Chapter 13, Problem 119E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The amount of the concentrated stock solution in milliliters that should be used to make $2.5Lof0.500MHN{O}_3$ is to be calculated with the help of mass percent, molarity and density of nitric acid.

Concept introduction:

Molarity can be defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Mathematically, molarity $\left(\text{M}\right)$ will be as follows:

$\text{M=}\frac{\text{Moles solute}}{\text{Liters solution}}$

The volume of solution should be in liters.

Mass percent is defined as number of grams of solute per $100g$ of solution, Mass percent =$\frac{\text{mass solute}}{\text{mass solute+mass solvent}}\text{X}100\%=\frac{\text{mass solute}}{\text{mass solution}}\text{X 100 \%}$.

Mass of solution can be calculated as $\frac{\text{mass solute}}{\text{mass percent}}\text{X 100\%}$

Relation between number of moles $\left(n\right)$ and molar mass is as follows:

$n=\frac{\text{mass}}{\text{molar mass}}$

Relation between density $\left(d\right)$ and volume $\left(V\right)$ is as follows:

$d=\frac{\text{mass}}{V}$