Chemistry: A Molecular Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321809247
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 13, Problem 120E
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: Whether the given statement is true or false.
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: Whether the given statement is true or false.
(c)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: Whether the given statement is true or false.
(d)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: Whether the given statement is true or false.
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Consider this step in a radical reaction:
Y
What type of step is this? Check all that apply.
Draw the products of the step on the right-hand side of the drawing area
below. If more than one set of products is possible, draw any set.
Also, draw the mechanism arrows on the left-hand side of the drawing
area to show how this happens.
ionization
propagation
initialization
passivation
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22.16 The following groups are ortho-para directors.
(a)
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H
(d)
-Br
(b)
-NH2
(c)
-OCHS
Draw a contributing structure for the resonance-stabilized cation formed during elec-
trophilic aromatic substitution that shows the role of each group in stabilizing the
intermediate by further delocalizing its positive charge.
22.17 Predict the major product or products from treatment of each compound with
Cl₁/FeCl₂-
OH
(b)
NO2
CHO
22.18 How do you account for the fact that phenyl acetate is less reactive toward electro-
philic aromatic substitution than anisole?
Phenyl acetate
Anisole
CH
(d)
Show how to convert ethyl benzene to (a) 2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid and (b) 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Chemistry: A Molecular Approach
Ch. 13 - Q1. This graph shows the concentration of the...Ch. 13 - Q2. Dinitrogen monoxide decomposes into nitrogen...Ch. 13 - Q3. This plot shows the rate of the decomposition...Ch. 13 - Prob. 4SAQCh. 13 - Prob. 5SAQCh. 13 - Prob. 6SAQCh. 13 - Prob. 7SAQCh. 13 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 13 - Prob. 9SAQCh. 13 - Prob. 10SAQ
Ch. 13 - Q11. The mechanism shown is proposed for the gas...Ch. 13 - Q12. Which statement is true regarding the...Ch. 13 - Q13. These images represent the first-order...Ch. 13 - Prob. 14SAQCh. 13 - Prob. 15SAQCh. 13 - Prob. 1ECh. 13 - Prob. 2ECh. 13 - Prob. 3ECh. 13 - 4. Why is the reaction rate for reactants defined...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5ECh. 13 - Prob. 6ECh. 13 - Prob. 7ECh. 13 - 8. For a reaction with multiple reactants, how is...Ch. 13 - 9. Explain the difference between the rate law for...Ch. 13 - 10. Write integrated rate laws for zero-order,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 11ECh. 13 - 12. How do reaction rates typically depend on...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13ECh. 13 - 14. What is an Arrhenius plot? Explain the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 15ECh. 13 - Prob. 16ECh. 13 - 17. In a reaction mechanism, what is an elementary...Ch. 13 - 18. What are the two requirements for a proposed...Ch. 13 - 19. What is an intermediate within a reaction...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20ECh. 13 - 21. Explain the difference between homogeneous...Ch. 13 - Prob. 22ECh. 13 - Prob. 23ECh. 13 - Prob. 24ECh. 13 - 25. Consider the reaction:
2 HBr(g) → H2(g) +...Ch. 13 - 26. Consider the reaction:
2 N2O(g) → 2 N2(g) +...Ch. 13 - 27. For the reaction 2 A(g) + B(g) → 3 C(g),
a....Ch. 13 - 28. For the reaction A(g) + B(g) → 2 C(g),
a....Ch. 13 - 29. Consider the reaction:
Cl2(g) + 3 F2(g) → 2...Ch. 13 - Prob. 30ECh. 13 - Prob. 31ECh. 13 - Prob. 32ECh. 13 - 33. Consider the reaction:
H2(g) + Br2(g) ? 2...Ch. 13 - 34. Consider the reaction:
2 H2O2(aq) ? 2 H2O(l) +...Ch. 13 - Prob. 35ECh. 13 - Prob. 36ECh. 13 - Prob. 37ECh. 13 - 38. This reaction is first order in N2O5:
N2O5(g)...Ch. 13 - Prob. 39ECh. 13 - Prob. 40ECh. 13 - Prob. 41ECh. 13 - 42. Consider the data showing the initial rate of...Ch. 13 - 45. The tabulated data were collected for this...Ch. 13 - 46. The tabulated data were collected for this...Ch. 13 - 47. Indicate the order of reaction consistent with...Ch. 13 - 48. Indicate the order of reaction consistent with...Ch. 13 - 49. The tabulated data show the concentration of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 48ECh. 13 - 51. The tabulated data show the concentration of...Ch. 13 - 52. The reaction A → products was monitored as a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 51ECh. 13 - Prob. 52ECh. 13 - Prob. 53ECh. 13 - Prob. 54ECh. 13 - 57. The half-life for the radioactive decay of...Ch. 13 - 58. The half-life for the radioactive decay of...Ch. 13 - 5957. The diagram shows the energy of a reaction...Ch. 13 - Prob. 58ECh. 13 - Prob. 59ECh. 13 - Prob. 60ECh. 13 - Prob. 61ECh. 13 - Prob. 62ECh. 13 - 65. The data shown here were collected for the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 64ECh. 13 - 67. The tabulated data were collected for the...Ch. 13 - 68. The tabulated data show the rate constant of a...Ch. 13 - 69. A reaction has a rate constant of 0.0117/s at...Ch. 13 - 70. A reaction has a rate constant of 0.000122/s...Ch. 13 - Prob. 69ECh. 13 - Prob. 70ECh. 13 - Prob. 71ECh. 13 - Prob. 72ECh. 13 - Prob. 73ECh. 13 - Prob. 74ECh. 13 - Prob. 75ECh. 13 - Prob. 76ECh. 13 - 79. Many heterogeneous catalysts are deposited on...Ch. 13 - 80. Suppose that the reaction A → products is...Ch. 13 - 81. Suppose that a catalyst lowers the activation...Ch. 13 - Prob. 80ECh. 13 - Prob. 81ECh. 13 - Prob. 82ECh. 13 - Prob. 83ECh. 13 - Prob. 84ECh. 13 - Prob. 85ECh. 13 - Prob. 86ECh. 13 - Prob. 87ECh. 13 - Prob. 88ECh. 13 - 91. Iodine atoms combine to form I2 in liquid...Ch. 13 - 9290. The hydrolysis of sucrose (C12H22O11) into...Ch. 13 - 9391. The reaction AB(aq) ? A(g) + B(g) is second...Ch. 13 - Prob. 92ECh. 13 - Prob. 93ECh. 13 - Prob. 94ECh. 13 - 97. The desorption (leaving of the surface) of a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 96ECh. 13 - 99. The kinetics of this reaction were studied as...Ch. 13 - Prob. 98ECh. 13 - Prob. 99ECh. 13 - 102100. Consider the two reactions:
a. Why is...Ch. 13 - 103. Anthropologists can estimate the age of a...Ch. 13 - 104. Geologists can estimate the age of rocks by...Ch. 13 - Prob. 103ECh. 13 - 106104. Consider the reaction:
2 NH3(aq) +...Ch. 13 - Prob. 105ECh. 13 - Prob. 106ECh. 13 - Prob. 107ECh. 13 - Prob. 108ECh. 13 - Prob. 109ECh. 13 - Prob. 110ECh. 13 - 113. In this chapter we have seen a number of...Ch. 13 - 1124. The first-order integrated rate law for the...Ch. 13 - 115. The previous exercise shows how the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 114ECh. 13 - Prob. 115ECh. 13 - Prob. 116ECh. 13 - Prob. 117ECh. 13 - 120118. Consider the reaction:
CHCl3(g) + Cl2(g) ?...Ch. 13 - Prob. 119ECh. 13 - Prob. 120E
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- Help me solve this problem. Thank you in advance.arrow_forward22.7 Predict the monoalkylated products of the following reactions with benzene. (a) AlCl3 Ya (b) AlCl3 (c) H3PO4 (d) 22.8 Think-Pair-Share AICI3 The reaction below is a common electrophilic aromatic substitution. SO3 H₂SO4 SO₂H (a) Draw the reaction mechanism for this reaction using HSO,+ as the electrophile. (b) Sketch the reaction coordinate diagram, where the product is lower in energy than the starting reactant. (c) Which step in the reaction mechanism is highest in energy? Explain. (d) Which of the following reaction conditions could be used in an electrophilic aro- matic substitution with benzene to provide substituted phenyl derivatives? (i) AICI3 HNO3 H₂SO4 K2Cr2O7 (iii) H₂SO4 (iv) H₂PO₁arrow_forwardIs an acid-base reaction the only type of reaction that would cause leavening products to rise?arrow_forward
- Help me understand this! Thank you in advance.arrow_forward22.22 For each compound, indicate which group on the ring is more strongly activating and then draw a structural formula of the major product formed by nitration of the compound. Br CHO (a) CH3 (b) (c) CHO CH3 SO₂H (d) ☑ OCHS NO₂ (e) (f) CO₂H NHCOCH3 NHCOCH, (h) CHS 22.23 The following molecules each contain two aromatic rings. (b) 000-100- H3C (a) (c) Which ring in each undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution more readily? Draw the major product formed on nitration.arrow_forwardV Consider this step in a radical reaction: Br: ? What type of step is this? Check all that apply. Draw the products of the step on the right-hand side of the drawing area below. If more than one set of products is possible, draw any set. Also, draw the mechanism arrows on the left-hand side of the drawing area to show how this happens. ⚫ionization termination initialization neutralization none of the abc Explanation Check 80 Ο F3 F1 F2 2 F4 01 % do5 $ 94 #3 X 5 C MacBook Air 25 F5 F6 66 ©2025 ˇ F7 29 & 7 8arrow_forward
- Show how to convert ethyl benzene to (a) 2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid and (b) 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid.arrow_forwardno aiarrow_forwardPolymers may be composed of thousands of monomers. Draw three repeat units (trimer) of the polymer formed in this reaction. Assume there are hydrogen atoms there are hydrogen atoms on the two ends of the trimer. Ignore inorganic byproducts.arrow_forward
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