Student Solutions Manual for Ball's Physical Chemistry, 2nd
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9798214169019
Author: David W. Ball
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 13, Problem 13.2E
Identify the symmetry elements present in the following objects. (a) A ream of blank paper, no holes. (b) A ream of blank three-holed paper. (c) A round pencil, unsharpened, with cylindrical eraser. (d) A round pencil, sharpened, with cylindrical eraser.
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 13 Solutions
Student Solutions Manual for Ball's Physical Chemistry, 2nd
Ch. 13 - In your own words, explain why an object that has...Ch. 13 - Identify the symmetry elements present in the...Ch. 13 - Identify the symmetry elements present in the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.4ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.5ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.6ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.7ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.8ECh. 13 - Any axis of symmetry Cn that rotates an object by...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.10E
Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.11ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.12ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.13ECh. 13 - What are the number of classes and the order of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.15ECh. 13 - a Show that the C3v point group satisfies the...Ch. 13 - a In the Td point group, an S41 improper rotation...Ch. 13 - Determine which single symmetry operation of the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.19ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.20ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.21ECh. 13 - Figure 13.27 shows the structure of the molecule...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.23ECh. 13 - Identify all the symmetry elements present in the...Ch. 13 - Point groups are called such because all of the...Ch. 13 - Determine the point groups of the following...Ch. 13 - Determine the point group of the following...Ch. 13 - Determine the point groups of the following...Ch. 13 - Determine the point groups of the following...Ch. 13 - Structural isomers can have very different point...Ch. 13 - Structural isomers can have very different point...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.32ECh. 13 - Identify the point group of the wave functions of...Ch. 13 - Identify the point group of the wave functions of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.35ECh. 13 - Determine if the following species have permanent...Ch. 13 - Determine if the following species have permanent...Ch. 13 - Which of the following species will not have...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.39ECh. 13 - Explain why a molecule with a center of inversion...Ch. 13 - a Unlike methane, bromochlorofluoromethane...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.42ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.43ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.44ECh. 13 - Show that the irreducible representations of the...Ch. 13 - Show that any two of the irreducible...Ch. 13 - Show that any irreducible representation of these...Ch. 13 - Explain why this proposed irreducible...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.49ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.50ECh. 13 - Why is it unnecessary to consider whether an...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.52ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.53ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.54ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.55ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.56ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.57ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.58ECh. 13 - Reduce the following reducible representations...Ch. 13 - Determine the resulting representations for the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.61ECh. 13 - Without using the great orthogonality theorem,...Ch. 13 - Assume that you are evaluating the integral of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.64ECh. 13 - Assume that x- polarized light can be assigned an...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.66ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.67ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.68ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.69ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.70ECh. 13 - Construct the symmetry-adapted linear combination...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.72ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.73ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.74ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.75ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.76ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.77ECh. 13 - Suppose you use p0,p1 and p+1 along with s...Ch. 13 - Show that the individual sp orbitals, as written...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.80ECh. 13 - What is the rough hybridization of the carbon...Ch. 13 - Determine the symmetry species of the D3h point...Ch. 13 - Determine the D3h symmetry species of the sp3d...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.84ECh. 13 - In propene CH3CH=CH2, the first carbon has sp3...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.87ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.88ECh. 13 - Prob. 13.89E
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- Hi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forwardHi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forward. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule depicted below. Bond B 2°C. +2°C. < cleavage Bond A • CH3 + 26. t cleavage 2°C• +3°C• Bond C Cleavage CH3 ZC '2°C. 26. E Strongest 3°C. 2C. Gund Largest BDE weakest bond In that molecule a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in appropriate boxes. Weakest C bond Produces A Weakest Bond Most Strongest Bond Stable radical Strongest Gund produces least stable radicals b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A, B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B, and C are all carbon radicals. i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. 人 8°C. formed in bound C cleavage ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. methyl radical •CH3 formed in bund A Cleavagearrow_forward
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