ESSENTIAL CELL BIOLOGY-TEXT (PB)
ESSENTIAL CELL BIOLOGY-TEXT (PB)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780393680324
Author: ALBERTS
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 13, Problem 1Q
Summary Introduction

To explain: The reason behind an anaerobic condition when the cell could not discard pyruvate as a waste product.

Introduction: The cells growing in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic condition) in which the end product of glycolysis is pyruvate undergoes fermentation. In the process of fermentation, NAD+ is regenerated from NADH by transferring electron to organic molecule like lactate and ethanol.

Expert Solution
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Explanation of Solution

In the process of fermentation, in anaerobic condition of cell NAD+ is regenerated from NADH by transferring electron to organic molecule. To continue the process of glycolysis in the cell, cells need to regenerate NAD+. So, without the fermentation process there is no other methodical way to generate NAD+. In absence of NAD+, the glycolysis process is discontinued from the step- 6 that is energy generation phage where the oxidation of glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate produce 1, 3-biphosphoglycerate to continue the glycolysis process.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The products from glucose accumulate in the cell unable to generate either lactate or ethanol by fermentation.

Introduction: The cells growing in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic condition) in which the end product of glycolysis is pyruvate undergoes fermentation. In the process of fermentation, NAD+ is regenerated from NADH by transferring electron to organic molecule like lactate and ethanol.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

In the fermentation process in presence of pyruvate, the NAD+ is reinitiated from NADH by transferring electron to organic molecule like lactate and ethanol. To keep glycolysis continuing in the cell, it needs regenerated NAD+. There is no suitable way rather than the fermentation to produce NAD+. In glycolysis process in absence of regenerated NAD+ at energy generation step of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1, 3-biphosphoglycerate will not occur. The product glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate would accumulate in the cell unable to make either lactate or ethanol, neither it would able to regenerate NAD+. So, in this step also glycolysis process is blocked.

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The Cell Membrane; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsffT7XIXbA;License: Standard youtube license