Chapter 13, Problem 13.34P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A synthetic step for the given transformation, including reagents and special reaction conditions in the forward direction, is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Synthesis may be designed by thinking in the reverse direction, from the product to the starting compound, in a method called retrosynthesis. A synthesis is a specific sequence of chemical reactions that converts the starting materials into the desired compound, called the target (or synthetic target). The product given in the retrosynthetic step is the precursor for the synthetic step, followed by an arrow $\text{(}\to \text{)}$ with reaction conditions and the product (precursor in the retrosynthetic step) is the synthetic step.

The reagent MCPBA, a peroxyacid, can form an epoxide in a one-step reaction with an alkene.

The stereochemistry that describes the C=C bond remains the same in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A synthetic step for the given transformation, including reagents and special reaction conditions in the forward direction, is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Synthesis may be designed by thinking in the reverse direction, from the product to the starting compound, in a method called retrosynthesis. A synthesis is a specific sequence of chemical reactions that converts the starting materials into the desired compound, called the target (or synthetic target). The product given in the retrosynthetic step is the precursor for the synthetic step, followed by an arrow $\text{(}\to \text{)}$ with reaction conditions and the product (precursor in the retrosynthetic step) is the synthetic step.

In a hydroboration-oxidation reaction, H-OH adds to an alkene in a syn fashion, with anti-Markovnikov regiochemistry, to produce an alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

A synthetic step for the given transformation, including reagents and special reaction conditions in the forward direction, is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Synthesis may be designed by thinking in the reverse direction, from the product to the starting compound, in a method called retrosynthesis. A synthesis is a specific sequence of chemical reactions that converts the starting materials into the desired compound, called the target (or synthetic target). The product given in the retrosynthetic step is the precursor for the synthetic step, followed by an arrow $\text{(}\to \text{)}$ with reaction conditions and the product (precursor in the retrosynthetic step) is the synthetic step.

In water, treatment of an alkene with a molecular halogen produces a halohydrin, in which a halogen atom and an OH group add to the alkene carbon atoms in an anti fashion.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

A synthetic step for the given transformation, including reagents and special reaction conditions in the forward direction, is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Synthesis may be designed by thinking in the reverse direction, from the product to the starting compound, in a method called retrosynthesis. A synthesis is a specific sequence of chemical reactions that converts the starting materials into the desired compound, called the target (or synthetic target). The product given in the retrosynthetic step is the precursor for the synthetic step, followed by an arrow $\text{(}\to \text{)}$ with reaction conditions and the product (precursor in the retrosynthetic step) is the synthetic step.

The bimolecular nucleophilic substitution ${\text{(S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2)}$ reaction results in a product with inversion in configuration.