enzymatic step is blocked due to the mutant gene that prevents the production of chemical which is essential for growth. The experiment of Neurospora exposed that each mutant strain had a particular mutation in only one gene and the gene mainly affects one enzyme-catalyzed chemical reaction. Beadle and Tatum proposed one gene-one enzyme hypothesis and this explains the one-to-one correspondence between genes and enzymes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (e).

Reasons for incorrect answers.

Option (a) is given as, “predicted that tRNA molecules would have anticodons”. At the time of Beadle and Tatum experiment, the hypothesis about tRNA is not given. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.

Option (b) is given as, “discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria”. Physician and biochemist Archibald Garrod discovered the genetic disease alkaptonuria. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.

Option (c) is given as, “showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain”. Linus Pauling, a chemist in United States (U.S.) showed that the genetic disease sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid in a hemoglobin polypeptide chain. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.

Option (d) is given as, “worked out the genetic code”. Beadle and Tatum is not associated with the experiment of genetic coding. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

Hence, the options (a), (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.

Answer 12

Conclusion

In the early 1940s, a new approach is developed about understanding the relationship between genes and enzymes in Neurospora by the experiment of U.S. geneticists George Beadle, Edward Tatum, and their associates.

Answer 13

Ch. 13.1 - Summarize the early evidence indicating that some...Ch. 13.1 - Describe how Beadle and Tatums experiments...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1C Ch. 13.1 - How did the work of each of the following...Ch. 13.2 - Outline the flow of genetic information in cells,...Ch. 13.2 - Compare the structures of DNA and RNA.Ch. 13.2 - Explain why the genetic code is said to be...Ch. 13.2 - VISUALIZE Sketch a simple flow diagram that shows...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 2C Ch. 13.3 - Compare the processes of transcription and DNA...

Concept explainers

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Explanation of Solution

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Chapter 13 Solutions